Archives-March 2015

The effect of ampicillin and amoxicillin on the corrosion of copper in 0.1 M HCl was evaluated using potentiodynamic polarization, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and electrochemical frequency modulation (EFM) techniques. The results of polarization studies indicate that the investigated drugs are mixed type inhibitors. It was observed that inhibition efficiency increased with increasing drug concentrations and decreased with raising temperature. Thermodynamic activation and adsorption parameters were calculated and discussed. Adsorption of these drugs on the copper surface was found to follow Langmuir adsorption isotherm. The experimental results are supported by the theoretical data.

Poly(2-oxazoline)s have widely been used in biomedical applications for the last years. They can mimick natural systems and they generally used as liposomes, drug and gene deliver and pseudopeptides. In this study investigating histological effects of different doses (10 mg/L, 50mg/L) of poly(2-ethyl-2oxazoline) (PEtOx) on liver tissue of zebrafish was aimed. Adult zebrafish individuals were exposed to different doses of PEtOxfor 5 days and after that they were dissected and liver tissues removed. Histological changes at liver tissue were investigated at light microscope after hematoksilen and eosin staining. In the experimental groups, contraction in vacuoles at hepatocyte cytoplasm, hypertrophy and increase in the number of hepatocyte cells and kuppfer cells were detected.

The production of extracellular ?-amylase by thermotolerant Bacillus amyloliquefaciens was studied under solid state fermentation (SSF). Various agro- byproducts namely Wheat flour, Barley flour, Corn flour, Gram flour, Moong husk, Arhar husk, Mustard oil cake, coconut oil cake, Banana peel, Potato peel, Sweet Potato peel, Soybean hull, Wheat bran, Rice bran, and Sugarcane baggase were examined for ?- amylase production. Wheat flour was found to be best substrate for amylase production (145.56 IU/ml) in phosphate buffer as extracting medium. Further, the appropriate incubation period, moisture level, incubation temperature and inoculum concentration was determined. Maximum yields of 149.62 IU/ml, 144.64 IU/ml, 173.28 IU/ml, 164.48 IU/ml were achieved by employing wheat flour as substrates at temperature 37°C, pH 7, moisture content 80% and incubation period 72 h. The inoculums concentration 4ml (106cfu/ml) and phosphate concentration 0.03M were found to enhance ?- amylase yield. Media supplementation with carbon source as maltose in SSF medium increased amylase enzyme yield (167.44 IU/ml). Organic nitrogen (tryptone) and inorganic source (ammonium chloride) supplementation showed a higher enzyme production 169.16 IU/ml and 167.11 IU/ml respectively.

The rate at which oil is moved from the reservoir to the wellbore is directly proportional to the pressure draw down with other parameters kept constant, hence inflow performance relationship provides a direct relationship between the flowing bottom hole pressure and flow rate. Since the reservoir fluids are usually not single phase but are often accompanied by bottom water aquifers, oil well drilled in such reservoir may produce some water depending on the production practice, hence determining the flow rate of the individual fluids is often difficult, and in this work we have determined the real flow rate of oil in the presence of other fluids for real case in Niger Delta and also determining its IPR using IHS WellTest Simulator 2014 V2 which made use of multirate test data from a Niger Delta well. From this research it can be clearly said that if other constraints in the production tubing are kept constant, the higher the difference between the static reservoir pressure and the flowing bottom hole pressure, the higher the production rate. The idea of this pressure rate behavior will enable the Production Engineers to evaluate various operating scenarios to ascertain the optimum production. Understanding and measuring the variables that control the relationship that exist between oil and other fluids and their effect on inflow rate is the focus of this work. These issues is looked into by modeling the present conditions with the use of a simulator called FAST WELL TEST using production data from a Niger Delta well in Nigeria.

This paper is based on a real time embedded system using ARM7 processor LPC2138 to build a system that helps in achieving remote monitoring of patient's physiological parameters such as Body Temperature, Pulse Rate, Oxygen Saturation in blood and Electronic Cardiogram. If any of the patient's parameters go out of the optimum limits of the human body then an alert SMS is sent to the doctor using a GSM interface and the buzzer is activated on the patient's side to alert the patient's caretaker. The system comprises of low cost transducers for acquiring the parameters and uses MATLAB software to build the GUI for displaying the ECG of the patient on a computer. This system eases the need to keep a patient requiring continuous monitoring at the hospital. The monitoring is achieved by allowing the patient to stay at home.

This research paper empirically examines a correlation and causality between asset quality of commercial banks in India by using macro variables (linkages). The asset quality is measured in terms of rising non-performing assets (NPAs) of commercial banks. The correlation estimated between gross NPAs and the six macro variables has turned out to be significant. In addition to the study of the impact of macro linkages, sector- specific analysis is undertaken to examine the correlation between priority and non-priority sector lending and NPAs of these sectors. The Granger causality coefficients are also meaningful and significant. The paper also provides sector-specific correlation and causality analysis of gross NPAs of priority and non-priority sectors and credit to these sectors. The latter part of this paper illustrates Net Stable Funding Ratios (Base III) calculated for all scheduled commercial banks and suggests the ways to improve deteriorating quality of assets of scheduled commercial banks.

This study has made an attempt to investigate the significant determinants of private investment in Pakistan during the time span of 43 years, from 1973 to 2013, by using ARDL technique. It has been observed in this study that real gross domestic product, real exchange rate, public investment and credit to private sector are the significant determinants of private investment and the enhancements in these variables has increased private investment in Pakistan.

There are many examples for co-orbital motion in the Solar system, including temporary co-orbital companions of the Earth, raising many interesting questions. The problem of co-orbital motion is formulated in the Hamiltonian form when the larger primary is an oblate body. Different forms of the disturbing function are outlined; the relevant form is developed in terms of Laplace’s coefficients. The Hamiltonian of the problem is formed in Delaunay-like canonical elements. The ratio of the primaries’masses is considered as a small parameter of the first order while the leading oblateness term of the first primary is considered of second order. Finally, the short-period terms are eliminated from the Hamiltonian using the procedure based on Lie series and Lie transform, leaving the Hamiltonian as a function of only the secular and critical (resonant) terms.

Novels, in contemporary literature, have given us a new perspective. This is, especially, due to the presence of female writers using new story writing and narrative techniques in creating the settings. Among these is the novel under study, written by an Iranian novelist, which tends to introduce and present Iranian women’s problems and challenges. This study is, in effect, carried out on a Persian contemporary novel entitled Adat Mikonim (We’ll Get Used to It), written by Zoya Pirzad. The main character of the story is a middle-aged woman from a middle class family who is living with her daughter as well as her mother. The novel depicts the obstacles the woman faces communicating with as well as being understood by her daughter and mother.Following Hodge and Kress' (1993), the present study is carried out within the Critical Discourse framework to analyze the text. The book contains 31 chapters, out of which the first16 chapters were selected. The texts were analyzed with regard to the following properties: grammar (regarding two properties: syntagmatic models and transformations), and vocabulary (i.e., adjectives, adverbs, and verbs, with their ideological significance) The study is an attempt to depict linguistically the identity, wishes and outlooks of three women belonging to three generations, their similarities as well as differences.

Artificially contaminated soil was treated with hydrocarbon degrading bacteria previously isolated from soil that was consistently contaminated with petroleum. The consortium of bacteria used consists of Enterobacter aerogenes, Serratia marcescens and Proteus myxofaciens. immobilized in cellulosic materials such as coconut fibre and groundnut husk. The results of the laboratory tests show that the immobilized bacteria have good self life with bacteria load of 3.33 x 1022 and 3.20 x 1019 on the 1st and 28th day respectively. The immobilized bacteria system shows promise in the degradation of petroleum hydrocarbons. After 21 days of application of the immobilized bacteria system in laboratory scale degradation of Forcados light crude oil, the residual concentration of petroleum hydrocarbons decreased to 14.87% for one of the samples as compared to a residual concentration of 58.97% in the control sample. Therefore the immobilized bacteria system using cellulosic as a carrier can serve as an effective and fast bioremediation tool for cleaning up petroleum contaminated soil at low cost.