Archives-May 2017

This research focused on determination of buckling stress values of internally pressurized unstiffened imperfect thin cylindrical shell under axial compression. The method of solution was carried out by the use of nonlinear large deflection theory and the effect of initial imperfections in the strain-displacement equations was considered. The Ritz method was used to determine the buckling stress parameter of the shell. Numerical examples were carried out ; it was found that as imperfect ratio increases, the buckling stress values decreases at constant wavelength ratio, deflection parameters, radius of curvature, internal pressure and thickness of the shell. However, with the use of varying values of imperfect ratio, wavelength ratio, deflection parameters and thickness of the shell at constant internal pressure and radius of curvature, the buckling stress values progressively to a maximum point known as the critical value and then depreciate progressively. This nonlinear analysis in the Ritz method and the imperfect ratio is responsible for the behaviour of the cylindrical shell.

This paper introduces a new improved ratio estimator for population mean in stratified random sampling using calibration estimation theory. Following the results of an empirical study, it is deduced that the proposed estimator is substantially more efficient than existing estimators of its class.

This paper provides a unified framework for chain ratio-product estimation and proposes a generalized chain ratio-product estimator for estimating population mean in stratified sampling. The bias and variance expressions of the proposed estimator have been derived under large sample approximation. Asymptotic optimum estimator (AOE) and its approximate variance estimator are derived with conditions for allowable departure identified. Some existing estimators in theory are obtained and shown to be particular members of the proposed estimator under certain restrictions. Analytical comparisons of the AOE with other existing estimators showed that the AOE is substantially more efficient under certain realistic conditions.

This study is a descriptive survey conducted on four primary schools based in the Kgalagadi North Sub-District in Botswana with purpose to cross-examine the instructional challenges faced by teachers based at schools in remote areas. After establishment of validity, interviews were conducted (individual and focus group). Results show that all the four remote schools sampled had homogeneous instructional challenges. Of the challenges, teachers identified discipline and academic challenges as a major factor in all the sampled schools. Even though parental support related challenges did not feature prominently in this study, the study identified that parents we not active in supporting their children in learning. The frequency of these challenges was found to be hampering positive academic output. These challenges were perceived to be capable of adversely affecting Botswana’s national objectives of Vision 2016 pillar of, an educated and informed nation. The study found out that learner achievement at remote schools is low and that parents are not actively involved in their children's education. The final thought of the study was that teachers based at remote schools need capacity building to deal with instructional challenges to enhance their effectiveness. On this ground, the researcher agrees with literature on the need for family learning as an approach to assist parents to support their children.

Methyl-2-dihydroxyphenylsulfide was synthesized with the aim of characterizing antioxidant action. Its ability to break off oxidation chain in the reaction with peroxide radicals, as well as parameter of f•k which characterizes inhibiting activity of inhibitor, were studied.

Nowadays, empowerment, as well-known tool that managers by it will be able, today's organizations that have features such as a variety of channels through growing reliance on horizontal structure and partner networks, little difference directors and employees of each other, and reduce organizational affiliation are run efficiently. Therefore, this study seeks to answer the question of which factors affecting the staff empowerment, job satisfaction for them now, the are. The influence of the factors affecting empowerment, job satisfaction and, as a case study, the staff of the Ayandeh bank , using the so-called correlation, and the questionnaire is analyzed. The sample size of the study population according to the investigations, about 460 of them are, according to Cochran formula, was estimated at 210 people. In this study, after collecting data from test to test, Pearson (Pearson), to determine the extent and degree of the relationship between two variables is used. Results indicate that, competency, job satisfaction among the staff of the Ayandeh bank , self-organizing job satisfaction, effectiveness, job satisfaction, a sense of meaning, job satisfaction and trust in others, job satisfaction, respectively, with the significant 0/028, 0/003, 0/04, 0/048, 0/002, A significant and positive relationship, and so all hypotheses of the study were approved.

Necessary to achieve the objectives of the organization, the most valuable resources. In this context, growth, progress, prosperity, and enhance the capabilities of employees, as employee empowerment, has been of interest to scholars and experts. The influence of the factors affecting empowerment, job satisfaction and, as a case study, the staff at the Ayandeh bank , using the so-called solidarity, and through the analysis questionnaire. In this study, the model of empowerment Spreitzer, has been considered. The sample size of the study population according to the investigations, about 460 people-are, according to Cochran formula, was estimated at 210 people. To collect information from the sample, and to test the hypotheses is set to the survey, the survey, a total of 30 questions designed to the 17 questions translated questions Spritzer, and according to the Terms, the Ayandeh bank , have been implemented, as well as questions 1 to 13, separately, related to employee job satisfaction, according to Susan Linz model is used. In this study, after collecting data, regression testing, to determine the extent and degree of the relationship between two variables is used. Results indicate that, competence and job satisfaction of the staff at the Ayandeh bank , self-organizing job satisfaction, effectiveness and job satisfaction, meaningful sense of job satisfaction, and trust others with job satisfaction, respectively, significantly 0.000, 0.000, 0.000, 0.000, 0.000, influence, and so all hypotheses of the study were approved.

In the years after the revolution, the establishment of border markets, a new step in the direction of making more efficient border transactions. Despite the prominent role of these centers, the development of exchanges, regional, and economic prosperity of the region, performers plaza and along the border show that the balance of trade areas was negative, and often the activity of import that, should their role in the economic well-being influence, and on this basis to the market, investigated and evaluated, so that appropriate planning, it was based on. This study is based on a descriptive analysis and aimed to investigate the role and impact of border markets Parvizkhan in improving the economic situation of the inhabitants of the region, has been discussed. The population, including people working in the border area Feedback Pervez Khan, to the number 2320, which, according to Cochran formula, 300 people were selected as sample. In this research, data analysis, one-sample t-test was used. Results show that the mean responses provided by respondents, the impact of border markets, on the regional economy 3/447,from 5 is that if this average, to extend community, with 95 percent of the average responses people between 3/393 to 3/501 is, and because of this number (3/447), the number 3 (1 very low 2 low 3 middle) is larger, it can be concluded, the impact of border markets, the economy of the region, is almost too much. On the other hand, because Sig = 0, smaller than 0/05, this test is statistically significant. This in employment, income and drug trafficking, has led to improvements.

Review the problems of border markets in regional development and prosperity stated that despite the prominent role of border markets, the development of exchanges regional balance of trade in the region north and North West, negative and often work imported, and the regulations, management system in the marketplace, so not serious, and requires a favorable approach to management. Accordingly, with respect to the role of border markets, in social prosperity, and its impact on economic and social prosperity, be sure to research to be done, and the results analyzed and evaluated. Research, in terms of method, the cross-sectional studies, and the purpose of the methods is applied, the role and the effectiveness of border markets of Parvizkhan, improve the social situation of the region's residents. The population, including people working in the border area Parvizkhan Market, to the number 2320, which, according to Cochran formula, 300 people were selected as sample. In this research, data analysis, one-sample t-test was used. The results showed that the mean of the responses provided by respondents, the impact of border markets, the social issues of the region, 3/3417 from 5, if this mean to extend the society, with 95 percent of the average of responses people between 3/292 to 3/392 is, and because of this number (3/3417), the number 3 (1 very low 2 low 3 middle) is larger, it can be concluded, the impact of border markets on social issues in the region, almost too is. In other hand, because Sig = 0 is smaller than 0/05, this test statistically, is significant. Also in the field of welfare, security, and reduce migration also been influential.

The right to defend is one of the most sacred rights of human which guarantees rights and freedoms of individuals. In fact, recognition of the right to defend for society members against infringing their rights and freedoms is very necessary. Because the right to defend in its deep and expanded concept means "applying the reasoning ability and power of words by using legal instruments to eliminate attributed accusation in the presence of the judicial authorities". Maintaining social order and defending the society rights is limited and balanced with protecting the rights of the accused ,so the defense of the interests of society shouldn't be led to ignorance of the rights of the accused. When a person is charged with a crime, he is in danger of being deprived of freedom and he may sustain other prohibitions . Nowadays the defense rights of accused are one of the important principles of fair trial, as well as, in international and regional documents the rules and regulations of the country are considered and supported. This right has also been taken into consideration in Iranian laws and the charter of International Criminal Court . Therefore, this study includes studying the defense right of the accused in system of criminal justice in Iran and the International Criminal Court. In this study the needed data is collected by using documentary processes and scientific resources .The results of this study show that in criminal justice system and criminal courts in Iran, the cases of right to compensate the losses of illegal arrestment , right to enjoy adequate time and facilities to prepare the defense, right to be informed the charges, the right to have interpreter, the presumption of innocence, the right to defend personally or through an attorney, investigator 's avoidance of compulsory confessions have been considered.