Archives-December 

This Article introduces the basic concepts, terminology, goals and procedures underlying the proper statistical design of experiment. This section describes in detail the process of choosing an experimental design. The choice of design in agricultural field experiments depends on the objectives of the experiment and the number of factors to be investigated.

The aim of this study was firstly to compare between different gelling agents for its drug release characteristics, and viscosity and Secondly, to investigate the effect of presence of PluronicF127 on drug release and viscosity of different gelling agents. Topical gel formulations of Ibuprofen were prepared by using Carbopol 934, Carbopol 940, HPMC, Sepineo, Sodium Carboxymethylcellulose (NaCMC) and Hydroxyethylcellulose (HEC) polymer as a gel-forming material that is biocompatible and biodegradable. The skin permeation enhancer used was Menthol. Permeation studies were carried out in-vitro using Cellophane Membrane. In-vitro diffusion study showed that diffusion studies of formulation F6 and marketed gel was comparable. The in-vitro study also reveals that addition of Pluronic F127 results in increase in viscosity of gel which further sustains the drug release. Results shows that as concentration of gelling agent increases viscosity increases and drug release decreases.

This research, provided a proper procedure in order to build up an IT service management Model with the goal of developing a convenient model for the optimized deployment of the IT services in the smart schools plan imposed for the country. To achieve this goal, first, IT service management (ITSM) in general and IBM model in particular are introduced, Later on a generic model is presented for IT service management base on extraction and mapping among IBM model processes and IT services of the smart schools. Finally sample scenarios on administrative components are defined in the line of the strategic plans in order to analyze and evaluate the implementation of the proposed model.

In this study, the optimized geometries, electronic structures, polarizability, hyper polarizability and dipole moment of the chosen (E)-3-(5-(anthracen-3-yl)-hexahydrothieno[3,4-b][1,4]dioxin-7-yl)-2-cyanoacrylic acid (E-3-2- CYANOACRYLIC ACID) dye sensitizer has been analyzed by using Density Functional Theory (DFT) and Time Dependent Density Functional Theory (TD-DFT) calculations (based on hybrid functional B3LYP). The HOMO and LUMO energies of the dye (E-3-2- CYANOACRYLIC ACID) are -4.84 and -2.22 eV respectively based on DFT calculations. To understand the conversion efficiency of the chosen dye architecture unit we selected TiO2 as a model for semiconductor. Results reveal that the selected dye sensitizer exhibits large dipole moment difference between the ground and excited state which is comparable to that of metal based dye sensitizers. Results concluded that intramolecular energy transfer is occurring in (E-3-2- CYANOACRYLIC ACID) and further the large dipole moment would be expected to give high photo-current conversion efficiency in practical Dye sensitizer solar cells (DSSC) besides promising candidate as a sensitizer for DSSC applications.

This study highlights the impact of recycled sugar factory effluent on the digestive enzymes of fish. The need for this task arises from the trend of releasing the untreated effluent into the aquatic body. The bioassays conducted separately with the raw and recycled sugarfactory effluent against the fish,Catla catla. This study exposed that quantum of decrease in the digestive enzyme level in the fish exposed to the highest concentration of raw sugar factory effluent is more when compared to that of fish treated in the recycled sugar factory effluent. The reuse of recycled sugar factory effluent is highly recommended for aquaculture through this study.

In this paper we have extended generalized finite Hankel transform in [2] with the use of Zemanian’s technique related to the transformations arising from orthonormal series expansions (see [6]). Inversion formula, characterization theorem and application of differential operator in solving certain type of differential equations have been established.

We are very happy to announce that from 21st February 2011, Dr.Aini Mat Said has joined the team of Elixir Editorial Advisory Board. He will carry a special responsibility for dealing with manuscripts based on the Resource Management and Consumer Studies Faculty of Human Ecology. Dr.Aini Mat Said is currently working Department of Resource Management and Consumer Studies Faculty of Human Ecology, Universiti Putra,Malaysia 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor Malaysia. The appointment of Dr.Aini Mat Said as member Editorial Advisory Board strengthens the links with Iran and will make it easier for prospective authors to establish contact with the journal. Please send any expressions of interest to chiefeditor@elixirjournal.org. Sincerely Editor-in-Chief

The effect of dried grain final moisture content on breaking force and milling properties of paddy and brown rice were studied. Results revealed that the breaking force decreased significantly (P<0.01) from 146.66 to 113.51 N, 150.49 to 101.93 N and 150.31 to 113.86 N for Hashemi, Kadous and Khazar, respectively, as the moisture content increased from 6 to 12 %(w.b.). In case of brown rice, the similar trend were observed such that at the same moisture range, the breaking force decreased from 93.18 to 79.32 N, 93.4 to 82.06 N and 104.4 to 83.64 N for Hashemi, Kadous and Khazar, respectively. The maximum and minimum head rice yield (HRY) of 80.13 and 73.76 % were obtained at moisture content of 6 and 12 % respectively. There was an incremental trend in the values of head brown rice yield (HBRY) and milling recovery with decreasing dried final moisture content.

Electric discharge machine (EDM) is a modern machining process with various advantages, as a result of which, its use is becoming more and more widespread.Thispaperconcernswith the influence of EDM input parameters (type of electrodes, peak current, pulse-on time and powder mixing concentration) on the induced surface residual stresses. The silicon carbide powder is mixed with the kerosene dielectric in powder mixing EDM (PMEDM) process. The experimental work was designed by using the response surface methodology (RSM). The analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used and regression models were built to predict the surface residual stresses as a response of the process for AISI D2 die steel.Empirical equationswereobtained for predicting the performance of the process.Two type of electrodes were used, the copper and graphite electrodes.The results showed that the minimum tensile surface residual stresses obtained when using the copper electrodeswith pulse current (22 A) and pulse on duration (120 µs). It is concluded that the use of graphite electrodes and kerosene dielectric alone induced minimum residual stresses with pulse current (22 A) and pulse on duration (40 µs) and with(120 µs) when using the kerosene dielectric with SiC powder mixing. The copper electrodes with kerosene dielectric alone induced residual stresses about (5%) lower than when using kerosene dielectric with 5g/l SiC powder and about (14%) lower than with graphite electrodes and (8%) when using the kerosene dielectric alone and with SiC powder, respectively.

The study was conducted to study the effects of the use of pieces of rubber as a partial substitute in bitumen flexible pave ACW 14. Bitumen is one of the binder materials used in construction of roads and pave has increased prices and costs to achieve it. As a result of increasing economic and traffic load, road bitumen structure designed should have the durability and capability services play a key role in the communication network, the most important. Objective of this study is to reduce the quantity of bitumen used and replaced with pieces of rubber. Therefore, many efforts have been undertaken to improve the quality of the existing bitumen. In this study, modified bitumen grade 80/100 pricking is done with the addition of various pieces of rubber per cent content. Percentage of rubber used is 0%, 3%, 6%, 9%, 12% and 15% of the total amount of bitumen used. ACW 14 mixes compacted with mechanical junkie and tested values Marshall Stability. Potential ACW 14 modified with a mixture of rubber elasticity modulus obtained by studying, scorching and Maximum Load and then compared with the control capabilities through a mixture of ACW 14 Indirect Tensile Test. Once the three parameters were studied, the percentage of rubber content can be determined that the optimal content of 12% rubber. Based on studies conducted, it found pieces of rubber bitumen ability to increase capacity by an increasing in the occurrence of Blowing Point Temperature Index and pricking of altered samples. It also can decrease the value of pricking. In addition the ability of a mixture of slip resistance also showed good results through the slip resistance test. Overall analysis carried out shows, the addition of pieces of rubber in the mixture can enhance the capability of the mixture 14 as ACW pave flexible.