Archives-December 

Improving distribution systems performance has become a significant issue as a result of large increase in electrical power consumption during recent years. The system operators aim to enhance efficiency of the distribution system in both dynamic and static modes. While DFACTS has commonly been employed to promote distribution systems capability in dynamic mode, this paper proposes a new static technique based on using interline dynamic voltage restorer (IDVR) to make a virtual smooth load duration curve for the adjacent loads having different load curves. Such a technique can be used for peak shaving and help the operator postpones the system expansion necessity. Furthermore, as a result of virtual smoothing load duration curve, voltage security margin and system reliability which are two important topics in static performance of the distribution systems will be enhanced. The simulation results demonstrate the suitability of the proposed technique.

In this analysis, the viscous dissipation and heat source effects on free convective boundary layer slip flow due to induced magnetic field is studied. The governing partial differential equations are converted into ordinary differential equations by using the similarity transformations. In which the coupled non linear differential equations are solved by using regular perturbation technique. The effects of various parameters on the velocity, temperature, induced magnetic field and also the local skin friction, the rate of heat transfer are presented through graphically and tabulated values in detailed.

This paper describes the method for solving vibration problem of ring shaped electro–magneto -elastic plate of polygonal (Triangle, Square, Pentagon and Hexagon) cross-sections using Fourier Expansion Collocation Method. A mathematical model is developed to study the wave propagation in a electro-magneto-elastic plate of polygonal cross-sections using the theory of elasticity. The frequency equations are obtained from the arbitrary cross sectional boundary conditions, since the boundary is irregular in shape; it is difficult to satisfy the boundary conditions along the inner and outer surface of the plate directly. Hence, the Fourier Expansion Collocation Method is applied along the boundary to satisfy the boundary conditions. The roots of the frequency equations are obtained by using the secant method, applicable for complex roots. The computed non-dimensional frequencies are plotted in the form of dispersion curves and its characteristics are discussed. The problem may be extended to any kinds of cross-sections by using the proper geometrical relations.

Relationship between microfinance and economic growth has been a major concern for the policymakers of developing countries and focal point of economists to eradicate poverty, empower poor people and produce employment opportunities. This research applies OLS method to trace the impact of microfinance on economic growth in Pakistan.Variables of the study are active borrowers, active savers, active insured persons, borrowing, saving and insurance amount from microfinance institutions. Active borrowers and borrowing amount have highly significant positive relationship with economic growth of Pakistan. Active savers and saving amount have highly significant negative relationship with economic growth whereas insurance policyholders and insurance amount have no relationship. Government should not only increase outreach of microfinance but also devises a mechanism, which cannot only channelize the funds efficientlybut also avoid non-performing loans. Government should also provide some tax rebate or concession to microfinance and microcredit agencies so that maximum amount can be channelized towards economyin order to get long-run results.

Modern semiconductor switching devices are being utilized more and more in a wide range of applications These power electronics devices offer economical and reliable solutions to better manage and control the use of electric energy. However, the characteristics of most power electronics circuits, those semiconductor devices present nonlinear operational characteristics, which introduce contamination to voltage and current waveforms at the point of common coupling (PCC) of industrial loads. These devices, aggregated in thousands, have become the main polluters, the main distorters, of the modern power systems. At the Same time rapid development of semiconductor devices in power and control circuits, a new generation of equipments that help maintaining a good level of power quality, namely active power filters, has been developed. Theirs advantages over conventional means are more flexibility and very fast control response. The paper aim is to present the actual Power Quality Problems and solutions by active filters based on state-of-the-art power electronics technology and also their future prospects and directions.

Urbanization Growth in the world and our country has been reached to the extent that in most of countries amongst our country nearly 70 percent of people live in cities and this matter make urban managers determined to study the urban issues with planning and providence. Attention to environmental and human health, and all creatures on earth is one of fundamental principles in survival and life of God given gifts that are widely available to us, environment, pollution control including solid waste forms an important part of this task that according to the principles and norms of economic health is allocated special place in new Science and Technology. Attention to community health and preventive aspects of health compliance. Garbage management is concerned with managing garbage separately that is not mixing up the dry waste with the wet, not collecting the recyclable and non-recyclable together this could lead to many problems. A very simple example is plastic bags if present in the waste used for composting would cause a lot of problems as it would not turn into soil but would remain there for years. This study is intended to have Look at Waste Management in Iran.

The major purpose of this study is to analyze consumer’s usage behaviour towards smart phone in Indian market by finding the factors which influence consumer of smart phone purchase. The result in this study showed that branding, product design, product performance and price have the influence on people’s buying decision process. The consumers are buying a variety of mobile phones which satisfy their wants. Consumers are always influenced by their purchasing activities by some considerations for selecting a particular brand. 

Wavelet is a recently developed mathematical tool for many problems related to science and engineering. Wavelet also applied in numerical analysis and estimation. In this paper, A survey of Haar wavelet methods to solve PDEs is presented. Moreover, the use of Haar wavelets is found to be accurate, simple, fast, flexible, convenient, computationally attractive.

Background: Although well-defined principals of rational antibiotic use are available, inappropriate prescribing patterns are reported worldwide. Accurate information on the usage of antimicrobials, including factors associated with and influencing their use, is valuable for improving the quality of prescription practice. In this survey study, some data about the prescribers' knowledge and attitude about antibiotic use was addressed. Method: A total of 250 questionnaires were distributed randomly to house staff physicians working in different hospitals in Khartoum state during Jan to Feb 2010. Results: 43.6% of respondents prescribed antibiotics according to guidelines, and only 59 (32.6%) refer to BNF or SNF. More than half of participants prescribed antibiotics with their trade and generic names. Ciprofloxacin is the most frequent antibiotic prescribed at different specialties. Conclusion: that a variety of complex reasons govern the attitudes of antibiotics. Inadequate recognition of the infectious agent is the main reason of irrational antibiotic prescribing. Amoxicillin is the most antibiotic prescribed empirically.

Partition, one of the most glaring phenomena in the history of the Indian subcontinent that led to the loss of lives and homes is the concern of many sensitive writers. The Paper attempts to analyze and compare the works of two such writers who were participant, sufferers and delineators of this event. Though written in two different languages, both these novels explore the difference made by partition in the lives of innumerable people who got uprooted or killed in the riots where law and administration failed miserably. The writers describe event from their own vantage point which help us in understanding this ghastly happening even better.