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In case when the the partial pressure of oxygen above its minimum value, it is revealed that the consumption rate of o-xylene is represented by the equation half order with respect to the substrate as well as given the kinetic equation for the rate of accumulation of products of the ammoxidation of xylene on V-Sb-Bi-Cr / ?-Al2O3-oxide catalyst. The kinetic model of process describing the rate of reaction products formation and consumption of reaction products is developed as a result. Constants of the model are calculated.

Report demonstrates pulse laser dependence CdS thin films thickness variation and properties. Variable thickness properties like; surface morphology, cross sectional view, EDS with elemental mapping, AFM surface roughness parameter, Raman spectrum, photoluminescence, UV-Visible range FT-IR, I-V and R-V characteristics is discussed. It has been noticed with increasing laser pulses thickness, structure, surface morphology, Raman spectra, FT-IR band, I-V and R-V characteristics are changed. With the increasing number of laser pulses, the increase in surface roughness parameter, shift in FT-IR band tail toward the lower wave number side and higher current growth with lower resistance is observed for the thicker films.

Table of contents for the month of December 2018

As air traffic is rapidly growing in the ASEAN region, it is essential to undertake proper planning and measures to modernize or improve current ATM operations in order to accommodate future traffic. One operational concept that may be of interest to the ASEAN region is the Direct Route Environment within ASEAN airspace to facilitate shorter flight routes for increased capacity, efficiency and safety. In this study, a Direct Route Environment was modelled within Singapore?s Flight Information Region which is within the ASEAN airspace. The direct route operations were modeled and simulated by assigning optimum flight profile under normal wind and weather conditions. The conflict patterns and aircraft performance output were then compared between current and direct route operations, with the latter showing considerable economic, safety and environmental benefits over the former.

The use of environmental models requires a mathematical turn of mind. Amongst the models that have been tested in various ecosystem and cropping system namely: CENTURY 4.0, RothC, CERES, NCSOIL, SUNDAIL and STICS; the CENTURY 4.0 have been extensively modified and configured especially for carbon and nitrogen cycling. This work presents the step by step process especially in amending the FERT.100 file, weather and management information, parametisation and events scheduling and running to equilibrium. It will be relevant to beginners who would like to test the model in their region.

The four quadrant analog multiplier proposed by Rathor and Bhattacharya is reanalysed and modified in a different way for simple and low cost multiplication applications without using any reference waveforms. Verification of the feasibility of the circuit configuration is established by way of test results.

Measuring of soil moisture level is important for many hydrological, biological and biogeochemical processes. Using of neutron meter equipment to measure soil moisture is limited close to the soil surface due to the escaping of neutrons which known as surface effect. In present work, the dimension of a cylindrical paraffin cylinder has been evaluated to correct the surface effect in order to use neutron moisture meter close to the soil surface by MCNPX code. The result show a cylindrical paraffin cylinder with 16 cm radius and 4.8, 5, 5.3, 5.6, 6 cm thickness can correct the surface effect well for 0.10, 0.20, 0.30, 0.40, and 0.50 g/g soil moisture, respectively. As well as, the paraffin cylinder is a good shield to reduce the radiation dose.

The major purpose and target of every education activity is to enhance students’ learning. The present paper is an analysis of literature available in the field of techniques that motivate students for learning. For this purpose the available related literature was reviewed. Motivation is considered a permanent tool for students’ success in learning. The sources of motivation can be influenced by external factors as well as internal. On these bases motivation may be extrinsic or intrinsic. However, the intrinsic motivation is more responsible for motivating students for learning. Educators may give heed to the arousing o intrinsic motivation and they may consider this motivation in designing their instruction by incorporating motivational techniques in their in instruction.

We are very happy to announce that from 17th November 2018, Mr. Pushparaj Pal has joined the team of Elixir Editorial Advisory Board. He/She will carry a special responsibility for dealing with manuscripts based on Electronics Engineering. Mr. Pushparaj Pal is working as Assistant Professor, Department of Electrical and Communication Engineering, ICL Engineering College, Ambala, India. The appointment of Mr. Pushparaj Pal as member, Editorial Advisory Board strengthens the links and will make it easier for prospective authors to establish contact with the journal.

Quantum dots (QDs) are nanoparticles that have attracted widespread interest in medicine, drug delivery and imaging in living animals due to their unique electronic and optical properties. QDs with Bioconjugated have been introduced for imaging and targeting in living molecular cells, animal models and also in humans. Present efforts are focused on exploring the massive multiplexing capabilities of the QDs for Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), drug delivery and in addition biocompatibility, bioconjugation and biotoxicity of QDs are also analyzed and discussed. These advances in the QD technology have unraveled a great deal of information about the molecular events in tumor cells and early diagnosis treatment.