Archives-  

This paper aims at defining a specific model on the decision to engage in HR outsourcing.  There have been much deliberations that HR outsourcing as an organizational strategy has increased considerably over the last decade. Nevertheless, this trend has attracted little academic attention regarding the factors that influence the reliance on HR outsourcing. In this article, we provide a critical review on the contextual variables such as organizational size, strategic orientation, managers’ characteristics and environmental dynamism as primary determinants of the decision to outsource HR functions. This study adds to the present literature by explaining conceptually the linkages between these variables by applying both the resource-based view and transaction cost economics when making outsourcing decisions.

In this research, isolated group of natural pigments of vegetarian cinnamon, sugar(Beta Vulgaris), and used extracts as indicator acid - base were compared with common indicators , such as methyl orange and phenolphthalein, and the results showed a consensus in the extent of the change chromatography was used as extracts to prepare papers chromatography paper (PC) is similar to the leaves Sunflower (litmus paper). And the study of the infrared spectrum of the active substances isolated from vegetable, sugar (Beta Vulgaris ) and cinnamon.

The study conducts job strain, stress among managers to cause of presenteeism among managers. The data were obtained by using COPSOQ stress scales, Stanford Presenteeism Scale (SPS-6). The questionnaires administered to all 75 managers in 3 companies situated in Iran. The research questions were conducted using the Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and T-test. According to the findings the managers experience significantly higher levels of stress, also with female managers experiencing higher levels of job strain than men. Moreover, high levels of stress are related with decreased presenteeism. Meanwhile, a significant difference was obtained in the means between age groups, as the youngest respondents indicating decreased presenteeism.

Table of contents for the month of August 2017

Table of contents for the month of December 2017

Table of contents for the month of May 2011

More than 75 percent of Iran is located in arid and semi-arid and faces many hydrological constraints that often are attributed to the lack of rainfall and rainfall distribution. This issue is locating suitable areas for rain water harvestingin Birj and plain however it ismore importance in poor farming communities that are dependent on rain-fed cultivation. To determine the areas those are prone to runoff collection used from a Decision Support System (DSS) and Geographic Information System (GIS)to identify a logical process in relation to harvesting the rainfall and Within this system utilization from Model Builder in Arc GIS 9.3 software. The process defined in this paper uses from runoff capacity for decision and some information such as runoff potential map, distances from residential areas map, irrigated cultivation map and rain-fed cultivation map is inputting in the system. With combination of these maps makes the rain water harvesting prone areas map. The result shows that more than 40 present is in medium class and 32 present is in good class.

Mucoid cysts tibiofibular joint top (TFS) is a rare cause of nerve compression at the knee. We report the observation of a soldier of 46 years, who presented with painful swelling sitting at the top of the anterolateral aspect of the left leg third with peroneal neuralgia, lasting for four months. Clinical examination revealed an oval mass, deep, sensitive, poorly demarcated sitting on top of the anterolateral compartment of the right leg third. Ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the knee revealed an intramuscular myxoid cyst Depond joint superior tibiofibular. Electromyogram (EMG) was in favor of an invasion of the superficial peroneal nerve. A biopsy excision of the lesion was performed. Pathological examination confirmed the diagnosis of a mucoid cyst. The evolution is marked by the complete disappearance of pain, recovery of normal sensitivity and lack of recurrence after a year of decline.

This paper discusses the effectiveness of strategies used by rural municipalities in recovering service consumer debts. The choice of Thulamela municipality was informed by increases in municipal service consumer debts as a result of inadequate collection of rates and taxes. Unemployment, lack of enforcement of debt and credit policy issues was among the challenges for the municipality. A municipal service consumer debt recovery survey approach was used to unpack the challenges. The municipality uses an ad hoc debt recovery process instead of a holistic approach. The study outlines lessons to be learnt from the Thulamela experience for decision makers at local municipal level.

Ions concentration of seventeen wheat cultivars (Triticum aestivum L.) in NaCl salinity (16 dS m-1 and two weeks exposure) was assessed to evaluate the ability of these traits in salt screening. There was an increase in Na+ concentration and decrease in K+ concentration in salinity stress compared to control condition in shoot parts. Even thought, there was a clear relation between salt tolerance or salt sensitivity and Na+ concentration in shoot plant. It seems that the increase in concentration of Na+ concentration can be criteria to distinct salt tolerance in the shoot of early wheat plant. Therefore Na exclusion measurement can be applied with other trait such as yield and yield components to screen wheat cultivars in salinity condition.