Archives-January 2019

Hydatid disease is a parasitic infestation that is a public health problem in many countries of traditional livestock breeding where it is endemic. Frequently encountered localizations are of hepatic and pulmonary sites, whereas cerebral localization is rare. CT is the test of choice for the diagnosis and postoperative follow-up of cerebral hydatid cyst. MRI is useful for atypical or complicated forms and allows for adequate surgical planning. We report three observations, two of which have an atypical appearance in imaging.

A theoretical and experimental study on [Mn(Benzene)2]2+ has been undertaken in the gas phase. The ions were prepared using a combination of the pick-up technique and high energy electron impact, and then held in a cold ion trap where they were excited with tuneable UV radiation and further activated with methane. The following [Mn(Benzene)2 CH4]2+, [Mn(Benzene)2(CH4)2]+, [Mn(Benzene)2(CH4)2H2O)]+ and [Mn(Benzene)2CO2(CH3)2]+ were successfully identified after the experimental analysis. Two optimised geometries of [Mn(Benzene)2]2+ were observed, namely the C2V eclipse and C2 staggered . The DFT calculated binding energy of methane to manganese benzene dication complex ion [Mn(Benzene)2]2+ at BP86/6- 311++G(d, p) is 15.30 kJ/mol comparing with the calculated 20.55 kJ/mol recorded on the potential energy curve (PEC). The difference of about 5.25 kJ/mol results from the fact that the calculated charge on the manganese metal centre at the optimised geometry of [Mn(Benzene)2 CH4]2+ was 1.30 while a charge of Mn=2.0 was assumed in the PEC calculation.

The UV photofragment spectrum of the dication sandwich complex Ca(Benzene)2]2+ had been recorded in the gas phase using a quadrupole ion trap mass spectrometer. From the DFT calculations, the optimised C2 and C2v conformers of Ca(Benzene)2]2+ were confirmed. Methane activation with calcium benzene dication complex ion resulted in the formation of methane calcium benzene dication complex ion [Ca(Benzene)2CH4]2+ and methane calcium benzene mono-cation [Ca(Benzene)CH4]+. The calculated charge on the metal centre was reduced by 40% in the optimised geometry of [Ca(Benzene)2CH4]2+ as compared to the charge of +2 assumed on Ca metal in the PEC calculation. The DFT calculated result reveal that the binding energy of methane to the metal dication complex ion was 13.28% lower compare to the value obtained on the PEC model.

In order to solve the reliability assessment of repairable systems, this article, based on two-component system, provides the maximum likelihood estimation. The system can be restored through proper repairing even from Common Cause Shock (CCS) failure. We derived M L estimates of availability for series and parallel systems. The approach used is empirical one with Monte Carlo simulation.

The experiments were conducted to studied the effect of the different percent of Trigonella foenum--graecum (Fenugreek) seed extract by water and have been taken as syrup for the diabetic and high cholesterol patients, Amino acid analyzer are used in this study also saponin test.In this study there was a significant different effect of different seed extract concentration of Fenugreek (10%, 15% and 20%) in the diabetic and high cholesterol patient, at concentration 10% seed extract of Fenugreek have the low effect to decreased blood glucose(mg/dl)and cholesterol(mmol/L), but at concentration 15% seed extract of Fenugreek have the high effect to decreased blood glucose(mg/dl) and cholesterol(m mol/L),also at concentration 20% seed extract of Fenugreek have the highest effect to decreased blood glucose(mg/dl)and cholesterol(m mol/L) the normal range of blood glucose in human is 74-106(mg/dl) the normal range of cholesterol(m mol/L) in human is 0-5.2(m mol/L). It was found that the high effect of Fenugreek seed extract to reduce blood glucose, and saponin to reduce cholesterol

This article reviews about the medical laboratory training in Kenya.

This study assesses the Hausa traditional residential houses with a view to identify transformations in Hausa Traditional residential architecture and to investigate reasons and for the transformation. A minimum of 16-40 houses on each ward were purposely selected for the survey. A total of fifty-three (53) wards from (8) eight Local Governments in Kano Metropolitan making a total 1010 houses were studied. Result revealed that, the foundation in the traditional Hausa Architecture was excavated at 300-400 meters depth, roofing system were exposed to single or double pitch and made of timber rafters purlin. Finishes in the Hausa traditional Architecture was made of cement plaster. Furthermore, the open spaces area ranges from 15%-35% of the total land area.

Chemical speciation and mobility factor indices of Pb, Cd, Zn and Mn were assessed in a crude oil contaminated soil and compared with control (uncontaminated) soil. The assessment was done to evaluate the impact of crude oil contamination on the bioavailability of metals in a soil matrix. Soil was collected in triplicate from four locations (three reflecting the crude oil impacted area and one uncontaminated soil as control). Soil was collected around a crude oil transfer pipeline within Bdere community in Ogoniland, Nigeria, within the month of August 2017. Fractional concentration of metals was determined using a GBC Avanta PM6600 atomic absorption spectrophotometer. In the oil contaminated soil, Zn (41.13%) and Mn (77.54%) were predominantly associated to the residual fractions while Pb (29.45%) and Cd (25.53%) were prevalent in the amorphous Fe-oxide and plant available fractions respectively. Similarly, the uncontaminated soil depicted the residual fractions of Zn (49.43%) and Mn (48.63%) to be the most important while Pb (56.17%) and Cd (62.16%) were both predominantly affiliated to plant available fractions. Heavy metal mobility factor indices reflected the order: (Zn>Cd>Pb>Mn) and (Cd>Mn>Zn>Pb) for crude oil impacted and uncontaminated soils respectively. Despite the prevalence of heavy metals to the inert fractions, the significant affiliation of metals to the readily mobile fractions of crude oil contaminated soil reflected the order: Pb (10.71%), Cd (25.53%), Zn (40.22%) and Mn (3.52%) which further suggested that these metals may have emanated from the introduction of crude oil into the soil matrix.

Organisations need to be prepared for the impact of downsizing, because of the effect of layoffs on the remaining employees. Because employee morale is so susceptible to restructuring, this is an important time to improve employee engagement levels and prevent further loss of the workforce. This research study seeks to highlight the importance of communication, trust, and support, during downsizing. The research method used a qualitative approach, which enabled the researcher to conduct face-to-face interviews with ten participants. The findings affirm the prevailing literature regarding the importance of appreciation, communication, fair compensation, training and development, and trust, as factors influencing employee engagement levels. The results revealed that insufficient communication was the primary cause of low employee morale during the downsizing process. Respondents also cited distrust of management and uncertainty of the company’s future as leading concerns brought about by the retrenchments. Management was recommended to increase managerial support, improve communication and transparency, and show more consideration towards staff as a means of rebuilding the trust that was lost during restructuring. Due to the sensitive nature of a retrenchment process and its impact on the remaining employees, great care should be taken when embarking on any restructuring in the future.

With the institutionalization of the establishment of Special Education (SPED) centers in every school districts in the country through the Department of Education Order No. 26 of 1997, the role of instructional supervisors has become more challenging. In addition to the supervision of the conduct of instruction in the regular schools, the supervisors now have to oversee the SPED instruction as well. This qualitative study utilized the key informant interview technique, using an interview guide consisting of four (4) open-ended questions. Results of the study showed that supervisors and SPED coordinators used classroom observation, walk through and random visitation as primary means of supervising the SPED instructions in their respective schools. While the respondents were aware of the different requirements needed for SPED supervision, they reported that there was no difference in the way they supervise SPED from the regular schools. Further, the respondents also reported that they are mostly challenged by their lack of knowledge and training on the proper conduct of SPED instruction, constrained human and material resources, including the needed collaboration with the regular teachers and parents. For future development, the respondents reported that there is a need for professional growth and advancement as well as the development of supervision tools specific to SPED instruction. Thru these findings, the researcher proposes the CAST model for SPED instructional supervision i.e., Competency, Attitude, Structure and Tools. This indigenous instructional supervision model addresses the needs identified in order to advance as well as to enhance the supervision of instruction in SPED in Philippine schools.