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This study examines the environmental management issues in Nigeria with a view to delineate a management framework for effective implementation of environmental policies. This study present an argument on the management framework which would enable Nigeria to initiate, plan, and implement environmental policies in a way that would enable the country to achieve a sustainable goals. Further, the study investigates the social distribution of environmental benefits and burden. The finding revealed that, environmental policy without effective management component is unlikely to achieve its espoused objective.

The study has been conducted with the purpose of clear understanding of world’s leading publisher in the area of electrical, electronics, computing and related areas of science and technology. The author is working in a Deemed University, which offered Engineering and Technology courses as main subjects, hence the author has the curiosity to know more about IEEE and its publications.

Present paper tries to introduce bigotry theory in Islam – based criminology and sociology and also its impacts on the emergence and extension of crimes. The necessity of such discussion is on the fact that abovementioned fields, there is no theory on the reasons of social and individual dysfunctions in Islamic viewpoint while in religious resources, numerous behaviors are criminalized. Another issue is that although all theories in mentioned fields seem different, a commonality is seen among them namely bigotry. This comprehensive theory involves are reasons mentioned in other theories. Besides, it is the positive aspect of such trait that controls behavior and should be recognized and fostered. Even, lawmakers criminalize its negative points and adopt other laws fro keep its positive dimensions. As a result, the definition of crime (“any behavior for which penalties is determined in the law” (article 2, Islamic Penal Code, 2011)) is to negate negative bigotry. If the law is based on religion, it is toward protecting human valid interests and if it is out of religion, it should consider the interests of all people.

This experiment is a continuation of our effort to develop drug delivery carrier of Gum Arabic GA (Acacia Senegal) gum Arabic-g-3,3-dimethyl acrylic acid for a cancer. The effect of graft reaction conditions on the percentage of graft efficiency and percentage of graft yield in the graft copolymerization were investigated. It was observed that grafting parameters such as 3,3-dimethyl acrylic acid, ceric ammonium nitrate (CAN), Gum Arabic (GA), temperature and reaction time have remarkable influence on the percentage of graft efficiency and percentage of graft yield of the graft copolymer. Optimum the percentage of graft efficiency and percentage of graft yield were (26%) and (75.5%). Evidence of grafting was confirmed by comparison of FTIR spectra of GA, 3,3-dimethyl acrylic acid and the grafted copolymer as well as scanning electron micrography (SEM), Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and X-ray diffraction of the product.

Metal-joining plays an important role in the industry and virtually all servicing and manufacturing concerns, directly and indirectly, benefit from it. However, not all kinds of joining processes are suitable for thin metals and light works due to the sensitivity of light metals to heavy heat, rapid corrosion of most metals at high temperatures and very high quantities of heat energy needed to fuse parts. It has been observed that the heat energy required to melt and establish continuity across parts is even higher with welding and brazing-which utilize fillers of high tensile strengths and melting points-such as iron (0.8% steel-800 MNM-e 1535oc), copper (210 MNM-z 10-83oc) and silver (125MNM-e 961oc). In this study, therefore the cold-brazing Joining technique which does not utilize heat in its operation, was studied using experimental designs. Light copper wires of about 0.01mm diameter, zinc electrode and concentrated zinc tetraoxosulphate (vi) solution (Zn2So4) were used and, results from the investigation and calculations show that thin metals and light parts can be easily joined using cold-Brazing joining technique with energy consumption for depositing a zinc filler of 1kg using high temperature process and the same amount of zinc filler using cold-Bracing, in the ratio of 71:269 KJ. Thus, it is certain that other electrolytically depositable metals with higher tensile strengths and melting points than silver-solders and brass, such as copper, can be used with this technique. And if fully made better, the present innovation will not only rival, but surpass most joining methods.

Customer channel choice is a critical subject in a multichannel management context. It is important for managers to understand why customers choose a particular shopping channel and how they decide which channel to use. The main goal of this research is investigating the role of channel characteristics as determinant factors of customer channel selection and usage intention in Parskhazar Company. Findings indicate that channel value has the most effect on channel usage intention. Although results refused a direct effect of Perceived channel price on channel usage intention, complementary investigations proved the indirect effect of perceived channel price on customer channel choice and usage intention. In terms of managerial implications, since in our research a direct relationship between perceived channel price and channel usage intention was not proved, the price differentiation policy during their distribution channels can be used in this industry without any problem by charging extra cost in one special channel. Finally, results show that in developing online sales, which are one of the Parskhazar strategic goals, the online purchasing process should be facilitated for Parskhazar customers.

We are very happy to announce that from 27th August 2016,Dr. M. Varatha Vijayan has joined the team of Elixir Editorial Advisory Board. He/She will carry a special responsibility for dealing with manuscripts based on Mechanical Engineering. Dr. M. Varatha Vijayan working as a Professor in TKR college of Engg and Tech, Hyderabad ,Telungana ,India. The appointment of Dr. M. Varatha Vijayan as member Editorial Advisory Board strengthens the links and will make it easier for prospective authors to establish contact with the journal. Please send any expressions of interest to elixirpublishers@gmail.com.

We are very happy to announce that from 31st August 2013, Dr.R.Sathishkumar has joined the team of Elixir Editorial Advisory Board. He will carry a special responsibility for dealing with manuscripts based on Electronics and Communication Engineering. Dr.R.Sathishkumar is currently working as Associate professor in Electronics and Communication Engineering, Sri Venkateswara College of Engineering– 522502, India. The appointment of Dr.R.Sathishkumar as member Editorial Advisory Board strengthens the links and will make it easier for prospective authors to establish contact with the journal. Please send any expressions of interest to elixirpublishers@gmail.com.

Pectinase producing microorganisms were isolated from fruit waste disposable area soil samples of Pazhamuthir Nilayam, Coimbatore, TamilNadu and screened in modified Czapek- Dox media with citrus pectin as sole carbon source. Among the isolates, only four fungal strains showed hydrolyzing zone. The fungal strain showing maximum clearance zone of 36 mm (out of colony diameter of 57 mm) was selected and it was identified as Paecilomyces variotii. The effects of the various carbon sources like dextrose, maltose and cellulose and nitrogen sources like ammonium sulphate, potassium nitrate and urea on the pectinase activity by Paecilomyces variotii were carried out in surface culture fermentation. The results of the investigation revealed that the maximum pectinase production of 9.71 Umg-1protein and of 9.66 Umg-1protein were obtained at both intracellular and extracellular level in 3% dextrose and 3% maltose as carbon sources. Among the nitrogen sources, the maximum pectinase activity of 9.73 Umg-1proteinand 8.65 Umg-1protein was observed in 3% and 2% ammonium sulphate at both intracellular and extracellular level.

The present study was carried out at farmers fields in Simdega district of Jharkhand during Kharif 2013 and 2014 to evaluate the effects of different methods of transplanting/seeding on yield and economics of medium land rainfed rice. The experiment was conducted with four methods of transplanting/seeding {T1: Farmers practice (Transplanting of 25-30 day old seedlings, more than 5 seedlings/hill at uneven distance and two manual weedings.), T2 : Cultivation under modified SRI (10-12 days old seedling, 25x25 cm2 spacing, single seedling/hill, two weeding by cono weeder and regular ponding of rain water in field.), T3 : Sowing of sprouted seeds by drum seeder and weeding two by cono weeder., T4 :Conventional practice (Transplanting of 20-25 days old seeding, 2-3 seedling/hill at 20x20 cm2 and two mannual weedings.) in 10 replications at farmers filed under RBD. All growth, yield attributing characters, yield and net return was found significantly highest in modified SRI (T2) followed by conventional method. Conventional method and sowing by cono weeder were found at par. The lowest performance was found under farmers practice.