Archives-June... 

This study sought to explore occupational health and safety practices among refuse collectors in the Cape Coast Metropolis. The study was qualitative in nature and employed the exploratory study design. In all 30 refuse disposal collectors participated in the study. Quota sampling, snowballing and purposive sampling techniques were used to select the various companies, participants and key informants respectively for the study. Interviewing, focus group discussions and observations were the methods used for the study. However, interview guide and focus group discussion guide were the instruments used to collect data for the study. Data generated was put into themes for analysis.The study revealed that most of the refuse collectors in the metropolis do not put on the protective wears at dump site, it is recommended that management of the metropolis intensify their training efforts to continue to sensitise waste collectors on the need to wear those protective clothing in order to safeguard themselves from coming into contact harmful substances at the various dump sites.

By the approval of the law of higher education’s structure, the necessity of making fundamental changes in the system of management in Iranian universities has become obvious. The most important part of these changes is related to the financial system of the universities. By considering the transformation of economic system into operational economic classification, changes in economic situations of higher educations are more than ever essential. The methodology used in this study is descriptive-analytical and attempt was made to describe and elaborate on the economic management based on the data obtained from libraries and Iran’s higher education programs.

Vortex tube is a device that separates pressurized inlet gas into hot and cold streams. Its main applications are in spot cooling. Hence cold temperature of outlet gas, as a response variable, is of much concern for experimentation. There are various input controllable parameters, the values (levels) of which may affect the cold temperature of outlet gas. Some studies were carried out on vortex tube hitherto, considering different input controllable parameters. The present work analyses the effect of five input controllable parameters viz., inlet gas (air) Pressure, Length of the vortex (hot)tube, Diameter of the vortex(hot) tube, Diameter of the orifice / diaphragm, and Diameter of the nozzle on the response variable- Temperature of cold-outlet stream of air. Response Surface Methodology (RSM) approach is used to optimize the response. L-27 Orthogonal Array (OA) is used for experimentation. Response is of “Smaller the Better” type. Regression equation is obtained. All the parameters considered but the Length of the vortex tube, are found to be significant from the Analysis of Variance ( ANOVA ) table. Optimum levels for factors are predicted, confirmatory test is run and the experimental results are validated.

Sustainability refers to a concept which has been widely evaluated in recent years, affirming the development and continuity over the time. Sustainability can be examined at all the aspects of life and architecture, so that physical sustainability of architecture has been regarded as an aspect which has not been evaluated in the architecture. Physical sustainability refers to the continuity and survival of building as well as accountability based on the addressee's needs and interests over the time. Recognition of factors affecting the physical sustainability of the buildings which have remained sustainable can assist us in exploiting from the parameters which provide the physical sustainability. The present research has aimed to evaluate and recognize the factors affecting physical sustainability in Iran via descriptive-analytic method and evaluation of the buildings with Esfahani style which are accounted as the sustainable samples in Iranian architecture.

This research is about student’s perception and job search skills and achievement in the 21st century career at Science School of Batu Pahat in sport’s courses. The design is quantitative with 150 student to answer the questionnaire. The skills that they are acquired to express is in marathon and soccer. 4 criterion plan "21st century classroom are core subjects and themes, learning skills and innovation, and information technology skills and career and life skills (Smith, 2008). ). Later, the participants held a quasi experimental before "21st century classroom" held (pretest) and joint 21st century classroom (post-test) were measured using both questionnaires is done online ie before and after the learning and teaching take place on skill attainment search work and career.

Photoinitiated substitution complex of K4[Fe(CN)6] and monoethanolamine has been synthesized and characterized on the basis of elemental analysis, UV, FTIR, TA and DSC. The complex has been assigned as K2[Fe(CN)3(OH)(MEOA)]H2O. The presence of different moieties is confirmed by the appearance of characteristics IR absorption peaks. The photoaquation of K4[Fe(CN)6] is confirmed by recording UV spectra before and after irradiation. Irradiation of aqueous solution of metal cyanides leads to the formation of the primary photoadduct where a CN- ion is replaced by OH-, which undergoes subsequent thermal substitution by entering ligand (MEOA). Thermal kinetics of the complex has been studied by TG and DSC techniques. The thermal analysis has been carried out in nitrogen atmosphere up to 800ºC. Thermograms obtained confirm IR data, hence supports the empirical formula. On the basis of thermal data, thermal decomposition mechanism has been proposed for the complex. Thermodynamic parameters like activation energy (Ea), pre-exponential factor (A) and entropy of activation (?S#) has been calculated for each decomposition step, using Dolye’s, Coats and Redfern and Arrhenius method. The reaction enthalpy is obtained from DSC technique.

Jatropha curcas seeds have been in use for the production of biodiesel as an ecofriendly fuel. But during biodiesel production from 100 kgs of Jatropha seeds only 30 kgs of oil is produced, while 70 kgs of de-oiled cake is generated as a byproduct. This oil meal contains toxic substances like curcin, toxalbumin and phorebolic acid which makes it unsuitable as an animal feed. It can be either used for biogas production or vermicomposting as can be seen from volatile solids of total solids content of 87.93%. So feasibility of this oil meal as a substrate for vermicomposting using earthworm Eudrilus eugeniae has been studied in detail. Original C/N ratio of the jatropha oil meal was around 42.94 while the raw waste mixture was around 38.57% after mixing with cattle dung and soil, which reduced to 12.6 after vermicomposting, which is an indicator of efficient worm activity. Volatile Solids reduction of 66.19% was observed which indicates efficient worm activity. Results showed good quality vermicompost production with efficient water holding capacity of 72.4100% and porosity of 78.2191%. Bulk density depicted 1.1052 g/cm3 indicating good quality suitable for efficient root penetration. Scanning Electron Microscopy and microbiological analysis confirmed the maturity of the vermicompost.

The present study aims to evaluate preventive effect of S.indicus on p-dimethylaminoazobenzene (DAB) induced hepatocarcinogenesis in rats. Oral administration of stem ethanol extract of the S.indicus (300mg/kg) effectively prevent the hepatocarcinogenesis as exposed by reduce in the levels of extend of serum glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase (SGOT), serum glutamate pyruvate transaminase (SGPT), alkaline phosphate (ALP), total bilirubin, total cholesterol, lipid peroxidase (LPO) and raise the level of glutathione-S-transferase, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) when compared to DAB induced rats. The histopathological changes of the liver sample compared with respective control. The present study shows a significant preventive effect of S.indicus (SI) on DAB administrated hepatocarcinogenesis in rats.

In an ever increasingly competitive environment, product design forms the foundation for enduring sales responsiveness and enhanced customer satisfaction. Superior product performance, quality and reduced cost of ownership are the results of effective, efficient engineering and design. The impact of product design on total cost of ownership and the profitability of a manufacturing company are significant. This paper addresses design for total cost of ownership approach for allocation of redundancy that can minimize the total cost of the product during the product life time. A genetic algorithm based heuristic is developed to provide an optimal or a near optimal solution. This DTCO approach permits engineers to study product designs with respect to cost, reliability and performance during the conceptual design phase and enables the integrated method to identify design changes that improve performance and reduce total cost of ownership.

This paper is devoted to obtain a proof of Beal’s conjecture. In this paper we have given proof of Beal’s conjecture for the following two cases. Case 1:- If (x, y, z) = (mn, m, mn+1), then same prime divides A, B and C ;?A,B,C,m ,n?N&m>2. Case 2:- If (x, y, z) = (m, m, m+1), then same prime divides A, B and C,; ?A,B,C,m?N ,m>2.