Archives-March 2016

The extent of departure of a set of data from the fundamental assumptions required by a test is often very important in the determination of the appropriate statistical test to be applied. Some test statistics are more robust to the departure from certain underlying assumptions than others. Hence, the study was aimed at examining the robustness or non-robustness of the F-test statistic in the two-way Interactive Balanced Design. The data used for the study were tested against the three basic assumptions of analysis of variance which include normality, independence and homogeneity of variance assumptions. The results show that even when the normality and homogeneity of variance assumptions were violated, the F-test still yields good results. Hence, it was concluded that the F-test is robust to the normality and homogeneity of variance assumptions. Based on the results of the study, it was recommended that large sample size should always be used in carrying out any experiment involving the applications of analysis of variance. It was also recommended that the rank transformation is a step in the right direction whenever our data fail to conform with the assumptions of ANOVA prior to the conventional ANOVA test since it yields result in test which are more robust to the non-normal and resistance to outliers and non-homogeneity of variance.

This paper evaluates the economic impact of projects fund and personnel costs of propagation on operating performance of the country's two main products, namely wheat and canola, between the years 1997-2007, in Parsabad Moghan region. In this study, data is consisting of three sections: descriptive analysis, and regression relations. In regression analysis, "projects’ fund and propagation of personnel costs" is the independent variable; and “wheat yield" as well as "canola yield" are dependent variables which are inserted into two separate equations, respectively. And given the significance of the value of F (P = 0/0000), in both equations, and also with regard to the high amount of R ¬ 2, it can be concluded that propagation credits are the major role in increasing or reducing the performance of these two products. It can also be concluded that the effect of propagation in increasing the wheat is more than canola yield and it is able to explain 91% of the performance of this product. Also, given the amount of R2, the credits in the case of canola is able to explain 71% of the changes in performance of this product.

Nanotechnology deals with various structures of matter having dimensions of the order of a billionth (1x10^-9) of a meter. In recent years nanotechnology has become one of the most important and exciting forefront fields in physics, chemistry, engineering and biology. Particles which are smaller than the characteristic lengths associated with particular phenomena often display new chemistry and physics, leading to new behavior which depends on the size. So, for example, the electronic structure, conductivity, reactivity, melting temperature and mechanical properties have all been observed to change when particles become smaller than a critical size. Nanotechnology is expected to enable environmentally friendly mass production at low cost. It is also expected that nanotechnology will prove to be useful in the development of light and strong materials, biomedical materials pharmaceutical materials and multifunctional intelligent materials. Many important nanostructures are composed of the group IV elements Si or Ge, type III-V semiconducting compounds such as Ga As, or type II-VI semiconducting materials such as CdS, CdSe, so these semiconductors materials will be used to illustrate some of the bulk properties that become modified with incorporation into nano-structures.

Paenibacillus polymyxa was used in pretreatment of hematite to facilitate the flocculation removal of quartz and pyrolusite minerals. The adsorption results showed that the affinity of P. polymyxa to the three minerals according to the order: pyrolusite> quartz >hematite all over the pH range. On applying P. polymyxa bacterial strain, to be used as sole flocculating reagent, to selectively separate hematite from its mixture with pyrolusite at pH 6.5 and 5x109 cell/ml succeeded in the removal of 73.5 % of MnO2 as a concentrate containing about 2.65% MnO2 was obtained from a feed containing about 9.97 % MnO2 with 77 % Wt. % flocculated. Applying the same conditions for flocculation of a natural iron ore yielded a concentrate containing 2.54% MnO2, 0.25% SiO2 and 74.40% Fe2O3 with a recovery of 75% from a feed containing 8.79% MnO2 , 0.49% SiO2 and 67.90% Fe2O3. In this paper, the role of Paenibacillus polymyxa on the surface properties of the three single minerals has been studied through zeta potential measurements as well as the adsorption experiments. Complete characterization of both single minerals and bacteria strain have been done using XRF, SEM, and FTIR.

The Einstein generalized general relativity Lagrangian dependent on the second derivatives of the field, when use together with poison equation causes the mass term in the Lagrangian disappear. This means that Higgs field which was proposed to generate mass need to be revised. The work also aimed to see how Einstein generalized general relativity Lagrangian can affect Higgs field.

Background: The caesarean section rate has increased all over the world for the past 3 decades. This has now become an issue of intemational public health concern. Obstetric intervention would have the risks to both the mother and baby.There is no clinical evidence justified caesarean section lead to better outcomes. Methods: The main objective of this clinical audit was to test if maternal and neonatal outcomes improved with increase in caesarean section rate. An observational retrospective study was carried out in our university hospital from January 2004 till January 2014.Data were collected from registered files at the department of gynecology and obstetrics in El-Minia University Hospital from January 2004 to January 2014. Data included personal history (age, residence), medical history, obstetric history (antenatal care, number of pregnancies, number of labor) operative details and suspected cause of death. In situations where these data were deficient, verbal autopsy was done through interview with patient relatives or phoning them. Results: There was a significant increase in caesarean section rate from 18.4% in 2004 to 23.6% in 2014. Failure of progress and fetal distress were the primary indications for emergency caesarean section, while previous caesarean birth, maipresentation and maternal request were common reasons for elective caesarean section. Both maternal request and repeat caesarean section were significantly increased across 10- year study period. Advanced maternal age was indicated as a contributing factor for caesarean section.Maternal blood loss was significantly higher in women with caesarean section than normal vaginal delivery and assisted delivery. More obstetric perineal trauma was found in women with normal vaginal births.Subgroups of gestational age less than 33 weeks and birth weight 1 toI .5kg had the highest caesarean section rate. Newborns delivered by caesarean section had lower Apgar score i minute after birth than those by normal vaginal delivery. Higher rate of admission to neonatal intensive care unit was found in newborns delivered by caesarean section. More serious birth trauma occurred in newborns by instrumental delivery. Conclusion: caesarean section rate is significantly increased in those with previous history of caesarean section (11.16%).The main indications were done in primiparas and fetal distress. A 4.02% decrease was found in sections done for fetal distress. Key words: caesarean section, maternal outcome, fetal outcome

The proposed system applies to all Police stations across the country and specifically looks into the subject of Crime Records Management. It is well understood that Crime Prevention, Detection and Conviction of criminals depend on a highly responsive backbone of Information Management. The efficiency of the police function and the effectiveness with which it tackles crime depend on what quality of information it can derive from its existing records and how fast it can have access to it. It is proposed to centralize Information Management in Crime for the purposes of fast and efficient sharing of critical information across all Police Stations across the territory. Initially, the system will be implemented across Cities and Towns and later on, be interlinked so that a Police detective can access information across all records in the state thus helping speedy and successful completion to cases. The System would also be used to generate information for pro-active and preventive measures for fighting crime. The project has been planned to be having the view of distributed architecture, with centralized storage of the database. The application for the storage of the data has been planned. Using the constructs of SQL server and all the user interfaces have been designed using the DOT Net technologies. The standards of security and data protective mechanism have been given a big choice for proper usage. The application takes care of different modules and their associated reports, which are produced as per the applicable strategies and standards that are put forwarded by the administrative staff.

This paper investigate the effects of radiation and first order homogeneous chemical reaction on MHD boundary layer flow of a viscous incompressible radiating fluid towards a porous exponential stretching sheet in the presence of heat generation and viscous dissipation. The governing non linear partial differential equations are transformed into ordinary differential equations by using similarity variables. The resultant system of equations is solved numerically by using Runge-Kutta method along with shooting technique. The effects of governing parameters on the dimensionless velocity, temperature and concentration are discussed graphically while the skin friction coefficient, Nusselt number, Sherwood number are presented in tables. Moreover, the results thus obtained are also compared with the existing literature and were found to be in good agreement for special cases of previous literature

Although Ethiopia is working hard to exploit its enormous potential of beekeeping through the introduction of improved hives and capacity building, the country has been challenged by absence of appropriate queen rearing practice. This paper tries to review existing situations of queen rearing and colony multiplication in Tigray region of Ethiopia. In order to the bridge gaps and promote beekeeping in the region, higher education and research institutions should focus on the establishment of bee centers committed for research and bee breeding programs whereas the extension should target on capacity building for beekeepers to accomplish queen rearing and bee breeding effectively.

This study investigates the predicted effects of climatic factors during convenient intervals (in days) on cotton flower and boll production compared with daily observations. Also, covers the statistical relationship between climatic variables and aspects of cotton production and the effects of climatic factors prevailing prior to flowering or subsequent to boll setting on flower and boll production and retention in cotton. Further, cotton flower and boll production as affected by climatic factors and soil moisture status has been considered. Evaporation, sunshine duration, relative humidity, surface soil temperature at 1800 h, and maximum air temperature, are the important climatic factors that significantly affect flower and boll production. The least important variables were found to be surface soil temperature at 0600 h and minimum temperature. The five-day interval was found to be more adequately and sensibly related to yield parameters. Evaporation; minimum humidity and sunshine duration were the most effective climatic factors during preceding and succeeding periods on boll production and retention. There was a negative correlation between flower and boll production and either evaporation or sunshine duration, while that correlation with minimum relative humidity was positive. The soil moisture status showed low and insignificant correlation with flower and boll production. Higher minimum relative humidity, short period of sunshine duration, and low temperatures enhanced flower and boll formation.