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The basic purpose of this study was to compare the two novels The Bride by Bapsi Sidhwa and The Scarlet Letter by Nathaniel Hawthorne. The comparison of both the novels has been done to analyze the attitude of Patriarchal society towards Zaitoon and Hester who are the main characters of the The Bride and The Scarlet Letter respectively. Both the novels are written centuries far apart and in places which are geographically two different parts of the world. However, both the characters face same difficulties and miseries from the patriarchal society. Both refuse to surrender before the oppression and strongly resist against this tyrannical attitude. They prefer to lead the life of their own choice and refuse to follow the set rules and regulations of patriarchal society. The comparative analysis proves that the dominance of patriarchal thought is same in both east and west and women are exploited for one or the other reason by the male dominated societies.. This attitude is not reserved to any particular part of the world or any specific time period. Thus, this fact is established that patriarchy has no geographical and temporal boundaries Nevertheless, Hester and Zaitoon give a very strong message to rest of the women folk that it is through inner courage and determination by which they can defeat the oppressing forces. Both of them become a symbol of struggle against this chauvinistic thought.

The present research attempts to analyze Pakistani English novels namely A Case of Exploding Mangoes (2008), The Scatter Here is too Great (2014), and A Season for Martyrs (2014) as historiographic metafiction. Linda Hutcheon propsed historiographic metafiction as a theory that re-conceptualizes history by combining fact and fiction. Pakistani novelists present social, political and historical issues of the region through this genre of postmodern fiction. The study shows that official history related to partition, military rule and politics is being questioned in the selected texts. Textual analysis is used as a research method.

The objective of this present paper is to analyze the relational thinking process of the Junior High School Students with field-dependent and –independent cognitive styles in solving mathematical problems. Two students were chosen as the research subject, one with dependent- cognitive style, the other, independent cognitive style. The data were collected through in-depth interviews after the subjects solved mathematical problems. All data were video-recorded. The credibility of the data was obtained through meticulous or continuous/consistent observations and time triangulation and analyzed using a flow model consisting of three-path activities occurring simultaneously: data reduction, data presentation and conclusion drawing. The results of the analysis showed that the relational thinking process of the field dependent student in solving mathematical problems is done by making relation among and in the three core elements: understanding the problem, answering the questions and reviewing, meanwhile, the field independent student, besides building relation among and in the three core elements like the field dependent students, chose some strategies.

Higher education is assuming an upward significance for developing countries, especially countries including India which is experiencing service-led growth. Higher education is all about generating knowledge, encouraging critical thinking and imparting skills relevant to this society and determined by its needs. Education general and higher education in particular, is a highly nation-specific activity, determined by national culture and priorities. The growth of India's higher educational institutions has indeed been outstandingly rapid. The numbers of universities have doubled since 1990-91, and enrolment has become more than doubled. But this has been at the expense of quality, increased rigidity in course design, poor absorption of knowledge, and growing lack of access to laboratory facilities, journals and opportunities for field work, etc. The average Indian graduate compares poorly with her/his counterpart in most countries, including many developing ones. All this calls for reform, administrative changes, more funding, greater flexibility, quality improvement, etc.

Wireless Sensor Networks have been scattered over many unattainable areas such as glaciers, forest, gas, oil water etc to gather real time sensitive information. These Sensor nodes are capable of gathering a large quantity of data by sensing the area, this consumes a large amount of broadcasting and transmission power and thus reducing the life-spam of batteries running sensor node. Through this paper the researcher investigated relationship between the network coding techniques and the transmission power of WSN. Network coding, in belief, is a Layer 3 invention that enhances the network throughput and performance in wireless networks for multicast or broadcast situations. This Paper basically performs the survey on area the where network coding is applied in WSN to enhance the battery life of the nodes by various researchers. It also analyzes the factors which effects the networks lifetime.

In building production management, the goal is to achieve project delivery within the contract cost, time and to ensure that specified scope and quality is met without compromising the health and safety of the operatives. Effective project delivery refers to realizing the building project within the scheduled time at the scheduled cost which equally meets the client’s need. This is achievable adopting some cost reduction parameters. According to Arora and Bindra (2008), building materials account for 50 to 80 percent of the total value of construction; hence the ability to reduce wastage and improve productivity will have major cost and time benefits. For a project to be successfully delivered, Lock (2002), states that such project would seek to foresee or predict as many of the dangers and problems as possible and to plan, organize and control activities so that the project is completed as successfully as possible despite all the risks. This process starts before any resources are committed, and will continue until all work is finished. The aim is for the final result to satisfy the project sponsor or purchaser within the promised timescale and without using more money and other resources than those originally set aside or budgeted. It was observed that diligent building materials management; adoption of inventory models as cost reduction parameters in public building delivery significantly reduce time, waste and cost. In addition development of appropriate framework for Economic Order Quantity model which enables the ordering of the critical building materials as and when needed without overstocking and tying up capital assist to minimize total construction cost so that project will be realized on schedule in accordance to specified quality hence, eliminating the incidence of failed construction projects.

Industrialization is essential to meet up upcoming demands of the evolution. All the industrial activity releases some amount of by-products as pollution into the environment. Iron and steel industry is one of a major heavy industries of Chhattisgarh and considered as resource intensive and pollution prone and added pollution to air, water resources, precious land. In central India many of the integrated iron and steel industry is highly polluting, non-compliant and resource-inefficient. The aim of the present review is to understand and aware with the pollution, mainly (i) stack emission as air pollution, and (ii) heavy metal leaching from piling slag, by steel plants in Chhattisgarh, central India region.

Algae and duckweed based wastewater stabilizations ponds for wastewater treatment was carried out at experimental model. The study hoped to contribute towards improved environmental management through improving the quality of effluent being discharged into natural waterways. This was to be achieved through the development and facilitation of the use of Algae and duckweed based wastewater stabilizations ponds to achieve less consumption of electricity. A model of three pond (sedimentation pond , Algae and duckweed pond) in series of experimental work., the three ponds had the same area (1.8 x 0.6 x 0.08) . Waste water quality information was collected in following chemical, physical and bacteriological parameters included: pH, biological oxygen demand, chemical oxygen demand, Dissolve oxygen . The Algae and duckweed based waste stabilization ponds 80 -90 % successfully for the treatment of wastewater .

Participatory decision making is a management style which can be identified as a motivator which can lead to increased productivity in organizations. The purpose of this study was to investigate teacher participation in decision making in secondary schools in Baringo district. Descriptive survey design was adopted. The study population comprised of 42 secondary schools, all the Head teachers, class teachers and teachers in these schools. The sample comprised 13 schools selected through simple random sampling, 13 Head teachers and class teachers who were purposively selected while 104 teachers were selected using simple random sampling technique. Data collection instruments comprised of questionnaire with closed and open ended questions and semi structured interview schedules. Data was analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively using descriptive statistics. The major findings of the study were that teachers were not involved in decision making as they desired; that most head teachers viewed participatory decision making negatively and indifferently; that teachers were willing to take part in decision making and that there are a combination of factors that hinder effective teacher participation in decision making.

Hypothyroidism is a progressive metabolic disorder associated with decreased levels of T3 and T4 and increased TSH level. It is a common disease seen in females compared to males. Hypothyroidism being a metabolic disorder is associated with oxidative stress, which involves generation of free radials. The thyroid gland produces H2O2 by NADPH Oxidase system of the membrane and it utilizes H2O2 as a substrate of thyroid peroxidase (TPO) for thyroid hormone formation. In the present study T3, T4 and TSH was estimated to establish hypothyroidism and MDA and vitamin C to the asses the oxidative stress and anti-oxidant status respectively in the individuals. The study revealed an increased level of malondialdehyde (MDA) and a significant depression in antioxidant status.