Archives-June 2016

The production of wheat crop for the year 2013-14 is estimated to be 24.2 million tons against last year’s production of 23.4 million tons. The major reasons for this enhanced production were increase in support price from Rs.1050 to Rs.1200 per 40 Kg which encouraged improved seed usage and fertilizers. There was also better weather and comparatively more water available from the reservoirs. The target for wheat production for 2013-14 has been fixed at 25.0 million tons. The fertilizer has raised the expenses of the inorganic farmers, which are not, used in organic farming. Cash cost in case of organic and inorganic farming is Rs. 23053.00 and 25846.00 respectively. The non-cash cost of organic and inorganic are Rs.19389.65 and 18815.10 respectively. Total cost is the combination of cash and non-cash costs that is Rs.42442.65 and 44661.00 in organic and inorganic farming. Gross margin (GM) is obtained by subtracting the cash cost from the gross value of product. GM is Rs.33142.65 and 36182.00 in organic and inorganic farming system. Net income is obtained by subtracting the total cost from the gross value of product. It is Rs.13752.35 and Rs.17367.00 in organic and inorganic farming, respectively showing a difference of Rs.2615.35. The analysis shows that low net income in organic farming than the inorganic farming is due to the low yield and high labor cost in organic system. Secondly health and environmental costs are not included in the analysis, because in the study site farmers are unaware of these costs.

The main purpose of this paper explore a method for determining the radial cutting forces during drilling and power spent on cutting, analytical way. Inspect and acquire the skills to work with reference books.which improved the tools efficiency .where not balanced radial components of the cutting forces ?fy, was found to specified the analytical dependences components of cutting forces. Calculations show that the vibrations of unbalanced force ?fy commensurate with magnitude fy radial component of the cutting force, and sometimes exceed this force.

Place attachment is one consequence of ‘human interacting with place’ that creates a meaningful and acceptable space for the person experiencing it. Living separated from their families and losing parts of social capital causes a sense of loneliness and lack of attachment to the new environment of dormitory among students. In this analytical-descriptive research social factors influential on place attachment have been conducted. The results show that there is a significant relation between social factors and place attachment. Personal territory, facilitated social interactions, private space and security in the stated order are the main social factors impactful on creating place attachment.

Ultrasonic velocity at 318 K in the binary systems of Methyl methacrylate + Toluene and Methyl methacrylate + Dimethylacetamide has been evaluated as a function of concentration and temperature, by using certain theoretical models like Nomoto’s relation, Impedance dependence relation, Van-Deal and Van-geel ideal mix relations, Free length theory and Jungie’s method. The experimental values of ultrasonic velocity are compared with theoretical values. The best suitable theoretical relation was found by calculating the percentage deviation and chi-square test.

Nickel oxide nanoparticles were synthesized by co-precipitation method at different solution temperatures 37?C,50? C and 70?C and calcined at 700?C.The crystalline structure of NiO NPs were studied by X-ray diffractometer ( XRD).The results confirmed the cubic structure of Nickel oxide nanoparticles and the solution temperature has no effect on crystal structure .The optical properties of the NiO samples were characterized by FT-IR,UV-VIS and PL and the morphology by scanning electron microscopy. Cyclic voltammetry characterization was carried out to study the qualitative information about the potentials at which electrochemical reactions occur.

Social history, often called the new social history, is a broad branch of history that studies the experiences of ordinary people in the past. In its "golden age" it was a major growth field in the 1960s and 1970s.History is important because it helps us to understand the present. If we will listen to what history has to say, we can come to a sound understanding of the past that will tell us much about the problems we now face. History taught to our children is playing a role in shaping their values and beliefs. This paper examine the responsibility of historians in constructing the faulty, ethnocentric and historical account of the past and contemporary Nigerian State.

“Stomach infrastructure” is a jocular slang that was coined in the heat of the build-up towards the Ekiti State gubernatorial elections that took place on the 21st of June, 2014. One interesting highlight of the campaign was the wooing of prospective voters with things that could appeal to the masses like foodstuffs, money, recharge cards, etc, by the gubernatorial challenger. He ended up defeating the incumbent in a landslide victory. Hence, the term “stomach infrastructure” is used widely to describe petty inducements and bribes. It is also used to describe materialism, and the love of pleasurable things.This paper seeks to examine Pentecostalism and the impact it has on the lives of Nigerians. It also seeks to clarify the role of material or worldly wealth in the Pentecostal brand of the Gospel.

Direct sequence code division multiple access (DS-CDMA) is a popular wireless technology. This system suffers from Multiple Access Interference (MAI) caused by Direct Sequence users and Near –far effect. Multi-User Detection schemes are used to detect the users’ data in presence of MAI and Near- far problem. In this dissertation, we present comparative study between linear multiuser detectors and conventional single user matched filter in DS-CDMA system. Analysis and simulations are conducted in synchronous AWGN channel, and Gold sequence and Kasami sequence are used as the spreading codes. Simulation results depict the performance of three detectors, conventional detector, Decorrelating detector and MMSE (Minimum Mean Square Error) detector. It shows that the performance of these detectors depends on the length of PN code used and Number of users. Linear multiuser detectors perform better than the conventional matched filter in terms of BER performance. All the simulations have been performed on MATLAB 7.0.

To attain large information rates, multi user detection (MUD) is a well-built aspirant for the downlink of cell phone communications. However, while transmitting any signal over fading channel, the performance of any system is highly affected. For that reason, Multiuser detection (MUD) and channel estimation play a significant function for overcoming the interference and characterizing the channel. In previous cases, this is developed by using many kinds of algorithms. But in this Paper BPSK modulation technique was introduced for multiuser detection due to the drawbacks of those algorithm. The objective of this BPSK modulation is used to minimize the error rate of the user transmitting signal. In this, the user detection complexity and the interference of user transmitting signal are resolved. Since the detection complication and the required time are concentrated. In general, we make use of many types of filters namely, linear filters, nonlinear filters etc. here we are going to implement with adaptive filters. By using nonlinear filters we get narrow bandwidth responses and by using linear filters we get interference and BER is also high. So by using adaptive filters we overcome these drawbacks. The goal of adaptive filters is to improve synchronization and capacity by reducing interference between users. Adaptive algorithms improve the feasibility of multi user receivers.

In recent VLSI technology, the occurrence of all kind of errors has become predictable. By adopting an emerging concept in VLSI design and test, error tolerance (ET), a novel error-tolerant adder (ETA) is proposed. The ETA is able to ease the strict restriction on accuracy, and performance. One important potential application of the proposed ETA is in digital signal processing systems that can tolerate certain amount of errors. To prove the feasibility of the ETA, we replaced all the common additions involved in a normal FFT algorithm with our proposed addition arithmetic. When compared to its conventional counterparts, the proposed ETA is able to attain more than 65% improvement in the Power-Delay Product (PDP).