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Computational chemistry is rapidly emerging as a new branch of chemistry. It is basically the application of chemical, mathematical, and information technology principles to the solution of complex chemical problems. It uses computers to the 3-dimensional structures and key properties of molecules and materials. This information can provide critical insight and better mechanistic understanding of complex chemical systems, leading to discovery and development new materials with superior properties. Computational chemistry is widely used in many multidisciplinary fields with applications in chemistry, biology, and material science. This paper provides a brief introduction to computational chemistry.

Cystic dilatation of the bile ducts is a rare congenital malformation. It’s due to an abnormality of the biliopancreatic junction involving the extra and intrahepatic bile ducts. It’s the second leading cause of congenital disabilities of the bile ducts after atresia. According to Todani, several types depending on the site, shape, and distribution of the malformation. It’s evoked in front of the inconstant clinical triad: pain, jaundice, and mass. Ultrasound and better sectional imaging confirm the diagnosis. Surgical excision is the treatment of choice to prevent malignant degeneration of the cyst wall and bile ducts.

In this study, the evaluation of moisture and mass transport parameters of hot air drying of tomato slices was investigated at air temperatures of 60°C, 80°C, 100°C and 120°C for samples of 3 to 11 mm thickness using a convective air dryer. Using the experimental data, the objective of this study is to determine the transport parameters (lag factor, drying constants, moisture diffusivities and convective mass transfer coefficient) for tomato slices subjected to convection drying. The analysed drying data were obtained in the period of decreasing drying rate. Regarding the results of moisture and mass transport parameters, the drying coefficient of tomato varied from 3.83×10-5 s-1 to 3.067×10-4 s-1 under our air-drying conditions. The lag factor of tomato slices ranged from 1.0791 to 1.1070. The mass Biot number values for tomato slices were in the range of 0.5586 to 0.9379. The effective moisture diffusivity for tomato slices ranged from 3.90×10-10 to 1.06×10-8 m2/s, for our drying conditions. The convective mass transfer coefficient values for tomato slices were in the range of 2.98×10-7 to 1.04×10-6 m/s. The activation energy for moisture diffusion was 28.203 kJ/mol, 27.488 kJ/mol, 29.433 kJ/mol, 31.844 kJ/mol and 32.668 kJ/mol, respectively for tomato thicknesses of 3 mm, 5 mm, 7 mm, 9 mm and 11 mm. For the same tomato thicknesses of 3 mm, 5 mm, 7 mm, 9 mm and 11 mm, the activation energy for convective mass transfer was 36.717 kJ/mol, 35.977 kJ/mol, 38.047 kJ/mol, 40.550 kJ/mol and 41.206 kJ/mol, respectively.

Corporate social responsibility encompasses a wide range of issues ranging from business ethics, corporate governance, and socially responsible business practice to environmental sustainability and community engagement. CSR is an idea whereby companies integrate their social and environmental commitment in line with their economic development within an interaction with stakeholders. Company committed on improving the quality of life of its workforce as well as local community and society in general. The issue of CSR is gaining interest around the world since 1950’s, where academicians and practitioners have been consolidating the research in this area. In Malaysia, CSR issues recently begin applied and measured by companies. This paper analyzes the evolution of the CSR concept and presenting various definitions from literature together with Malaysian banking institutions definitions. This article aims to shed some light on the how banking institution in Malaysia defines CSR and perform their CSR activities.

The corrosion inhibition of tin by Phyllanthus niruri extract in different solutions of HCl (1N, 2N, 3N) and H2SO4 (1N, 2N, 3N) was investigated by weight loss and thermometric methods at 301K temperature. From the study it was found that the inhibition efficiency increases with the increase in the concentration of extract in HCl and H2SO4 solutions. Results indicate that Phyllanthus niruri extract was an efficient natural corrosion inhibitor in acidic media. The stem extract of the Phyllanthus niruri is better than leave extract of the plant. Absorption of Phyllanthus niruri depends on its chemical compositions which showed the presence of various compounds like alkaloids, flavanoids, steroids, tannins etc. which has O, N and S atoms with lone pair electrons to form co-ordinate bonding with metal.

The dedifferentiated liposarcoma of the spermatic cord is a rare tumor, and the epididymal localization is even rarer. The treatment is based on inguinal orchi-epididymectomy, with resection of adjacent structures if invaded. Adjuvant radiotherapy may be an attractive approach, given the high rate of local recurrence. Metastatic patients and dedifferentiated subtypes constitute the main indications of chemotherapy, even if her role is still debated. We describe the case of a 58-year-old man who underwent surgery for a dedifferentiated liposarcoma of the epididymis. A review of the literature for the various facets of this condition is also provided.

In this paper folded printed dipole antenna with PBG operating for Ultra wide band applications ,The geometry of the antenna is very simple for fabrication and printed circuit board integration that is only 42*36 mm, the proposed antenna are simplified structure with 50 ? feed line .the PBG structure antenna working in the frequency at 3.2 GHz and 3.9GHz with the bandwidth 68% and 50 % respectively ,In this proposed antenna has maximum gain 4.664 dBi and 3.8 dBi at 3.2 GHz and 3.9 GHz respectively .The proposed radiation pattern is omnidirectional in the E-plane and H-plane due to the orthogonal configuration of the dipole strips. The folded printed dipole antenna with PBG structure antenna should be useful for the UWB applications, The radiation characteristics examined in further sections.

Mobile Ad-hoc Networks (MANET) is the self organizing collection of mobile nodes. The Optimized Link State Routing (OLSR) protocol was designed to improve scalability of Mobile Ad-Hoc Networks (MANETs). OLSR protocol implements Multipoint Relay (MPR) nodes as a flooding mechanism for distributing control information. Nevertheless, OLSR was designed without security measures. There-fore, a misbehaving node can affect the topology map acquisition process by interrupting the flooding of control information or disturbing the MPR selection process.

The Internet has increasingly become a valuable tool. Despite the benefit, the Internet can often represent an insecure channel for exchange of information. Among the challenges that have now affected the Internet user is phishing. This study propose a secure Anti-Phishing system using a Transparent Proxy System. The proposed system is a middleware that is located between the clients and a content provider. The proposed system was able to detects, alerts novice and experienced users of potential phishing content.

Water deficit is common stress in arid and semi-arid lands, also yield of wheat reduced by another environmental stresses such as heat and cold. The main causes of these changes are due to poor distribution of rainfall, and poor agronomy calendar. According to this fact that rainfall is one of the most important factors for agronomy in dry land, we calculated time of first effective rainfall with probabilities of 50% and 75% by using meteorological data (1994 to 2011) of Synoptic station at Eghlid region, The growing degree days (GDD) of wheat growth phenological stages were obtained by using 4 ° C as physiological Zero. Based on the results, the first effective rainfall happen in the November 19th and December 8th, by probability levels of 50% and 75% also the germination of wheat seeds happen in the March12th and March31th and the ended of phenological stages happen in the August18th and August25th by probability levels of 50% and 75% respectively. We suggest this planting calendar to obtain the best wheat yield.