Archives-J 

As the demand increases for day-day applications, rapid transfer of high amount of data over high speed networks must be required also Bandwidth must be high enough for these applications. Congestion Control is an important subject relevant to these applications to maintain stability for any kind of network. In this paper, review on various congestion control mechanisms and their performance measurement parameters are to be compare with each other. Active Queue Management is one of the method to get control over congestion by dropping packets from buffer queue as an indication to other end node to slow down transfer of packets.

The implementation of free education in Democratic Republic of Congo is accompanied by an increase in the number of pupils in the classrooms, but a large number of teachers who are not mechanized or even not paid by the public authorities. This article deals with Internal Efficiency of Primary Schools in Kasuku Commune before and during free Basic education from 2018 to 2020.

Industrialization is a path taken by many developing countries to increase national welfare; Industrialization process is various between countries inherently depending on policy options applied by respective government. As industrialization proceeds, the natural resources diminishes and labor wage increases, while at the same time lately industrializing countries emerge, new approaches are required to reshape the competitiveness of Indian industries Economic, and industrial clusters have become in the last years the object of a new economic theory that has proved important for regional and even national (porter, 1990) development. This paper outlines a methodology, characteristics that are derived from the special features of Safety Match industry (SMI) clusters. The paper described the process that is behind the creation, the continuous development and the success of the Safety Match industry clusters and aims to emphasize those particular features which define and Match industry clusters and separate it from another type of industrial cluster.

To construct the plant expression vector containing synthetic B. thuringiensis-cry1Ac gene for crop plant transformations to resist the insect Helicoverpa armigera. A newly constructed binary vector containing the T - DNA left border, Kanamycin (kan) as marker gene, glucuronidase (uidA) reporter gene and bt-cry Ac 1 gene which transformed to A. tumefaciens by helper plasmid pRK2013, which provides tra and mob genes required to transfer the DNA. The plasmid constructed from basic vector pUC118 containing synthetic Bt-cry 1 Ac gene and pGPTV was restricted digested by EcoRI and Xbal. The digested plasmids were purified, quantified and ligated before triparental mating method of competent cell transformation. The triparental mating efficiency can be observed through back transformation of gene from A. tumefaciens to E.coli. The confirmation of Bt-cry 1 Ac gene in the construct was done by Polymerase Chain Reactions (PCR). Construction of a Bt-cry Ac1 expression vector was successful and this study will be a feasible approach for the genetic improvement of an economically important Crop plants.

In Kenya, the government’s priority in education is in ensuring that quality is maintained at the Directorate of Quality Assurance and Standards (DQAS) which is mandated to coordinate, follow up, and advise on curriculum delivery at school level. The Quality Assurance and Standards Officers (QASO’s) are members of that Directorate and are expected to uphold quality. The study investigated on the influence of QASO’s’ instructional supervisory practices on curriculum implementation in public primary schools in Uasin Gishu County in Kenya. The research study adopted a descriptive survey design. Simple random sampling was used to select 10% of the128 public schools in the County. The study sample was composed of 1 Sub-County Quality Assurance and Standards Officer and 6 zonal QASO’s who were purposively selected from each zone in the Sub-County. From the sampled 56 schools, the 56 head teachers were automatically selected and 168 teachers were randomly selected from those schools. Questionnaires were used to gather data from teachers and head teachers. Data was analyzed using SPSS and findings were presented in frequency tables. The study findings established that QASO’s visited other schools once per year but they carried out their assessments in most of the schools once a term. On coordination of cocurricular activities, QASO’s rarely organized or coordinated co-curricular activities. During assessments, QASO’s advised teachers and head teachers on co-curricular activities. The study recommended that QASO’s supervisory visits should be done twice in a term. QASO’s should accord co-curricular activities equal measure of attention during assessment for promotion of all goals of education and development of an all-round individual in the learner.

Carburizing, though a widely used industrial thermo chemical diffusion process, it is associated with the problem of shape and size distortion in the carburized parts.  These distortions are troublesome as they adversely affect the performance of the parts in terms of life, and trouble free operation. The main objective of our present work is to optimize the distortion level, optimum case depth, and surface hardness value of the carburized parts made of EN 353 material. Taguchi’s mixed level series Design of Experiment was selected for optimization.  The significance of our study was that all the three stages of carburizing (Pre carburizing, Carburizing and Post carburizing) were considered for optimization.  An orthogonal array and ANOVA were employed to investigate the influence of major parameters on the three response variables namely Distortion level, Surface hardness and Case depth and optimum conditions were arrived at by applying high penetration depth, high hardness and low distortion are better as the strategies.

Previous studies emphasizing that psychological interventions and pharmacological medications may have a small effect on depressive symptoms in coronary artery patients, and no beneficial effects on reduction of inflammatory markers and mortality rates. Recently there is increasing interest in whether positive psychological states have predictive power over and above depressive symptoms for cardiovascular disease and all-cause mortality. The present study has intended to test and compare the correlation of plasma high sensitivity C-reactive protein and cortisol awakening response’s flexibility with positive psychological states and depression in 54 coronary artery patients. The results of this study indicated that the correlation between high sensitivity C-reactive protein and psychological states only for life satisfaction and subscale of hope "pathways in regard to goals" are significant. Moreover the correlations of cortisol awakening response’s flexibility with happiness, hope and depression were marginally significant. It is possible that directly building the positive psychological states may counteract negative symptoms and may also buffer against their negative biological outcomes.

This paper presents the effect of Treated Domestic Waste water (TDW) and lime dosage on cube compressive strength of cement mortar prepared with ordinary port land cement and Portland pozzolana cement. The treated domestic waste water was used as replacement to portable water in the proportion of 0,25,50,75 and 100%. From all the replacements, 50% TDW is noticed as effective based on cube compressive strength. This replacement was kept constant and the lime is added to the effective replacement of portable water in the proportion of 0 to 30 with an increment of 5% by weight of water. From the results is found that, for OPC and PPC mortars the optimum dosages were noticed as 20 and 25% respectively. To compute compressive strength results for lime based mixes a regression model was developed and it was verified with experimental results.

In this paper, fatigue damage accumulation were studied using three methods i.e. Miner, new non-linear model and experimental method. The prediction of fatigue lifetimes based on Miner method are uneconomic and non-conservative respectively. However satisfactory predictions were obtained by applying the non-linear damage rule (present model) for 5052-H34 aluminum alloy. Many shortcomings of the Miner methods are related to their inability to take into account the surface treatment effect.

The goal of this paper is to design and implementation of wearable device which can be use as a guide to blind people by allowing them to imaging and response to spatial information by using IR transceiver then give an alarm as a vibration to skin by using a mobile vibrator. This vibration is give alarm to blind person to avoid obstacle, its look like sensory appendages of insects. This device can be used instead of dogs or cane to help blind people also it can be used by workers whose work in dangerous construction locations.