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The professional ethics of accountants is an important issue directly relating to the integrity of the profession and its ability to secure the public trust. A job that is proper for the ethics is the job that is done by showing the necessary attention in the best way.Businesses as the institutions operating in certain environmental conditions are affected not only by their environments in the decisions that they give; they also affect their environments by their decisions and actions. Businesses? understanding the impact of their actions on society and taking these effects into consideration while taking decision and applying to them are related to the sense of social responsibility.This study aims to analyze the concept of Principles, approaches and Ethical standards in the accounting profession and how these Ethical standards are formed. Ethical accounting requires the application of moral principles, ethical practices and ethical standards. So learn and develop the basic concepts of ethics in the accounting profession is an essential first step.

In drilling mud formulation, evaluating the mud cuttings carrying capacity provides the means of establishing its wellbore hole cleaning potential. Thus, a synthetic-based mud was formulated from derived ester and evaluated for its mud weight and rheological properties: plastic viscosity and yield point. A two level-three factors (23) full factorial design was performed to evaluate the cuttings carrying index (CCI) of the formulated synthetic-based mud. This offers the privilege of assessing the combined effect of these factors: plastic viscosity, yield point and mud weight on the cuttings carrying capacity of the mud. The factors’ levels (low and high) from the formulated mud properties measurement were 6 and 17cp, 10 and 13lb/100ft2, and 8.63 and 9.50lb/gal for plastic viscosity, yield point and mud weight respectively. Thus, the experimental design results obtained, resulted ingood cuttings carrying capacity (adequate hole cleaning) as the obtained CCI values were above 0.5. Additionally, the results further revealed main effect from the formulated mud’s rheological properties and mud weight on its cuttings carrying capacity. Furthermore, the experimental design result depicted that there was interaction effect between the rheological properties, whilst there was no interaction effect between the rheological properties and the mud weight at the considered factors’ level. Therefore, a potential synthetic-based mud with adequate wellbore hole cleaning capacity could be formulated at the considered mud properties.

Now a day’s various types of organophosphate compound are being utilised by farmers in massive amount to increase the productivity of crops by destroying the insecticides. Profenofos is one of the organophosphate which is widely used by the farmers. It is largely known to cause toxicity in various organs, such as the liver and brain. So, to evaluate the effect of Profenofos, experiment was designed on Swiss albino model. So, the present study aims to observe the effect of Cuminum cyminum (Cumin) and Coriandrum sativum (Coriander) on kidney exposed with Profenofos on female swiss albino mice. The parameters utilized for the study were through biochemical analysis. The impact of herbal plants Cumin and Coriander were observed on the Profenofos induced nephrotoxicity. The study shows Cumin was more effective in normalizing the Uric acid level rather than Coriander, while the coriander is more effective in normalizing the creatinine level than Cumin. Thus, the study shows better cytoprotection to kidney in Profenofos induced nephrotoxicity in Swiss albino mice.

The rapidly growing and changing food demands by urban dwellers has resulted in the need for cheaper and convenience foods. Street vended foods have shown epidemiological links with illness. Concerns have also been raised about these foods with respect to their potential for food poisoning outbreaks. The study sought to assess aspects of hygiene practices such as food preparation area, environment of food vendors, personal hygiene, handling and storage of food. A standardized questionnaire was used to collect data on the current status of food hygiene and sanitation practiced by street food vendors in Accra. Results indicated that out of the 50 respondents, 66% were in the age range of 26 to 30 years, of which 76% were females. Most of the vendors (54%) were senior high school graduates. Majority (76%) of the respondents were stationary vendors. Of the total respondents interviewed, 36% have not had any form of formal training in catering, 64% of the vendors prepare food at home and send to the premises to be sold, and 80% of the surroundings were clean. Fifty-eight percent (58%) dispose of refuse twice daily. Most of the respondents (86%) had short and clean nails. Forty percent (40%) of the vendors serve the food in polyethylene bags. Unsold food is stored by 56% of the respondents for sale the next day. Reheating (50%) and refrigeration (44%) are methods used by respondents to preserve unsold food. A large number (70%) of the vendors use sachet water to serve their customers as a source of drinking water. This study indicates that majority of food vendors in Accra exhibited good food hygiene practices. However there is a need for the vendors to be given regular education on hygienic practices to avoid food contamination and food poisoning.

Nowadays museums and historical places are taken into account as of the attractive places for tourisms. In between and besides attracting customers for these centers preserving and customers loyalty are at the high importance. In this practical research, the researcher has attempted to investigate the relationship between the perceived investments with customer’s commitment. The population of this research is all museums historical places tourists of Kermanshah, who are known as an unlimited community. The numbers of the samples which are selected by chance are 384 people. The researcher has a standard questionnaire and the obtained permanency which is %81 is distributed in the so-called sample. After collecting the questionnaires, the hypothesis of the research is tested by LISREL and SPSS software. The obtained results of the research’s hypothesis, show that generally the perceived relational investment has a positive and meaningful relation with the 3 variations, commitment, knowledge and relationship value. (Knowledge and relation value are known as the mediator variation of the perceived relation investment and commitment .And commitment also has positive and meaningful relation with knowledge and relation with knowledge and relation value.

Product-harm crises can seriously impact the viability of a company. By considering the factors that affect the outcome of a crisis, organizations could manage crisis situations to minimize negative consequences. The purpose of research was twofold: (1) examining the impact of company's response strategies (i.e., denial, involuntary product recall, voluntary product recall and supper effort) on customer's perception of danger (2) examining the effect of Customer's perception of danger on repurchase intention for Iran's airline industry. Data obtained from 500 survey questionnaire were analyzed using the structural equation modeling (SEM). The results revealed that Denial has a significantly negative effect on Customer's perception of danger. Involuntary product recall has a significantly negative effect on Customer's perception of danger. Voluntary product recall has a significantly positive effect on Customer's perception of danger. Supper effort has a significantly positive effect on Customer's perception of danger. Customer's perception of danger has a significantly positive effect on Repurchase intentions. In addition results show that Denial was the best negative predictor of their Customer's perception of danger and Supper effort was the best positive predictor of Customer's perception of danger.

Nursing is one of the most crucial health care jobs for any country. The main goal of the study was to determine the job satisfaction of nurses and to explore the factors which play significant role in their job satisfaction. This was cross sectional study. Sample was proportionally allocated to relative hospital sizes. There were 449 nurses selected from six public sector hospitals of Lahore, Pakistan. Descriptive and inferential analyses were done to explore the job satisfaction level of nurses across various classifications. Moreover, using multiple logistic regression different logit models were developed in order to find the predictive strength of job satisfaction using different predictors.

An exact solution of unsteady flow past a parabolic starting motion of an infinite vertical plate with variable temperature and uniform mass diffusion, in the presence of homogeneous chemical reaction of first order has been studied. The plate temperature is raised linearly with time and the concentration level near the plate is raised uniformly. The solutions for the velocity, temperature and concentration fields are solved using Laplace-transform technique. The effect of velocity profiles are studied for the physical parameters like chemical reaction parameter, thermal Grashof number, mass Grashof number, Schmidt number and time. It is observed that the velocity increases with increasing values the thermal Grashof number or mass Grashof number. The trend is just reversed with respect to the chemical reaction parameter or the Schmidt number.

The problem of high fluoride concentration in groundwater resources has now become one of the most important toxicological and geo -environmental issues in India. During the last three decades, the high fluoride concentration in water resources and the resultant disease ‘Fluorosis’ is highlighted considerably throughout the world. The presence of excess of fluoride in groundwater leads to dental and skeletal fluorosis. The permissible level of fluoride in groundwater is 1.0 to 1.5mg/l (WHO). Dharmapuri finds itself in a bad position owing to depletion of ground water sources and increased risk of fluoride contamination, this study was initiated to identify the fluoride high and low risk areas using World Health Organisation (WHO) standard and high risk areas were mapped with the help of GIS software arcview 3.2a

Competitive advantage enables maintaining and improving an organizational position relative to its competitors in the market. Reverse logistics is reportedly a tool for attaining and retaining competitive advantage for manufacturing businesses. In Pakistan different manufacturing industries have employed formalized practices of reverse logistics for cost effectiveness and process effectiveness. However, relevant literature is yet not been updated with facts how Pakistan’s industries have benefited through reverse logistics. This study therefore took initiative of taking reverse logistics as an independent variable to check its effect on competitive advantages that industries in Pakistan targeted. It hypothesized that formalized and standardized programs of reverse logistics were means to achieve cost and process effectiveness. Collecting and analyzing reliable data and needful regression and correlation tests, it discovered a positive relationship between its selected variables. Substantiating its hypothesis, the study contributed empirical findings that formalize programs of reverse logistics remained a key factor for gaining competitive advantages for industries in Pakistan. Thus it recommended encouraging formal reverse logistics programs for manufacturing industries.