Socio-economic services and migrational constraints– a case study from Himalayan foot hill
Like in other developing nations, the hill rural- Terrie urban migration is increasingly becoming a common phenomenon mainly as a direct response to environmental degradation and rural poverty. In this regard, some socio-economic and demographic correlates play a pivotal role in the out-migration of masses from villages. A total of 200 households were survey to know the trend and major Pull and Push factors of community in the region. Under modernized perspectives, the drastic depletion in agriculture land and simultaneously the number of settlement sand population increases in the immigrant village. Thus raising the lower middle and middle class economy much pronounced, to fast out migration from rural hill to foot hill villages of Uttrakhand. The study has estimate the reason of the rural migration from hill area to terrain area of Uttrakhand after separation from Uttrapradesh. The results and people perceptions stated that high migration occurs for quality and sustaining social and economic services in the area. Thus the State and Central Government policy makers, planners and executive agencies has need of mitigate the serious problems and run a parallel programs for development of remote rural area of hill by community appraisals and Public Private Partnership.
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Soybean: An assessment of varieties grown, seed sources and farm-saved seed management practices in Meru South Sub-County, Kenya
Information on soybean varieties grown and seed sources is scanty. Since soybean seed deteriorates rapidly in the tropics; seed management is key to provision of planting material for the subsequent season. The study assessed soybean commonly grown varieties, seed sources and farm-saved-seed management practices in Meru South Sub-county, Kenya. Data was obtained from 308 purposively sampled soybean growing households using a pre-tested questionnaire in February 2013. Data was analyzed using SPSS. The study revealed that; the most commonly grown soybean varieties were Gazelle (82.2%), SB19 (14%), SB3 (1.9%) and SB 13 (1.9%). Due to lack of certified seed, farmers relied mostly on the Ministry of Agriculture (46%), farm saved seeds (25%) and seed exchange (15%). Seed management was poor as it was exposed to field weathering due to late harvesting (76%); mechanical damage by beating with sticks (94%); sun drying (100%); moisture damage by storage mostly in gunny bags (91%) for prolonged periods of up to 9 months before planting and lack of seed treatment (88%) leading to poor seed viability(43%). Therefore limited use of improved varieties, lack of certified seed, poor farm-saved-seed management practices hence poor viability were identified as constraints to soybean cultivation in the study area.
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Spatial differences in the types of local self governance in azerbaijan Republic
Along with the expansion of the municipal structure of the Chairman is elected directly by the local population is of particular importance. At an early stage in order to eliminate the overlap in local governance and territorial representatives of local authorities should be canceled. Experience has shown that the structure of the executive offices of the territorial local authorities so there is no need. In addition to expanding the powers of the municipal authorities to cancel it as soon as possible, to eliminate the overlap in local governancewill have a significant impact. Despite the use of different models of the world (especially in the developed countries) practice municipal associations goal is the same - all members agreed position regarding the formation of local authorities, within the country and abroad to represent the interests of municipalities is one of the main targets of the national assosasiations. Units of local self-government for the first time at the beginning of 70s of the last century Central European countries began to take shape. At a later stage - in the early 90s, similar structures independent Eastern European, Baltic and CIS countries were established.
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Structural investigations and characterization of hexa (diéthanolamino) cyclotriphosphazene induced by an enveremently catalyst layered called Maghnite-H+ (Algerian MMT) under suitable condition
Cyclotriphosphazenes are prominent inorganic N-heterocycles.They consist of six-membered ring structures of alternating phosphorus and nitrogen atoms. The tetravalent phosphorus atoms carry two exocyclic substituents, which can be widely varied enabling fine-tuning of the size and shape of the molecular periphery. This study involved the synthesis and characterization of hexa (diethanolamino) cyclotriphosphazene by an enveremently and friendly system catalyst consist of clay layered called Maghnite-H+ (Algerian MMT) and diethyl ether. The effect of different synthesis parameters such as amount of catalyst, effect of time, temperature and solvent are discussed.
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Study on the interaction between a luminescent metal-ligand probe and bovine serum albumin by fluorescence spectroscopy
The interaction between a luminescent metal-ligand probe, [Ru(dpp)3]2+ (dpp = 4,7- diphenyl-1,10- phenanthroline disulphonic acid) with bovine serum albumin(BSA) was investigated by means of absorption and fluorescence spectroscopy. The fluorescence of BSA was quenched by the ruthenium (??) complexes and the quenching mechanism was considered as static by forming a complex. The association constant Kb and the number of binding sites, n were calculated using the modified Stern Volmer equation. The fluorescence of the metal complex is highly enhanced by the addition of BSA. In addition, the results of synchronous fluorescence spectra showed that binding of the metal probe with the BSA induce conformational changes in BSA. The fluorescent enhancement of the system is found to be originated from the hydrophobic microenvironment provided by BSA.
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Synthesis of Zeolite A from Nigerian Ahoko Kaolin and its Functionalization for Adsorption studies of Methylene Blue
The Synthesis and functionalization of Zeolite A from Nigerian Ahoko Kaolin for adsorption studies of Methylene blue (MB) was studied in this paper. Zeolite A was successfully synthesised from metakaolin earlier developed from refined kaolin using conventional hydrothermal method. The synthesised zeolite A was thereafter functionalized using Hexamethyltetraamine (HMTA) and characterized. The effect of initial concentration, adsorbate dosage, pH, temperature and contact time were studied in a batch adsorption system for both unfunctionalized zeolite (UFZA) and functionalized zeolite A (FZA) under the following condition of initial concentration of 100 mg/l, temperature of 303 K, and pH of 7. The adsorption rate increases with increase pH, temperature, initial concentration but decrease with adsorbent dosage for both UFZA and FZA. Langmuir, Feundlich and temkim isothermal were also investigated and was found out that Langmuir isotherm is the most suitable. The pseudo–first order and pseudo-second order kinetic equation were evaluated and adsorption of MB onto UFZA and FZA followed the later. The thermodynamic studies indicate that adsorption of MB onto UFZA and FZA are spontaneous and endothermic reaction.
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The concept of place attachment in environmental psychology
Studying feelings and emotions that people develop towards places is getting increased attention, while the concept of place attachment lies at the heart of these studies. This concept is sited within the realm of environmental meaning and association. Place attachment usually is described as a connection that occurs between people and their meaningful settings. This paper will review and analyze the existing seminal literature in place attachment as one of the prevailing concepts among place-based researches. Considering dimensions of place attachment has always been beneficial for investigating the factors that influence people-place relationships. Therefore, in this paper first the concept of place attachment and its characteristics will be examined afterward the psychological dimensions of place attachment will be reviewed and finally methods to measure Place attachment will be described.
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The effects of distributed generation in the Nigerian north east zone
The effects of distributed generation in the Nigerian North East zone is discussed in this paper. DG capacity installation in the power system was modelled using NEPLAN software. Network loss reduction, reduction in transmission line losses and congestion as well as voltage profile improvement for the nodes of the network were some of the observed advantages in the results.
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The Influence of Motivation towards Academic Achievement among Gifted Students in Saudi Arabia
This research examines the influence of motivation towards academic achievement among gifted students in Saudi Arabia. The discussion in the study is base on the theoretical framework of the emotional intelligence Theory Goleman’s (1995), the Mayer and Salovey Model (1995) and achievement motivation Theory. These theories are appropriate for the study because they allow the reader to understand how academic achievement is significantly influenced by motivation among gifted students in Saudi Arabia.
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