Search - macrobrachium...

In this study, Piper longum (long pepper), Piper nigram (black pepper) and Zingiber officinale (dried zinger) were incorporated with artificial feeds formulated to understand their effects on survival, growth, activities of digestive enzymes and biochemical constituents in Macrobrachium rosenbergii post larvae (PL). These herbs were independently incorporated with basal ingredients at a concentration of 5% each, and fed to M. rosenbergii PL (1.56±0.08 cm; 0.074± 0.02 g) for a period of 60 days under laboratory condition with triplicates. A significant improvement (P<0.05) in survival and growth performance (weight gain, specific growth rate, food conversion ratio), elevation in activities of digestive enzymes (protease, amylase and lipase), increased concentrations of total protein, non-enzymatic antioxidants (vitamins C and E), and mineral salts (sodium and potassium) were recorded in P. longum incorporated feed fed PL followed by P. nigram and Z. officinale when compared with control. Polypeptide bands of molecular weight between 116-14 kDa were resolved in the muscle of PL fed with control as well as herbs incorporated feeds. Generally, there were eleven Coomassie blue stained protein bands (116, 58, 51, 45, 38, 33, 25, 18, 17, 16 and 14kDa) were calculated in herbal incorporated test samples. The general comparison between control and experimental groups revealed that there was more number of bands resolved in herbals incorporated feeds fed PL. Therefore, it is suggested that these medicinal herbs have their own influence in protein synthesis. In this study, the overall results indicated the fact that these herbs have acted as appetizers and hence, enhanced the secretion of digestive enzymes, which facilitated efficient digestion, absorption of nutrients and favoured for general health, which in turn ultimately produced better survival and growth of M. rosenbergii PL. Therefore, these herbs can be taken as feed additives in sustainable development of freshwater prawn culture.

The present study was conducted to investigate the effect of probiotics, Binifit^TM on survival, growth, biochemical constituents and energy budget of the freshwater prawn Macrobrachium rosenbergii post larvae (PL). The basal diet was prepared by the supplementation of probiotics Binifit^TM at four different concentrations (0.5%, 1%, 1.5% and 2%) was incorporated. Feed without Binifit^TM served as control. These feeds were fed to M. rosenbergii PL for a period of 60 days. Leaching of these diets varied between 13.7%-15.0% at time duration of 8 hrs. The growth parameters, such as survival, weight gain, specific growth rate, feed conversion efficiency and protein efficiency rate were significantly (P<0.05) higher in 2% Binifit^TM incorporated diet fed PL followed by other experimental groups when compared with control. On the other hand, the food conversion ratio was significantly (P<0.05) lower in 2% Binifit^TM supplementation diet fed PL. This indicates the fact that this diet had resulted in higher growth rate than that of other experimental diets. Similarly the proximate composition of the total protein, amino acid, carbohydrate, and lipid content were significantly (P<0.05) higher in 2% Binifit^TM incorporated diet fed PL. However, insignificant differences were recorded in moisture content between control and experimental groups. The energy utilization parameters, such as feeding rate, absorption rate, conversion rate, excretory rate and metabolic rate were significantly (P<0.05) higher in 2% Binifit^TM supplementation diet fed PL. However, Binifit^TM supplementation diet fed PL resulted in better growth performance. This is only because of presence of Binifit^TM in the feed. Therefore, incorporation of this probiotics in aqua feed is stressed for promoting sustainable culture of Macrobrachium.

The river Cauvery is one of the major perennial river in the peninsular India, which originates at Talakaveri of Brahmagiri Hills of Western Ghat in Coorg District, Karnataka and flows eastwards through Tamil Nadu state and enter into Bay of Bengal. It runs a distance of about 1170 km with many tributaries and distributaries. Which carries a large amount of nutrient and probably promotes species richness both racially and individually. The Grand Anaicut and Lower Anaicut are the main distributaries of Cauvery deltaic regions of Thanjavur, Thiruvarur, Cuddalore and Nagapattinam districts. In view of large volume of nutrients and water availability. The productivity of water is significant and therefore the prawns are diverse. In the present study 12 species of prawns which are commercially and ecologically important have been identified. They are Macrobrachium malcolmsonii, M. aemulum, M. nobilii, M. australe, M. rude, M. lamarrei, M. scabriculum, M. indicum, M. dolichodactylus, Caridina nilotica, C. gracilipes and C. gracilirostris. The present study significant to the presence of commercially important and ecologically important populations available in the Grand Anaicut and Lower Anaicut regions of river Cauvery. The prawns of the river Cauvery are documented.

The River Cauvery is one of the major perennial river in the peninsular India. Which originates from Coorg District, Karnataka and flows through Tamilnadu state and enters into Bay of Bengal. The firshery resources are high in the River Cauvery. In the present investigation the sex ratio of Macrobrachium scabriculum was estimated for the period of two years from July 2010 to June 2012. A total of 1474 prawns, the males were 729 and females were 745. The overall sex ratio of males and females were found to be 1:1 ratio. The chi-square (x2) test analysis indicated that the value slightly deviated from the expected 1:1 ratio in the two years. The females were predominant in several months of the study period. Level P confidence for whole year has no significant deviation from the expected 1:1 ratio. The pooled data for both the years conformed to the expected 1:1 ratio. Physico-chemical factors of the aquatic environment either directly or indirectly influence the sex ratio. The preponderance of female in all the months than males. The predominance of female may poachaps be due to the continuous breeding habits and possible migration of females towards the river.

Among the various biomarkers, the histological analysis of different organs may indicate the biological responses to an unfavorable situation, because often the prolongs exposure of the organism to toxic agents does not provoke death directly, but it affects the structure and function of organs of freshwater prawn, Macrobrachium kistensis. The experimental prawn treated with lethal concentration (LC50value) 24, 48, 72 and 96 hours and sublethal concentration (1/10th of LC50 of 48 hr) for 7, 14 and 21 days of cuprous oxide shows many histological changes in ovary. Histological observations of ovary following exposure cuprous oxide showed destruction of epithelial layer, degeration of oocytes, disorganization of nucleus, vacuolization at periphery, rupturing of follicular epithelium, shrinkage in ooplasmic material and damage of ovarian structure was observed after exposed to lethal and sublethal concentration.

This study was conducted to understand the potential of medicinal herbs, Andrographis paniculata, Cissus quadrangularis and Eclipta alba on growth promotion, utilization of energy, induction in activities of digestive enzymes, concentrations biochemical constituents and non-enzymatic antioxidants of the freshwater prawn Macrobrachium rosenbergii. These herbs were incorporated with basal diets at three different concentrations (1%, 3%, and 5%) individually and fed to the post larval (PL) of M. rosenbergii (1.83±0.50 cm; 0.14± 0.02 g) for a period of 90 days in a triplicate experimental set-up. A significantly improved survival and growth performance (weight gain, specific growth rate, condition factor), elevation in energy utilization, increased activities of digestive enzymes (protease, amylase and lipase), concentrations of biochemical constituents (total protein, carbohydrate and lipid) and non-enzymatic antioxidants (vitamin-C and vitamin-E) were recorded (P<0.05) in C. quadrangularis incorporated feed fed PL (5%>3%>1%), followed by E. alba (5%>3%>1%) and A. paniculata (3%>5%>1%) when compared with control diet (without incorporation of any herb) fed PL. Twelve polypeptide bands of molecular weight between 116-14 were recorded in the muscle of PL fed with control as well as the best concentration of each herb incorporated feeds. The intensity of 50, 48, and 46 kDa regions was found to be stained more in C. quadrangularis incorporated feed fed PL when compared with control feed as well as E. alba and A. paniculata incorporated feeds fed PL. In this study, the overall results indicated the fact that these herbs enhanced the secretion of digestive enzymes, act as appetizer, which facilitate efficient digestion, absorption of nutrients and favour general metabolism, which in turn ultimately improved the general health and produced better survival and growth of M. rosenbergii PL. Therefore, it is suggested that these herbs have the characteristic ability to promote growth in M. rosenbergii. The aquaculture potential of these herbs needs further study based on their active principles.