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In this paper, an investigation is made regarding the relationship between corporate social responsibility and financial performance of companies. Firstly, it examines the theories which support the relationship between corporate social responsibility and financial performance of companies. To prove this relationship a sample of ten companies listed on the Karachi stock exchange are selected which are making investment in corporate social responsibility. To measure corporate social responsibility, content analysis of annual reports and other corporate documents is used while financial performance is evaluated using accounting based measures i-e ROE (return on equity), ROCE (return on capital employed) and GPS (gross profit to sales ratio) for the periods between 2007 to 2009. There is one year lag between measure of corporate social responsibility and financial performance to analyze the relationship between the two. The company size and risk is used as a control variable. The analysis concludes that better financial performance (past) will lead to engaging in more socially responsible activities and similarly more investment in corporate social responsibility will result in increased subsequent financial performance. However the author failed to find significant relationship between corporate social responsibility and financial performance. This paper will help in improving the performance management system through understanding the relationship between corporate social responsibility and financial performance of companies although it has the limitation regarding the size of the sample.

The leadership of an organization to adapt changes and in order to survive and grow in new environments ,requires specific features that commonly managers face many problems to respond to them .One of the most important features that can help leaders and managers in responding to these changes, is emotional intelligence. Emotional intelligence is a subject that tries to explain and interpret the place of emotions in human capabilities. Managers with emotional intelligence are effective leaders who reach the goals with maximum productivity and employee’s satisfaction and commitment. Due to the importance of emotional intelligence in management, this article examines the dimensions of emotional intelligence in management, leadership growth and development in working environment and emotional intelligence training in the organization.

Table of contents for the month of August 2015

Table of contents for the month of January 2016

The aim of the paper is proposed to reduce the electrical power demand in domestic and industrial sectors. Through this technique the power supply is controlled and supplied is achieved. The electric supply is turned off when it crosses above the threshold power level; this switching is done with the help of relays. The power measurement is done with the help of power measuring circuit which is connected across the supply and to the microcontroller in which the programs are embedded. The ZigBee is employed to control and communicate with the power outlets. By using IR remote controller the various power outlets can be electrically ON and OFF condition. Using this technique the various power loads can be cutoff in priority wise.

We are very happy to announce that from 30th October 2015, Mr. Sh. B.P. Singh has joined the team of Elixir Editorial Advisory Board. He/She will carry a special responsibility for dealing with manuscripts based on Library Science. Mr. Sh. B.P. Singh working as Librarian Gr-1 at Central Library, Dayalbagh Educational Institute (Deemed University), Agra. The appointment of Mr. Sh. B.P. Singh as member Editorial Advisory Board strengthens the links and will make it easier for prospective authors to establish contact with the journal. Please send any expressions of interest to elixirpublishers@gmail.com.

The photoluminescence properties of Eu2+ doped BaB2O4 prepared by novel solution combustion synthesis technique are investigated. The structure of the prepared sample characterized by TG-DTA, XRD and FTIR. Surface morphological study was done using SEM images. BaB2O4:Eu2+ gives strong emission at 380 nm (UV-A region), upon excitation with 322 nm light. The concentration of Eu2+ (relative to Ba) in BaB2O4 for which the quenching occur was found to be about 6 mol%, and the critical transfer distance for this concentration was calculated to be 14.56 Å. This phosphor may provide an efficient kind of luminescent material for various applications in medical & industry.

Longitudinal, shear ultrasonic velocities and attenuation were measured in different compositions of the glass systems of 10TeO2.15BaO.(75-x)B2O3.xNiO and 10TeO2.15BaO.(75-x)B2O3.xWO3 (where x= 0 to 1 mol% in steps of 0.2) at room temperature by using pulser - receiver technique at 5 MHz. The glass samples were prepared by conventional melt-quenching method. The amorphous nature of the samples were ascertained using X-ray diffractometry (XRD). The density of the glass samples were measured by relative measurement method. The measured experimental values are utilized to evaluate elastic moduli, Poisson’s ratio, acoustic impedance, internalfriction, microhardness, Debye temperature, and thermal expansion coefficient. Trends of the co-ordination number, cross-link density, mechanical and thermal stability for the systems are discussed in terms of the structural changes taking place due to variations in composition.

The association between economic growth and financial development has been a wide-ranging subject of experiential research. The practical evidence suggests that there is a significant positive relationship between financial development and economic growth. The endogenous growth literature provides copious evidence that financial development is a key determinant of economic growth. Theory interconnects these two factors based on the logic that by reducing information, transaction, and monitoring costs, a well-developed financial system performs several critical functions to augment intermediation efficiency. The impact of financial development on economic growth is a controversial issue on both empirical and theoretical framework. Aegis et al (2007) classified this matter into four schools of thought. The first one is denoted as supply-leading view which was first analyzed by Schumpeter (1912) and John Hicks (1969). They noticed that the prosperity and evolution of the economies in certain countries were backed up by the capacity of financial systems to activate the productivity of the financial capital. Later on, Levine (1997) pointed out that the development of the financial sector, with its two components stock markets and institutions, plays a remarkable role in the economic growth. Cline (2010) argues that the improvement in the financial sector will lead to an enhancement of the various sectors of the economy. Besides, the endogenous growth literature is in line with this point of view and assumes that the government intervention in the financial system (such as high reserve requirement, interest rate ceilings, etc) has a negative impact on the economic growth. Financial market development is estimated by the effect of credit market development and stock market development on economic growth. The relationship between economic growth and financial development has been an Extensive subject of empirical research. The question is whether financial development Causes economic growth or reversely. The main objective of this study was to investigate the causal relationship between economic growth and financial development taking into Account the positive effect of industrial production index. This paper reviews, appraises, and critiques theoretical and empirical research on the connections between the operation of the financial system and economic growth. It describes the role of financial system development in economic growth at the macro level, both theoretically and empirically. It also describes briefly the relationship of corporate finance and firm performance. It finally concludes the review and presents some policy implications in view of the reviewed literature. Furthermore, theory and evidence imply that better developed financial systems ease external financing constraints facing firms, which illuminates one mechanism through which financial development influences economic growth. The paper highlights many areas needing additional research.

In thisarticle, The effects of migration on marginalization dimensions with an approach of sustainable development have been investigated. For this purpose, by reviewing the theoretical and empiricalliterature of migration andsustainable urban development andthe impacts ofmigration on creating marginalization and its relationship with mothercity and its suburbs,in order tounderstandandrecognizethemigrationandurban sustainability, by reviewing the quantitative and qualitativeindicators, (economic, social, environmental) factorshave beenexamined. The research is descriptive, analytical and inferential. Alsoqualitative and quantitativeindicatorshave been reviewed.