Search - chowdhury, mohammed...

Honey is a natural product, it is used for different purposes as nutritional, medicinal and industrial and it is an important commodity in the local and international markets. This study has been carried out for honey analysis from four different regions in Sudan to determine the physiochemical characterization. The ash content in range 0.173 % to 1.013 % within Codex standard 0.6 %. Moisture content range was 13.936 % to 15.863 % the standard value 20%. The protein content range was 0.875 % to 1.750 %. Insoluble solids content ranged from 0.066 % to 0.337 %, with standard value 0.1%. Diastase activity content not detected in one samples and maximum value 10.241 Schade. The pH and acidity determined where pH ranged 3.81 to 4.77. Free acidity determined, results ranged from 16.00 to 33.50 meq/Kg, obtained within international standards 50 meq/Kg. Lactone content ranged from 118.50 to 297.00 meq/Kg. The total acidity was ranged from 134.5 to 314.5 meq/Kg. Analyzed honey samples are of high quality and conform to international standards. The variation of some compounds which detected in honey sample due to botanical origin of honey and other the parameters influence in honey quality.

In this study a quick summary for the back-hole theory was presented. It was presented earlier in from of graduation project at university of Bahri, college of applied and industrial sciences department of physics, Khartoum, Sudan by the second author and under supervision of the first author. Black holes were once a star shining for years, before eventually collapse on their core forming the BH. There are three cases for a star non stable end is either a white dwarf, a neutron star or a black hole which is completely depend on the mass of the previous star which are called a compact star due to their highly condensation states. In this paper a quick summary for the theory was presented.

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of addition of Yttria partially stabilized Zirconia powder to dental porcelain being incorporated in 3,5 and 7-percent by weight on some mechanical properties. The measured properties were flexural strength, modulus of elasticity, fracture toughness and hardness. Samples were prepared according to the manufacturers instructions. Zirconia powder was thoroughly mixed with the porcelain powder in the correct weight percent before use. Flexural strength, modulus of elasticity, and fracture toughness were measured using three-point bending test. The hardness was measured using a conventional microhardness tester. All data were collected and analyzed with one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and LSD test (p=0.05). The results indicated that the addition of 3 % and 5 % of Yttria partially stabilized Zirconia to the conventional dental porcelain powder resulted in increased flexural strength and fracture toughness of the porcelain. On the contrary, 3 % and 5 % zirconia decreased both the modulus of elasticity and hardness. In addition, 7 % zirconia decreased all tested properties. X-ray examination showed that zirconia addition increased the radiopacity of the material. It was concluded that zirconia-modified dental porcelain was stronger and tougher than the conventional unmodified ceramic.

The history of cannabis in Morocco goes back several centuries. Its consumption was subject to social norms limiting its market as well as its impact on society. The advent of the protectorate (1912-1956) made cannabis an economic product of great value through a monopoly of its cultivation and marketing despite the undeniable impact on public health. This article traces the history of cannabis in Morocco from its earliest origins, passing through multiple historical events that marked the place of this product in Moroccan society and finally pausing on the great change that will experience the cultivation and consumption of cannabis under the protectorate.

The effect of maturity stages (premature, mature and over mature) on performance of four cultivars of Hibiscus sabdariffa (Roselle)- (namely : Rahad, Fashir, Kass and Abaid)- were studied by evaluating some of its chemical constituents, organic acids (citric, ascorbic and tartaric), anthocyanin's as (malvidin and pelargonidin), pH and essential amino acids under the semi – arid conditions of Sudan. HPLC and amino acid analyzer were used in this study. It was found that, there was a significant effect of maturity stages on pH, organic acids, essential amino acids and anthocyanin's. Mature stage of four Roselle cultivars gave significantly higher pH. Total percentages of identified organic acids (citric, ascorbic and tartaric acids) were the highest in all cultivars at mature stage, Fashir and Abiad cultivars gave significantly higher organic acid than other one. pre mature stage gave significantly higher amount of the essential amino acids, on the other hand Abiad and Kass cultivarss gave the highest amount of the essential amino acids among all cultivars. Mature and over mature stages in all cultivars gave higher percentage of anthocyanin's as ( malvidin and pelargonidin), within cultivars Rahad cultivar has the highest value of anthocyanin, and Abiad cultivar has lowest amount of these pigments.

The trend of urbanization in Iraq is exerting stress on civic authorities to provide basic requirement such as safe drinking water, sanitation and infrastructure. The rapid growth of population has exerted the portable water demand, which requires exploration of raw water sources, developing treatment and distribution systems. There is a need to study the water treatment plants for their operational status and to explore the best feasible mechanism to ensure proper drinking water production with least possible rejects and its management. A case study has been conducted to evaluate the process of treatment and to find out the problems of drinking water treatment process in Al-Rumaitha drinking water treatment plant(RWTP) lies in the city of Rumaitha in Muthanna province,Iraq. In general, conventional treatment is provided having a sequence of alum addition, coagulation, sedimentation, filtration and disinfection by chlorination. Water treatment plants are playing an important role in purifying and supplying the pure water to the people. This plant consists of two projects, The design capacity of the old project (88000 m3 / day ) and for the new project ( 820 m3 / hr) while not know the actual capacity of the plant due to lack of flow gauges. In this study, the removal efficient of turbidity will be addressed as well as three factors are, total dissolved solids , pH and values of chlorine added at February,2015 of old and new project for raw and treated water, then compared within Iraqi limits to note the problems of the plant and how to avoid them in the easiest and cheapest methods. It was found that the average value of the removal efficiency of the turbidity were about 51.5% of old project and 53.8% of new project which is relatively low due to the absence of the permanent maintenance and the continuous clean out for the sedimentation basin. The average value of T.D.S concentration of treated water were 910.8 ppm of old project and 911.5 ppm of new project . The free chloride (CL2)of old project was 2.1 ppm and of new project was 2.6 ppm. While we don't note that the strong influence of the change in temperature on the factors which studied in this project. The pH value is almost constant values for the water of the Euphrates River. In addition to the study of these factors there are notes on the treatment plant should study and develop plans for processing and control. It is upon these observations lack of flocculation basin, limiting the efficiency of the sedimentation basins despite large size disrupt dissolve alum basins as alum is added to it manually, leading to differing concentrations of alum solution. From time to time and other problems presented piping at the station, as is since the establishment.

The significant number of pedestrian injuries in the world and fatal deaths are resulting from road accidents and an event of a collision between the people and car, that due to the increased urban population and number of private vehicles. This paper deals with the development of a new finite element model to simulate the collision between the adult headform impactor and vehicle hood composite structure according to the EURO-NACP requirements. The pedestrian head impacted by three points over the outer structure of the hood with three different inclination angles. The effects of the inclination angles (6?, 8? and 10?) and impact points (A, B and C) over the surface of the composite hood structure to HIC value, displacement and absorbed energy have been investigated, and the results have been compared with each other.

Intestinal phytobezoars are rare causes of small bowel obstruction. Treatment consists of surgical extraction by enterotomy. We report a case of small bowel obstruction on a phytobezoar in a 66-year-old woman treated by enterotomy followed by manual extraction.

Primary retroperitoneal hydatid cysts of the psoas muscle are rare. We report the case of a recurrent hydatid cyst of the psoas muscle in a 57-year-old patient with a left lumbar-iliac mass. Ultrasound and computed tomography contributed to preoperative diagnosis. The mass was completely removed via a retroperitoneal approach. We will discuss in this article the diagnostic and therapeutic aspects of the psoas hydatid cyst.

Laparoscopy (or laparoscopy) is considered in surgery as a non-invasive elective approach. It allows a shorter duration of hospitalization, fewer scarring sequelae, an improvement in morbidity and a reduction in the cost of the intervention. In our case study, we propose a retrospective study of about 113 patients, the aim of which is to underline the interest of laparoscopy in the discovery and/or confirmation of the diagnosis, in situations where the etiological diagnosis could not be established, despite morphological examinations.