Archives-December 

Dal Lake, situated in the heart of Srinagar city in India is under tremendous anthropogenic pressure. This study was conducted to determine physico-chemical water quality parameters for the Hazaratbal basin of the Dal lake. Water quality was surveyed from May 2013 to August 2013 at three different sites which were located on the Hazaratbal basin. There were two types of data obtained from the lake water quality sampling exercise, i.e in-situ and laboratory analyses data. A total of seven water quality parameters namely pH, Electrical Conductivity (EC),Salinity, Dissolved Oxygen (DO), Turbidity, Air temperature and Water temperature were measured at the sampling sites. While for laboratory analysis, there were fourteen parameters namely Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD), Total Dissolved Salts (TDS), Free Carbon-dioxide, Acidity, Nitrite, Phosphate, Sulphate, Colour, Total Hardness, Alkalinity, Chloride, Calcium and Magnesium ion concentration. Monthly changes in various physical and chemical parameters were analyzed.

Myoepithelioma is a rare benign tumor of the salivary glands, considered a variety of pleomorphic adenoma, the palatal location of which is most common in the oral cavity. Our work reports a case of a myoepithelioma of the accessory palatine salivary glands in a 63-year-old man, clinically he presented a lobulated, firm palatal swelling covered with a healthy mucosa. The diagnosis was based on clinical and pathological arguments. The interest of imaging lies in the appreciation of the extension of the tumor process to the mucosa and to deep tissues. Tumor excision must be large to avoid the risk of recurrence and malignant transformation. Through this observation and in the light of the literature we will focus on the anatomo-clinical aspects.

Mangrove plants and their associated micro fauna have been a rich source of bioactive secondary metabolites, though only limited antimicrobial screening of this chemo-diversity source has been reported. In this study, unidentified endophytic fungi BBMS and BBMAV were isolate from the bark of black mangroves obtained from the coastal forest of Ayensu estuary. The endophytes were cultured in static medium made of 3%(w/v) malt concentrate and 6%(w/v) glucose in distilled water. The fungi were cultured for 8 weeks and harvested. Ethyl acetate extraction of the filtrate followed by drying on a rotary evaporator afforded 1.20 g and 1.05 g of BBMS and BBMAS respectively. TLC studies and GC-MS analysis indicated that the extracts contained interesting secondary metabolites. A bioassay of the extracts was carried out on human pathogen and cocoa infesting microbes. The bioassay results indicated that the extracts were active against all the test organisms. ABTS and DDPH free radicals scavenging activities were also tested with the extracts. The results indicate that the extracts of the fungal isolates exhibited high potency of antioxidant activity.

Uzeeba Shale is investigated for the first time for palynological content in order to determine its geological age and suggest its lithological equivalent. This is based on the recovery of miospores through laboratory processes that involved digestion, maceral floatation and mounting of the organic matter on slides for analysis under the microscope. However, the occurrences of index fossils that are stratigraphically important were used for dating of the Uzeeba sequence. The shale is generally light to dark grey in color and fissile in nature. An informal zone Milfordia jardinei/Foveotriletes margaritae assemblage zone is established for the studied section. The lower part of the outcrop section is dated Campanian based on the co-occurrence of Milfordia jardinei, Milfordia sp, Cupanieidites reticularis, Tetradites sp and quantitative occurrence of monocolpate pollen; while the upper lithofacies segment is assigned Lowermost Maastrichtian age based on the co-occurrence of Proteacidites sp, Retidiporites magdalenensis, low frequency of Monocolpites marginatus, Ctenolophonidites costatus, Longapertites marginatus, Periretisyncolpiyes sp, Syncolporites sp, Proxapertites cursus, and Constructipollenites ineffectus. Some of the forms that are diagnostic of Maastrichtian are found to have evolved in Campanian time. The Uzeeba Shale is laterally equivalent to Nkporo Shale lying in the adjacent Anambra Basin based on lithology, palynofacies and age. Thus, the Uzeeba Shale is here dated Campanian–Lowermost Maastrichtian age. The paleoenvironment of deposition of the Uzeeba Shale is mainly marginal marine characterized by co-occurrence of dinoflagellate cysts such as Phelodinium bolonienae, Senegalinium sp, Paleocysttodinium golzownse, microforaminiferal wall lining and Botryococcus braunii which are known to be environmentally significant for transitional environment.

Bone metastases from cervical cancer are rarely seen, their frequency is rarely observed, their frequency is estimated to average 3-4% of bone metastases. The most common locations of these metastases are in the spine and pelvis. We report the observation of a 51-year-old patient treated in 2015 for stage IIIa cervical cancer with chemo-radiotherapy combination. Six years later, she was admitted for low back pain. A thoracoabdomino-pelvic CT scan was performed objectifying a lytic tissue mass of the vertebral body and posterior arch of 3rd lumbar vertebra with endocanal extension. The patient underwent a bone biopsy, the histological study of which confirmed the epidermoid nature of a carcinomatous proliferation of cervico-uterine origin given the context. The originality of this observation lies in the bone location of these metastases and the interest of the CT scan in the diagnosis, as well as in the delay between the complete remission and the appearance of the bone lesion. The occurrence of bone metastases during cervical cancer has a very poor prognosis.

Described for the first time by Wade and Kopf in 1978, The Bowenoid papulosis is a vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia of high grade, due to an infection of oncogenic HPV. This affection affects essentially the young adult with a mean age of 30 years. The classic clinical aspect is a pigmented or pinkish papule, but it can also be polymorphic, often multifocal, which could affect the perineal and perianal areas.The evolution is often mild with a possibility of spontaneous regression, but there is a probability of a transformation into an invasive carcinoma especially by the immunosuppressed. The treatment is essentially conservative by local destruction of the lesions.We report the case of a female patient of 31 years, without pathological individual history, and who presented papular isolated vulvar lesions for which she presented for consultation of Maternity Souissi, University Hospital Ibn Sina, Rabat.

The cervical cancer is the most common gynecological malignancy in the world, its incidence is greatly reduced thanks to screening methods. The Pelvic organ prolapse increases with age, obesity, and parity. The Cervical cancer complicating uterine procidence is a rare event and requires a multidisciplinary approach

This paper presents the challenges facing procurement committees in secondary schools in Kisii County in the implementation of the public procurement Act of 2005 in the procurement of goods and services used in secondary schools in Kenya, in response to both domestic and international pressures, the secondary schools committees have recently undertaken important initiatives to make their public procurement systems more efficient and transparent in line with the public procurement and disposal Act of 2005. A cross-sectional survey was used, with the sampling frame comprising members of the secondary Procurement committees in Kisii County. Sets of both pre-tested structured and unstructured questionnaires were used to interview a random sample (82) of the Procurement committee members derived using the formula of Israel (1992) of known target population, N. The data was analyzed with the aid of the SPSS (Version 11.5) computer software and presented in form of descriptive tabular summaries. The study finding indicated that the experience with the reforms has been quite varied. There is an urgent need for strengthening institutions involved in public procurement, as these institutions tend to lack technical capabilities and experience external influences. The paper concludes by emphasizing that there are certain imperatives for the development of an effective procurement system. These are: strengthening the democratic political process, and public accountability; creating real market conditions; and improving work ethics in which public good is valued more than individual.

The application of 20t/ha OF in each treatment supplemented with FE, in different frequencies of application resulted to higher yield as compared with control. Also, continued application of solid organic fertilizer in the soil, markedly improved all the soil properties after each cropping. Labor cost in land preparation and weeding were also reduced in different treatments with 20 t/ha + FE frequency. FE supplementation to organic solid fertilizer relatively reduced insect pest population and incidence of diseases

A diabetic foot ulcer is one of the leading causes of the hospitalization among diabetic patients. This study was conducted to know the clinical and sensitivity profile of diabetic foot ulcer patients. Total 134 pus samples were collected from patients having diabetic foot ulcer. Samples were processed as per standard guidelines. All the pus samples yielded growth of organisms making total of 148 isolates. Out of 148 bacterial isolates, 85 were gram negative bacilli and 58 were gram positive cocci. In gram positive organism Staphylococcus aureus (17%) was the predominant isolate followed by CONS (12%), while Escherichia coli (20%) was the predominant isolate followed by Pseudomonas spp., (18%) in gram negative organism. The Gram negative bacteria showed good activity against amikacin, cefotaxime, ceftazidime, ceftriaxone, gentamicin and imipenem. E. coli, Klebsiella spp., and Proteus spp., showed 55.5% to 100% resistance to amoxyclav and ampicillin. Pseudomonas spp., showed 100% resistance to ampicillin and 96.2% to amoxyclav. All the Gram-positive bacteria showed good sensitivity to most of the antibiotics. It showed good sensitivity for amikacin, gentamycin, amoxyclav, ofloxacin, ciprofloxacin and vancomycin. E. coli, Pseudomonas spp., and Staphylococcus aureus were the most common cause of infections. Most isolates were multi-drug resistance.