Archives-December 

Teenagers in India, like many others on the globe, are likely to be at risk for contracting HIV through unprotected sexual intercourse. Yet the issue of how to help youth avoid risky sexual behavior through family communication / education on HIV/AIDS is still of serious arguments within the society. This paper studies the practice of open family discussion on HIV/AIDS among secondary school students. The research is descriptive using 480 secondary school students selected by multi-stage random sampling. The semi-structured questionnaire is used to collect relevant data. Only 50 (11%) reported family as the first source of information. However, most of the students 360 (79.7%) had open family discussion on HIV/AIDS with their family members. The study reveals there is a gender difference in practice of family discussion. Significantly higher proportion of the female students had family discussion as compare to their male counterparts. The educational status of the parents determines whether a student had family interaction on HIV/AIDS. As in the studied population it is observed that there is considerable level of family discussion this could be considered to encourage further family members.

The problem of identifying approximately duplicate records in databases is an essential step for data cleaning and data integration processes. In the real world, entities have two or more representations in databases. Errors are introduced as the result of transcription errors, incomplete information, lack of standard formats, or any combination of these factors. Most of the existing approach has been depend on the generic or manual intervention is required to calculate the edit distance. None of the existing approach hasn’t focus on how many individual operations required for edit distance calculation, existing relied on total operation. In this paper, we present a thorough analysis of the literature on edit distance for duplicate detection. We cover similarity metrics that are commonly used to detect number of individual operation required to find a duplicate record, which includes the total required edit operation.

The potential use of Aleppo pine (Pinus halepensis Mill.), a lignocellulosic-based fiber found in discontinuous bands along the Mediterranean Basin, for the removal of a basic cationic dye: Methylene blue (MB) was investigated by adsorption in batch mode. In order to investigate the mechanism of dye sorption and potential rate controlling steps, pseudo first-order, pseudo second-order and intra-particle diffusion models equations have been used to test experimental data. Kinetic analysis of models has been carried out for initial MB dye concentration in the range of 20-100 mg/L. The rate constants models have been determined and the correlation coefficients have been calculated in order to assess which model provides the best fit predicted data with experimental results. The results showed that pseudo second-order equations model provide the best fit to experimental data for different initial MB dye concentrations implying that chemisorption mechanism may play an important role for the adsorption of dye onto Aleppo pine fibers. The results indicate also that Aleppo pine fibers adsorb Methylene blue efficiently and could be employed as a low-cost alternative in textile wastewater treatment for the removal of cationic dyes.

Assessing the requirements of using the mechanisms of power transition from state to citizens and introducing the implication of such process is the focus of current paper. It believes that in addition to theoretical justifications, power transition is necessary based pragmatic considerations. It is for the same reason that law and politics philosophers acknowledge the necessity of public administration and the realization of resilient and citizen – based state in their synchronized orientations toward today contingencies of humanistic laws. Thus, in the format of present paper, the necessity of power transition is initially studied and then peaceful and democratic techniques of power transition for state to citizens are introduced and, ultimately, the legal implications of power transition are identified in the framework of local and global legal evidences in order to confirm research hypothesis.

The paper aims at assessing cost of governance and revenue assurance mechanisms. The methodology adopted by the paper involves the use of quantitative data for 9 years, from 2002 to 2010, which was generated from the annual report and accounts of the Central Bank of Iran. The data generated for the study was analyzed using graphs and simple percentage analysis. The finding of the paper shows that Cost of governance at state level has greatly increased in Iran. Similarly, the trend of Extra-Budgetary Expenditure put to question the implementation of budgets at the States. The paper concludes that the task of reducing cost of governance for revenue assurance at states level does not rest on the executive, legislature and judiciary alone. It is task demanding the collective effort of all stakeholders. Finally, the paper recommends that there is the need to reduce recurrent expenditure to sustainable level through reducing waste, inefficiency, corruption and duplication in government, as well as, make capital spending more effective.

The goal of this research is to discover the most appropriate approach for finding the reflection and transmission coefficients of the dominant mode scattering by a circular dielectric/ferrite cylindrical post in a rectangular waveguide and to generalize this approach so that it can be applied to the case of the layered posts as well. Microwave waveguide post filters are practically useful and the procedure of filter synthesis using dielectric/ferrite posts requires a solution to the inverse scattering problem. Typically, an algorithm for solving the inverse scattering problem requires a lot of computation time, because in each iteration it has to solve a number of forward problems. To speed up a process of a solution of the inverse problem it is required to find an approach that provides the small computation time. The problem can be solved by using some flexible methods, such as finite element method, finite difference method and finite difference method in the time domain [1] or software based on these methods such as HFSS or Ansys. Despite great flexibility of these methods, they, require a great amount of computation time. Using some geometrical properties that reduce computational effort by solving a part of problem by analytical means or at least by converting a problem to its simpler equivalent it is possible to reduce numerical effort considerably.

The statins (or HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors) along with other drugs, such as cholestyramine (Questran), comprise the class of hypolipidemic drugs. Hypolipidemic drugs are prescribed - sometimes aggressively so - to lower cholesterol levels in people with or at risk of cardiovascular disease and certain inflammatory diseases such as sarcoidosis. Statins are prescribed even though their full mechanisms of action remain unclear. One strong possibility is that statins exert their effects via the body's nuclear receptors, which are intricately connected to innate immune function. The statins have a range of documented negative effects, some of which may be immunopathological. Because statins may interfere with the Marshall Protocol, these drugs are contraindicated. Statins interfere with the actions of Olmesartan, as they are a very similar molecule, and compete with Olmesartan for many of Olmesartan's molecular binding sites. The actions of statins on the Nuclear Receptors are therefore competitive with Olmesartan, as they reduce or negate Olmesartan's therapeutic activities.

Sport accidents are very common for children and adolescents. They are among the most frequent traumas that occur in domestic and road accidents. They mainly concern the growth plate and the epiphyseal detachments. Among the avulsion fractures of the apophyses of the pelvis, it is very important to cite those of the anterior inferior iliac spine. Although they are rare, they occur most often for adolescents during sport activities. However, they are quite exceptional for adults. In the case of a 14-year-old adolescent with recent basal trauma happening during a soccer game, there was an inguinal pain and functional impairment of the lower limb. The clinical examination found a pain in the mobilization of the right hip in extension. The standard radiograph of the pelvis showed an avulsion fracture of the anterior inferior iliac spine. The patient was treated orthopedically with a rest and discharged from the traumatized lower limb. It has been noticed the disappearance of the pain in a few weeks later and then resumption of the sport activity for six months. During the observation, all attention of the team was centered on this type of specific fracture of the child and the adolescent athlete both diagnosed and how an early and adapted treatment of growth apophysitis helps prevent its occurrence.

Diabetes is a common illness, according to the unique assessments of ayurvedic concepts diabetes is the disease which occurs when toxins get accumulated in the tissue and result in circulation blockage. The various root causes of diabetes that ayurveda enlists are poor nutrition and poor digestion, inequity of nervous system, physical and mental stress, and disturbance in natural biological cycle. Many traditional medical systems have developed strategies to treat this condition. The alternative therapy most commonly used to treat diabetes is herbal therapy, which therefore become the primary focus of this review. The objective of this article is to conduct a search of the published literature on the use of Ayurvedic medicines for the treatment of diabetes mellitus. A broad search of Ayurvedic medicines showed that there was sufficient literature to support a systematic review of the use of Ayurvedic plants for the treatment of diabetes.

Isabel Allende is known to be one of the most expressive writers of the Latin American world. All her novels are a reflection of herself. In each novel we find a spirit of innovation and renewal. This research paper is carried out on her first novel The House of Spirits (1982).it focuses on the autobiographical element of the novel. The introduction will introduce the writer and the topic as well. This research will focus on the contextual evidence of her autobiography. The main focus will be her biography. The framework that the researcher has chosen will be Renza’s essay A Veto of Imagination: The Theory of Autobiography(1972). The researcher will look into his 3 modes of autobiography and the correlation of ideology with autobiography. The content analysis will focus on the events and characters of the novel that have been extracted from Allende’s life. The conclusion shows how such expression has helped Allende grow as a writer.