Archives-May 2013

With the progress of VLSI technology, delay buffer plays an important role affecting the circuit design and performance. This paper presents the design of low power buffer using clock gating and gated driver tree. Since delay buffers are accessed sequentially, it adopts a gated clock ring counter addressing scheme. The ring counter employs double edge triggered (DET) flip flops instead of traditional flip flop to half the operating frequency. Also for generating clock gating signals, combinational elements (C-element) are implemented in the control logic to avoid the increasing loading of the global clock signal. For the clock distribution network, a gated driver tree technique is used and it further reduces the power consumption. In addition, this technique is used in the input and output ports of the memory to decrease their loading. The proposed delay buffer consumes less power comparing to the conventional delay buffers.

The main aim of edge detection operation is a method to detect the presence of object image that commonly used in the field of image processing. The most well known technique for edge detection is gradient-based. There are number of methods that have been used to make an implementation of a gradient-based Edge detection algorithm design. This project proposes a design and implementation of gradient based edge detection algorithm using of Sobel & prewitt operator. Sobel operator is better noise suppression characteristics when compared to other operators such as Robert operator &2 order laplacian operator & others. An original image is converted into grayscale to obtain image intensity for edge detection. Sobel & prewitt operators are used for computing digital gradients. The whole process is performed in the hardware level. The result shows good performance of edge detection with which is able to detect just within 2ms.

Using ad-hoc network a reliable technological condition has been provided for automatic Real-time monitoring and control of forest fires. This paper presents a new type of early warning systems which use a wireless sensor network to collect the information of forest fire, wireless sensor motes constitute microcontroller and zigbee protocol for smart monitoring and control the network through the self-organization of route.

Processing blurred images is a key problem in many image applications. Existing methods to obtain blur invariants which are invariant with respect to centrally symmetric blur are based on geometric moments or complex moments. In this paper, we propose a new method to construct a set of blur invariants using the orthogonal Legendre moments. Some important properties of Legendre moments for the blurred image are presented and proved. The performance of the proposed descriptors is evaluated with various point-spread functions and different image noises. The comparison of the present approach with previous methods in terms of pattern recognition accuracy is also provided. Theexperimental results show that the proposed descriptors are more robust to noise and have better discriminative power than the methods based on geometric or complex moments.

In this era of development, the construction industry is one of the most important sectors that contribute to the economy and a catalyst for other industries. As a result, the demand for skilled and semi-skilled workers is increasing. This demand has raised the status of Technical And Vocational Education in line with the other courses. However, there are several issues that arise in the employment sector where based on previous studies, this problem arises due to the weakness of human factors within the context of ineffective leadership. Leadership is an important aspect in the form of an organization to achieve the goals, vision, mission and objectives are kept by the organization. In this title, it will discuss leadership in education. In fact, we will discuss also the demand for technical and vocational education. Then we will look about the working environment in which the leadership is very important element.

Character recognition, usually abbreviated to optical character recognition or shortened OCR, is the mechanical or electronic translation of images of handwritten, typewritten or printed text (usually captured by a scanner) into machine-editable text. It is a field of research in pattern recognition, artificial intelligence and machine vision. Though academic research in the field continues, the on character recognition has For many document-input tasks, character recognition is the most cost-effective and speedy method available. And each year, the technology frees acres of storage space once given over to file cabinets and boxes full of paper documents. The objective of this paper is to identify handwritten characters with the use of neural networks. We have to construct suitable neural network and train it properly. The program should be able to extract the characters one by one and map the target output for training purpose. After automatic processing of the image, the training dataset has to be used to train “classification engine” for recognition purpose. The program code has to be written in MATLAB and supported with the usage of Graphical User Interface (GUI).

This study was conducted to investigate the relationship between job challenge and the experience of burnout among four groups of health workers in Ekiti State University Teaching Hospital, Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria. One hundred and forty health workers were selected through purposive sampling from the Ekiti State University Teaching Hospital. The sample consists of 16 pharmacists, 30 health assistants, 36 doctors and 58 nurses. Perceived Job challenge Measure and Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) were the instruments used for the study. Four hypotheses were tested using Pearson Product Moment Correlation Coefficient. Results from this study revealed that there was a significant relationship between job challenge and burnout among health workers in Ekiti State, Nigeria. Also, positive stimulation, a component of job challenge had a positive relationship with burnout. Competence testing, another component of job challenge was found to be significantly related to dehumanisation and global burnout. While there was no relationship found between the uncertainty, the last component of job challenge and burnout. Findings were discussed in the light of previous literature on job challenge and burnout and appropriate recommendations were made.

In present research investigation effect of antibiotics and vitamins on the activity of enzyme cellulase of post-harvest fungi of sapota fruits were studied. It was found that vitamins, amino acids and antibiotics significantly inhibit cellulase action of post-harvest sapota fungi. Vitamins, Folic acid and Riboflavin has been retarded cellulase action. It was observed that Arginine monochloride and Threonine inhibited enzyme action in Rhizoctonia solani (7mm, 8mm) and Geotrichum candidum (8mm, 10mm). It is interesting to note that Ampicillin inhibited cellulase activity in all the tested fungi.

This article examines the position of the Sunnah of the Prophet in both Islamic espitemology and Western scholarship. The purposes are to scrutinize the perspectives of Islam and the West on the issue of Sunnah’s authenticity and to analyze its position in the Islamic espitemology and the Western scholarship. The method used to complete the writing is library study, which involve the collection of data and information, followed by their analysis to compare and contrast the differences. It is found that Islam firmly recognized the position of the Sunnah and the role that Prophet Muhammad played in bringing and teaching it. The West, however, are reluctant to acknowledge the position of the Sunnah and their denial is closely associated with their denial of Prophet Muhammad. The article implies that one needs to arm himself with a sound understanding of the Sunnah and to be well-versed in the knowledge to ensure that he is clear about the position of the sacred source of Islam, i.e the Sunnah.

The dispersion of a solute in an annulus modeling blood as Herschel-Bulkley fluid is studied by using the generalized dispersion model. The impact of the presence of catheter and the non- Newtonian nature of blood is studied. It is observed that the yield stress and presence of catheter inhibit the rate of dispersion. The dispersion coefficient is found to be dependent on the yield stress of the fluid, the power law index of the fluid and the annular gap. The steady state value of dispersion is found to decrease in the order Newtonian, Bingham, Power law and Herschel-Bulkley fluids consecutively. The results of this model can be applied to understand the role played by the size of the catheter on the process of dispersion in a catheterized artery. A comparison of the dispersion coefficient and concentration has been made in the Newtonian, Bingham, Power law and Herschel-Bulkley fluids