Leadership Management

This article reviews the benefits of a collaborative school culture, including reduced teacher isolation, social and emotional support, opportunities for professional development and learning, and closer ties with significant stakeholders, such as families and community organizations. While collaborative cultures may be powerful, they also may be either misguided or superficial. Further, cultural change is difficult and norms such as teacher isolation and autonomy are well entrenched. These concerns point to the need for a change process that has a positive focus, is essentially self-organizing, encourages deep reflection, and avoids the pitfalls of manipulation by school administrators. This analysis points to consideration of appreciative inquiry, a strengths-based process that builds on ‘the best of what is’ in an organization. The second portion of the article reports on the impact that an appreciative inquiry process had on building a collaborative culture in 22 schools located in British Columbia, Canada and reflects on its strengths and limitations.

The present paper is an attempt to explore the status of teacher education in Pakistan with reference to challenges in the field of teacher education curriculum and teacher education institutions. The objectives of this study were to find out the challenges faced by the teacher education institutions and to highlight the factors responsible for the low performance of the teacher education institutions. It was a theoretical study in which available related literature was explored. Major findings inferred from review were that teachers educators are reluctant to change in curriculum or in teaching methods, the entry criteria into teacher education programmes is low, usually whoever does not get any other opportunity, his/her last choice becomes teaching, no national standards for entry qualification of teachers, lack of professionalism in teacher educators, isolated curriculum which has no connection with realities of classroom and school environment, lack of planning for teaching practice, political interference, lack of infrastructure and lack of research and innovations in the area of teacher education, lack of promotion structure of in-service teachers and lack of Incentives for teachers for appearing in continuous professional development programmes. The quality education is strongly related to the quality of teacher education in any education system. Today, teacher education institutions are facing multiple problems and confronted with number of challenges. In order to face these challenges we need complete renovation of our teacher education programmes. The status of teacher education in Pakistan can be raised by certain measures in order to meet the challenges in teacher education field offering incentives for educators for successful implementation of any innovative programmes of teacher education, raising the entry criteria /standards of into teaching profession, making teaching profession attractive , teachers’ training for developing professionalism in teachers, course on professional ethics, courses may be redesigned to make it correlated with real practices and problems of classroom and school, teacher education curriculum may be made more practice-oriented rather merely theory- oriented, raising, budget for education, stopping political interference in teachers’ selection and transfer, introducing separate teacher education cadre and a national commission for teacher education, conducting research for resolving teacher education problems and bringing innovations in teacher education programmes, relating in-service teacher education programmes to teachers’ concern.

The purpose of this study was to determine the relationships among leadership styles and employee performance in higher education. The study was examining the impact of transformational, transactional and Laissez-Faire leadership styles on employee performance. The study was conducted through descriptive a cross – sectional study involving a self administered questionnaire was used as the measuring instrument. The study population comprised all staff in University of Somalia Registration with 310 numbers. Slovin’s formula or method was used to determine the sample size and the sample number was calculated 76 one. Stratified sampling was used in this research.the data was collected and then analyses was used SPSS. And presented in tables, charts and pie charts. The results showed that transformational leadership style, transactional leadership style and lazier-faire leadership styles all have positive but weak impact on employee performance in Universities in Somalia. Recommendations based on these research findings are intended to aid University of Somalia to improve its employee’s performance by training managers and leaders to use styles of leadership. Leadership training program is more important than ever. And also, as the study found that there is a positive relationship between the three styles and employee performance in UNISO, and that indicates there may exist other variables which influence employee performance, so the researcher recommends that UNISO should launch another research to find those other variables.

Management nowadays is something more than a job or a profession and it became the combination of science, art, skill. Managers in such a complex and dynamic industrial societies of these days, regarding the increasing knowledge in all fields and unreliable conditions of global competitive, cannot succeed just by using managing skills and there is no option but using leadership skills. Management is the art of making others do the job for you, but leadership is the process of influence others in the way that they conduct the work of their own accord and prefer the organization's interest to their own in all areas. A manager needs four skills: understanding, humanity, technical, and specialist. So he can do his duties such as planning, coordinating, organizing, controlling and supervising leadership and guidance, budgeting and industrial innovating. the manager's characteristics are (managing knowledge, art, experience and intrinsic management competency; however a leader must have characteristics such as great intelligence ,self-control ,self-confidence, charm ,speech influence ,high understanding ,emotional stability in addition to above items) and therefore ,when science and technology leaders come to an agreement and experience the deepest human relationship with their employees ,they achieve the most successful outcomes. The fast changes are permanent in the nowadays industrial world and leaders most perform different roles in this changing world so they can be successful in all aspects. Effort for success in the new science, specially nano technology and it`s application in the petroleum industry, definitely needs to such leaders who can lead the employees through the recognition of their potentials and used each of them in its place and to help leaders to achieve results.

Maximising academic learning time has been identified as a critical tool for improving student achievement. The study aimed at assessing factors that influence the utilisation of teaching time allocated to primary schools, how distortions in the allocated time affect teaching curriculum, and measures in place to ensure that instructional time is efficiently utilised in schools within the Sekondi-Takoradi Metropolis. Descriptive research design was adopted for the study. Stratified sampling procedure was used to sample 63 respondents. Questionnaire and observation guide were used as instruments for collecting data. SPSS version 17 and Microsoft Excel 2007 Edition were used to analyse the data. Descriptive statistics, chi square and one sample t-test were used to describe the data.

This paper discusses the relevance of content analysis as a methodological tool in the study of conflict situation in Nigeria. It attempts to test the widely held assumption that poverty is the major reason for the growing number of insurgencies in the country in recent time. The central argument put forth here is that despite the weakness associated with content analysis in terms of validity and reliability, it can be used to effectively examine the content of communication, especially in conflict situations. Thus, this paper seeks to identify the link between quality research and effective policy process in Nigeria. The paper relies essentially on secondary sources of data. It recommend that government should adopt dialogue in resolving the problem of insurgency at its formative stage rather than the use of counter violence as is the case with the current Boko Haram insurgency.

Africa is currently challenged with an eroding ethical leadership base across the continent. The foundation of past ethical thought and exploring authoritative sources has led to a general understanding and consensus of what ethics should subscribe to. Africa, and South Africa in particular, is at a junction where the quest for a renewed spirit and united front for re-establishing an ethical foundation is eminent. Higher education and evolving curriculum in typical leadership programmes is important in sewing a ‘golden thread’ throughout every curriculum thus portraying the critical importance of a renewed thrust in strategic community development globally. To solve the current dilemma that is fragmenting the continent regarding the degeneration of ethical conduct amongst current leadership in Africa, the paper undertakes to concentrate on possible models and the essence thereof for innovative ethical solutions to emerge. Developing higher education global systems and critically evaluating policy, practice and its evolving implementation that incorporates a paradigm of thinking that not only takes into account the past (in-the-box thinking), the current evolving ‘outside-of-the-box’ thinking but explores a shift that encourages teaching, learning and innovation with a renewed higher education basket of tools. The ultimate journey is a new focus on a shift toward ‘without-the-box’ thinking for further development in higher education using a learner-centred approach in a flipped classroom environment thus encouraging a renewed ethos embedded in an innovative future professional that should emerge. The outcome is a renewed approach to revitalise higher education in a fast and vibrant technological global environment, encouraging a new generation of dynamic, strategic African leaders that can address the on-going evolving sustainable development leadership challenges which are currently fragmenting and destabilising the continent.

This article discusses the role of the counselor as a leader in the development of TVET in Malaysian universities. Various issues related to the development of children in the area. Today's society thinks that counseling is a professional services performed by a competent and qualified counselors in the counseling field. According to Abdul Halim, (2000) counseling services in Malaysia has just created as a result of the UNESCO declaration to the Ministry of Education through an expert consultant RK MacKenzie from Canada. In 1962 to 1963, he has trained managers from state education departments in matters related to counseling and guidance. As a result of this effort, a book on School Services Guide was published by Macmillan in 1966. Role of the counselor is seen from the four aspects of leadership, the practice of secrecy, selection of participants and follow-up (Fadilah and Maisarah 2002).

As an ability of a person influence a group of other people toward achievement targeted goal an organization is a leadership. School situation gives to most impact to school leadership, to the classroom and also to the administration. Classroom practiced by the teachers not only giving impact to the achievement of the classroom itself but to all of the person in the classroom. This article writes how role the teacher leadership has developed and influence classroom teaching and learning.

This study was designed to test the path-goal theory of leadership in an educational setting. It investigated the relationship among directive and participative leadership behavior of degree college principals, and faculty job satisfaction, acceptance of leader and job expectancies, moderated by teachers’ need for autonomy. The questionnaire comprised of a combination of instruments measuring directive and participative leadership styles, need for autonomy and all three subordinate outcomes along with two scales for measuring role ambiguity and stress of the principals for controlling their affects. MANCOVA was used to know the moderating affect of need for autonomy on the relationship of leadership style and subordinates’ outcomes controlling the effect of role ambiguity and stress of the principals. Findings indicated that the need for autonomy differentially affected subordinate outcomes relationships with directive and participative leader behaviors. Two out of six hypotheses were according to the predictions of theory. All the results of the study were discussed in relation to the path-goal theory.