Archives-July 2019

This work aims to study the collection field behavior of the most interesting banana and plantain cultivars for the populations surveyed in the province of Maniema. A 40 x 60 m collection field was installed in the experimental field of the Faculty of Agronomy of Kindu University, located on the Lwama 1 district. The spacings adopted were 3 x 3 m. The parameters collected for each cultivar were as follows: pseudostem length, neck diameter, number of leaves, leaf length and width, number of rejects, number of hands per diet, number of fingers / hand, finger circumference, finger length and diet weight. The results obtained showed that these cultivars have different vegetative and productive characteristics. The average values obtained were as follows: The length of the pseudostem varied from 120 cm to 351 cm; the neck diameter varies from 42.90 cm to 84 cm; the number of rejects varies from 2 (1.60) to (20.40); the number of hands varies from 1 cm to 8.50 cm; the number of finger / hand varies from 5.50 cm to 88.40 cm; the circumference / finger varies from 12 cm to 18.70 cm and finally the diet weight varies from 7 kg to 18.60 kg for all cultivars.

Democracy in the context of Islam is perceived as the responsibility of an individual to choose leaders among them who are capable to withstand justice and prevent evil (amar ma’ruf nahi mungkar). Every Muslim needs to be aware that the responsibility of voting is compulsory for those who have qualified. In Malaysia, majority of the Islamic scholar (Ulema) has agreed that every Muslim has to be involved in the process of election and it is considered compulsory upon them as the Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) said “When three Muslim men are bound to travel, choose a leader among them” narrated by Abu Daud. In this article, Malay youth is the focus in order to view the involvement in proses of election through the registration as voters, checking the status of voting and participation in the upcoming election. A total of 906 respondents were identified to participate in this research by answering the questionnaire provided. Description method was used to analyse the criteria of the respondent and to identify the involvement of the Malay youth in the election process in Malaysia. The research outcome shows the higher statistic of the respondents to be involved in the upcoming election with 704 respondents (77.6%), compared to respondents who have registered as voters with 550 respondents (60.6%) and the respondents who have checked on the voting status with only 459 respondents (50.6%). Nevertheless, the highest total for the involvement in the next election will not bring any impact and will be meaningless to the overall involvement of youth in the election if there are still many of the Malay youth do not register as voters.

In this work, the zinc oxide (ZnO) and dioxide titanium (TiO?) thin film were prepared by using the method of spry pyrolsis chemical with different thickness on glass substrate at temperature of 60º C. Thees different thickness of the deposited films were measured by using mass approximations weighting different method. The thickness for Tio? films are (3.1, 0.24, 0.12)?m and for ZnO films (3.5, 4)?m. The samples coated have been irradiated by gamma ray to 21.5 kGy dose from Co-60 source. The optical properties such as the absorbance spectrum, transmittance, reflectance, and optical constant (absorption coefficient, extinction coefficient, refraction index and coefficient finesse with different thickness as function wave length of films but energy gap and urbach energy as function photon energy) were studied before and after irradiation dose. From experimental work show that the color of these films were changed after irradiated, at the result all optical properties spectra thin films changed with different thicknesses. The absorption, reflectance absorption coefficient, extinction coefficient, refractive index, coefficient finesse are increases after irradiation but the transmission, urbach energy and energy gap decreases after dose for all thicness of TiO2 films. Whereas absorption and absorption coefficient, extinction coefficient increases after irradiation for thiknsss of ZnO thin films but reflectance, transmission, refractive index, coefficient finesse urbach energy and energy gap decreases after dose for Zno. These effect of optical properties may be due to change of structure properties for Tio2, Zno thin films after irradiated.

To combat violence against women (VAW) and help VAW victims access proper health care facilities, ensuring a gender-friendly health information system is of special concern. The experiences of VAW victims in accessing and availing proper clinical and psychological services are determined by many factors. Among many, the location or distance of the nearest health care services, availability of doctors, mindset of the husbands, in-laws and relatives, the economic condition of the victim?s family, duration of the treatment based on the severity of the injury are the main factors. Also, the naturalization of domestic violence against women in the grass-roots level is one of the major obstacles in engendering health information system in Bangladesh for which victims are not mostly being able to avail proper health care services. Creating awareness among community people and others involved in health care services and making them gender-aware has no other alternative.

The food safety processing and evaluation of powdered pap from maize and malted maize with carrot were carried out. The standard operating procedures in flow chart for the processing of fermented maize flour (plain pap), malted maize flour and carrot powder were used. Recipe for the variables and mixing ratios was formulated. 100% fermented maize flour (plain akamu/ pap) was used as control against other variables (fermented maize flour - FMF, carrot powder - CP and malted maize flour -MMF). The variable with the ratio of 85:5:10 (FMF:CP:MMF) tagged “BOB” was found to be the most acceptable. Result showed that sample BOB pulled the following values to emerge the best in ratio composition: consistency (7.9±0.08), colour (8.3±0.41), taste (8.0±0.04), mouthfeel (7.8±0.11), aroma (7.6±0.02) and overall acceptability (8.0±0.06). Microbial assessment showed that counts were high above thresholds for coliforms (1.9 x101 ±0.14 to 2.0 x102 ±0.39 CFU/g), and moderate for aerobic bacteria (4.1 x103 ±0.37 to 3.7 x104 ±0.14 CFU/g) and fungi (1.3 x102 ±0.12 to 3.2 x103 ±0.10 CFU/g). Five (5) bacterial and three fungal isolates were identified to include Lactobacillus species, Bacillus species, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Penicillium species and Aspergillus species respectively. From the results obtained, it could be deduced that the problems of sour taste among infants consuming plain pap and malnutrition have been eliminated by blending with malted maize flour and carrot powder. These were achieved through the process of malting and enrichment with carrot powder which is a good source of beta carotene, a precursor of pro-vitamin A.

The concentration and distribution of heavy metals (Cd, Pb, Cr, As, Ni, Zn, Fe and Cu) lead, in soils of Warri and environs were examined using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer, in the rainy and dry seasons. A total of forty-eight soil samples were collected from parks, commercial areas, main roadside, from residential areas, and from industrial areas, as well as from control sites. The range of mean heavy metal concentrations during the rainy season were: Pb: >0.01 – 0.21mg/kg, Cd: >0.01 – 0.01, Cr: >0.01 - 2.61, As: >0.01, Ni: >0.01 – 0.17, Cu: >0.01 – 7.21, Fe: 0.44 – 1348.66, and Zn: >0.01 – 21.12. The range of mean heavy metal concentrations during the dry season were: Pb: >0.01 – 1.11mg/kg, Cd: >0.01 – 5.92, Cr: >0.05 – 6.12, As: 0.001- 0.01, Ni: >0.01 – 0.34, Cu: >0.01 – 8.12, Fe: 0.87 – 1451.02, and Zn: >0.01 – 19.58.The mean concentrations of heavy metals obtained in all the soil samples in the study area showed an increasing order of As>Cd>Pb>Ni>Cr>Zn>Cu>Fe in both rainy and dry season. The concentrations of heavy metals studied in soil of all sites in dry season were slightly higher than those in the rainy season. Hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) was employed in order to further ascertain the sources of heavy metal in soils of the study area, and it revealed that the heavy metals in all the sampled media had a common origin and were associated with anthropogenic activities in the study area. Pearson’s correlation of heavy metals in the samples showed strong relationships among metals suggesting a similar distribution pattern and a combination of natural and anthropogenic sources. Spatial distribution maps of the study area showed that patterns of heavy metals were associated with several factors which include industrial activities such as gas flaring, high traffic density, and the geology of the study area. While measured concentrations are within international limits, there is cause for concern since metal concentrations in the sediment and surface water samples were elevated near some indusrial areas. Therefore, regular monitoring of the soils is essential to prevent excessive build-up of the toxic heavy metals in the soils and water resources of the study area.

The spectrophotometric characteristics of the solid charge-transfer molecular complexes (CT) formed in the reaction of the electron donor 5-amino-1-methyl-3-phenypyrazole (AMPP) with the ?-acceptors tetracyanoethylene (TCNE) and 7,7,8,8-tetracyanoquinodimethane (TCNQ) and ?-acceptor iodine have been studied in chloroform at 25 0C. These were investigated through electronic and infrared spectra as well as elemental analysis. The results show that the formed solid CT- complexes have the formulas [(AMPP)(TCNE)], [(AMPP)(TCNQ)] and [(AMPP) I]+ I3- in full agreement with the known reaction stoichiometry in solution as well as the elemental measurements. The formation constant kCT, molar extinction coefficient ?CT, free energy change ?G0 and ECT energy have been calculated for the CT- complexes [(AMPP)(TCNE)], [(AMPP)(TCNQ)] and [(AMPP) I]+I-3.

Sarcomatoid variant of urothelial carcinoma (SVUC) is an uncommon histological variant of urothelial carcinoma. Sarcomatoid carcinomas are aggressive malignancies with poor prognosis, which by definition are biphasic neoplasms with both an epithelial and a mesenchymal component. There is no consensus opinion on the best treatment modalities for this tumor. Herein on are reported 5 cases of SVUC with a brief review of the literature. The data was collected from the medical records in the Department of Urology, at the University Hospital Center of Rabat Morocco during the period from January 2014 to December 2017.

Micropapillary carcinoma (MPC) of urinary tract is an uncommon histological variant of urothelial carcinoma. It is characterized by an aggressive clinical course, an advanced stage at first presentation and a high metastatic potential. Though MPC shows characteristic microscopic features, there exists interobserver variability and controversies concerning certain aspects of this rare tumor. The aim of our study is to present four cases of MPC treated by radical cystectomy in the Department of Urology, at the University Hospital Center of Rabat Morocco, during the period from January 2014 to December 2017. The clinical and morphological features of this rare and aggressive variant of urinary badder carcinoma, as well as a brief review of the literature are all presented.

The aim of this paper is to adopt analytic-deductive method to examine some clues on the existence of the Supreme being in the beliefs and religion of the Ibani; the implication is that hasty generalization and superfluous assumptions, has led some scholars to maintain that the idea of the Supreme Being is of Western importation. Christianity and Ibani traditional philosophy play a major part in contributing to the debate, although the contribution of Christianity outweighs that of the traditional Ibani because Christianity has the epistemological advantage of supernatural revelation and also has the advantage of early documentation. Nevertheless, prior to Christianity, the raw materials for the philosophy of God were stored in oral tradition and highlighted by a highly evidenced and philosophical culture.