Archives-October 2016

Ultrasonic velocities, viscosities and densities of binary liquid mixtures containing dimethyl carbonate and cresols (ortho, meta and para) have been measured at temperatures T= (303.15, 308.15, 313.15 and 318.15) K over the entire mole fraction range of dimethyl carbonate. The theoretical values of ultrasonic velocity were evaluated using Nomoto’s relation (UNR), impedance relation (UIR), ideal mixing relation (UIMR), Jungie’s relation (UJR), and Rao’s specific velocity relation(UR).The molecular interaction parameter (?) has been evaluated from the values of experimental and theoretical velocities. The experimental data of viscosity is used to test the applicability of semi empirical relations of various viscosity models like Grunberg–Nissan, Katti–Chaudhri, Heric–Brewer and Hind et al. for the systems studied. On the basis of the values of interaction parameters (d) of these viscosity models and interaction parameter (?) obtained from various velocity models ,the nature of molecular interactions between the components of mixtures have been explained.

The development of new technology increases the exposure level to non-ionizing EMF radiations. Recent development of spatial data management in the framework of GIS has created a new trend of environmental mapping. In this work, maps for different EMF sources have been developed for the Baghdad city using Arc Map GIS version 10, the utilization of such spatial analysis maps is very important for future planning and EMF exposure assessment studies. Statistical analysis for measurement data was made using IBM SPSS Version 20. The maximum contribution of EMF exposure was referred to FM radio stations and GSM mobile base station due to high power transmitters and large number of base stations, maximum EMF strength caused by FM radio stations was 10.2 (V/m) and the average exposure level 3.578 (V/m). High-level exposure values unveil the necessity of imposing new recommendations and limits concerning stations site selection and reducing exposure levels in residential areas as low as possible.

In this study all the four basins of Dal lake were studied for various physico-chemical parameters in all the seasons and the eight different vegetable gardens falling within the Dal Lake area were selected to study their impact on the water quality of the Dal. The various parameters were analysed and accordingly measures were suggested to restore the quality of Dal.

Giardiasis is a diarrheal disease caused by a flagellate protozoan Giardia lamblia infecting both human and animals. These parasites live in the intestines and are passed in feces. Outside the body, Giardia can survive for weeks or months. Giardia may be found in every region around the world. Mode of spreading is mainly through oral route mostly via contaminated water. Symptoms include diarrhea, gas or flatulence, greasy stool that can float, abdominal cramps, nausea, and dehydration accompanied by weight loss. WHO estimates that over 90% of diarrheal cases can be prevented by enhancing the availability of clean water and improving hygiene and sanitation measures. Some people with Giardia infection may remain asymptomatic hence acting as reservoirs for the parasite. Lack of safe water as a sanitation hazard has not been comprehensively studied. This cross section study was carried out to determine the point prevalence of G. lamblia amongst out-patients who attended Sio port sub-county hospital between the period of May-July 2014. To determine the point prevalence of G. lamblia and to determine the most affected gender and age-group(s).: Simple random sample method were used, to enroll three hundred and fifty three (353) participants. Stool was microscopically studied to identify presence of a trophozoite (in case the stool is diarrhoeic) and for a cyst of a G.lamblia (in case it is formed or semi-formed stool). Data was collected and analysed by discriptive statistics and presented in form of tables, pie charts and graphs. Female were the most affected (78.2%) as compared to male (21.8%). The most affected age-group was 26-30 years (21%), followed by 0-5years (18.5%) and the least affected was 41years and above (3.4%). Point prevalence of G.lamblia was concluded to be 33.7%. Prevalence of G. lamblia among out-patients was 33.7% with the highest being in the age-bracket of 26-30 (21%) and female being the most affected sex with the prevalence rate of 78.2%. Therefore giardiasis is a health problem in areas where proper personal hygiene is not taken into consideration.

This article shows that right to vote is a recognized human right, under many international human rights instruments, that should be respected and ensured to citizens without any discrimination. It, after scrutinizing the election laws of Ethiopia via the mirror of the constitution and international human rights instruments, determines that the election laws of Ethiopia, which prohibit prisoners’ right to vote, are unconstitutional and recommends the Ethiopian government to reconcile it again.

In this paper, we present the hyperchaotic dynamics of a four-dimensional autonomous Van der Pol–Duffing oscillator circuit. This circuit, which is capable of realizing the behavior of every member of Van der Pol–Duffing family, consists of just four linear elements (inductors and capacitors), a negative conductor and a cubic non-linear element. The route followed is a transition from regular behavior to Chaos and then to hyperchaos through period three-doubling bifurcation, as the system parameter is varied. The hyperchaotic dynamics, characterized by more than one positive Lyapunov exponents, is described by a set of four coupled first-order ordinary differential equations. This has been investigated extensively using laboratory experiments and numerical analysis.

The study of fully developed mixed convection Couette flow of a nano fluid between two vertical parallel plates, with asymmetric thermal and nanoparticle concentration conditions at the walls, filled by a nanofluid has been studied. The nanofluid model used in this paper takes into account the lower plate moving velocity, Brownian diffusion and the thermophoresis effects and the analysis is based on analytical solutions. Analytical expressions for the fully developed velocity, temperature and nanoparticle concentration profiles as well as for the Nusselt and Sherwood numbers at the left wall of the channel are obtained and analysed.

The vertebral arteries (VA) are most important vessels for posterior cerebral circulations. The anomalous aortic origin of the left vertebral artery (LVA) is relatively common congenital anomalies, incidence up to 84.8%. On the dissected human heart specimens with the aortic arch branches, we observed two different patterns of anomalous aortic arch origin of left vertebral artery. The unusual aortic arch origin of LVA was observed between the LCCA & LSA in one specimen and after LSA in another. The present study aimed to establish the concept of the embryological basis behind the common anomalous aortic origin of left vertebral artery.

In this work, the vibrational characteristics of 1-hydroxynaphthalene-2-carboxylicacid (1HN2CA) have been investigated and both the experimental and theoretical vibrational data indicate the presence of functional groups in the title molecule. The density functional theoretical (DFT) computations were performed at the B3LYP/(ccPVDZ, 6-311+G(d)) levels to derive the optimized geometry, vibrational wavenumbers with IR and Raman intensities. Furthermore, the molecular orbital calculations such as natural bond orbital’s (NBOs), HOMO–LUMO energy gap and Mapped molecular electrostatic potential (MEP) surfaces were also performed with the same level of DFT. The thermal flexibility of molecule in associated with vibrational temperature was also illustrated on the basis of correlation graphs. The detailed interpretation of the vibrational spectra has been carried out with the aid of potential energy distribution (PED) results obtained quantum chemical calculations. The delocalization of electron density of various constituents of the molecule has been discussed with the aid of NBO analysis.

As a progressive and studied writer, Dionne Brand takes into her hand the responsibility of dealing with all the issues confronted by men and women and children of the Black community being not only the members of the proletarian class, but also because of belonging to the Black race. Right from the sufferings of the Blacks during slavery down through the periods of feudalism, early capitalism, the colonial period, the neo-colonial period and also globalisation-ruling currency are subject matter in her works. As a member of the Black community, she is committed to the task of unravelling the exploitative past and present of her people. She does it with panache and power.