Archives-January 2016

Digital libraries are getting popularity among the users. On One hand they are giving opportunities to access information round the clock 365 days on the finger tips of the users but on other hand, users are not coming to libraries because access of information is available at their workplace, be it office or home. Even users can access digital libraries while they are on the way or driving, if they are connected to internet. But this is not a good sign for libraries, because the very purpose of establishing them is diminishing. Hence, there is a need to develop strategies to attract the users in digital libraries so that they come and make use of documents and other things in libraries. This paper attempts to discuss the present situation and possible solution to overcome the problem so that the users may come in libraries personally and use them.

This article investigates enhancement Solubility is an important physicochemical factor affecting absorption of drug and it’s therapeutic of the dissolution profile of Telmisartan effectiveness. Consequences of poor aqueous solubility would lead to failure in formulation development. Telmisartan is an angiotensin II receptor antagonist which is used in the prevention and treatment of Hypertension. One of the major problems with it is its low solubility in biological fluids, which results into poor bioavailability after oral administration (~42%) and late onset of action poorly soluble drug, Telmisartan. Solid dispersions were prepared using Polyethylene glycol-6000 (PEG-6000). Telmisartan solid dispersions were prepared in 1:1, ratios of the drug to polymer ratio & it’s applied to different techniques of Solid dispersion (by weight) like using Physical mixing, Kneading method solvent evaporation method & fusion method. The formulations were characterized for solubility parameters; drug content studies drug release studies and drug-polymer interactions by using FTIR spectrum & X-RD. Formulation Containing 1:1 ratio of drug: PEG-6000 (Kneading method) show best release with cumulative release of 45.53% as compared to 98.37% for the pure drug. The interaction studies showed no interaction between the drug and polymer, it was concluded that PEG -6000 as carrier can be very well utilize to improve the solubility of poorly soluble drugs.

Region V, also known as the Bicol Region, is one of the seventeen regions in the Philippines. An organization in the region known as the Bicol Autonomy Movement claims that for a very long time its people have entrusted the region’s destiny to the national government which had been perennially accused of poor governance, and relegated the region to social and economic oblivion. The movement asserts regional autonomy so that Region V can rise up from the bondage of poverty and neglect (Jimenez, 2006). This study examined the actual revenues of the cities, municipalities and provinces of the Bicol Region, and the actual and projected revenues from national taxes collected locally through the Bureau of Internal Revenue. Then it proceeds with projected expenditures of setting up new governance structures for the Bicol Autonomous Regional Government, separate and distinct from existing expenditures of local government units. As an ending note, the paper brings forward some points that may be considered by the Bicol Autonomous Movement in terms of fiscal sustainability.

Just back from first frenzied shopping experience in the UK, a four year old ever-inquisitive daughter asked to her father, “Why do we not have a Harrods in Delhi? Shopping there is so much fun!” Simple question for a four-year-old, but not So simple for her father to explain As per the current regulatory regime, retail trading (except under single-brand product retailing — FDI up to 51 per cent, under the Government route) is prohibited in India. Simply put, for a company to be able to get foreign funding, products sold by it to the general public should only be of a ‘single-brand’; this condition being in addition to a few other conditions to be adhered to. That explains why we do not have a Harrods in Delhi.

Even though Public-Private Partnerships (PPPs) allow for the involvement of the private sector in the provision of public infrastructure facilities as a result of budget constraints on the part of the public sector, the private sector is required to raise substantial part, or even the whole of the needed funds to complete PPP projects. Raising such funds could be challenging considering that long-term financial lending by commercial banks in Nigeria is evolving. The option of dedicated infrastructure funds managed by asset management firms is one that Nigeria ought to pursue with seriousness in order to effectively bridge the existing funding gap for infrastructure projects. This paper analyses the need to adopt infrastructure mutual funds as a means to provide funding for various PPP projects in the country. The paper argues that the population of Nigeria is an advantage as it provides a large investing market that can be tapped. The use of infrastructure mutual funds should be encouraged in order to have a greater percentage of the populace participating as against private equity infrastructure funds that target high net worth individuals as such funds usually make the rich get richer. The Paper concludes by recommending the introduction of specialist infrastructure mutual funds by the large asset management firms in the country.

Abstract The corrosion inhibition and adsorption process of D - Tryptophan (DT) on mild steel in 2 HCl was studied by means of chemical (weight loss), electrochemical and quantum chemical techniques. The inhibition efficiency increases with decreasing temperature and increasing concentration of inhibitor. It has been determined that the adsorption of DT on mild steel obeys the Temkin adsorption isotherm at all studied temperatures with negative values of ?Goads, suggesting a stable and a spontaneous inhibition process. In potentiodynamic polarization, the curves shifted towards lower current density in the presence of the DT with well-defined Tafel regions suggesting that the inhibitor retard the corrosion process without changing the mechanism of the corrosion process; and exhibit cathodic and anodic polarization (mixed type inhibitor) because the change in Ecorr is less than 85 vM/SCE with respect to the blank. Corrosion current density was calculated by extrapolation of the linear parts of these curves to the corresponding corrosion potential; and corrosion potential (Ecorr), corrosion current densities (icorr), anodic Tafel slope (?a), cathodic Tafel slope (?b) were determined with maximum value of inhibition efficiency for 5 x 10-4 M concentration of the inhibitor at 303 K was 78.4%. Quantum chemical calculations were performed using Density Functional Theory (DFT) with the help of complete geometry optimization for theoretical calculations of EHOMO, ELUMO, and energy gap (?E). Inhibition efficiency increases with increasing EHOMO indicating that the molecule has tendency to donate electrons to the mild steel with low energy empty molecular orbital; whereas low value of ELUMO suggests that the molecule easily accepts electrons from mild steel.

The level of maternal mortality is an indicator of disparity in access to appropriate health care and nutrition services throughout their life particularly during pregnancy and childbirth. National Population Policy 2000 and National Health Policy 2002 aim to reduce the Maternal Mortality Rate (MM Rate) to 100 per 100,000 live births from the current level of 400-500. Though India has made an appreciable progress in improving the overall health status of its population but it is far from satisfaction. The pace of decline of maternal mortality on has been quite low. The death of a woman during pregnancy and childbirth is not only a health issue but also a matter of social injustice and discrimination. The complications of pregnancies and the births are found to be the foremost causes of maternal deaths. This measure reflects not only the risk of maternal death per pregnancy, but also the level of fertility in a population. The fertility beyond age 35 years is risky for both women and child and it leads to miscarriage, maternal & child mortality thus the study of the fertility beyond 35 years of age is an important issue for the researchers to study the status of maternal and child health. In this paper a simple technique has been proposed to estimate the MM Rate and MM Ratio using the age specific fertility rate (ASFR) and percentage of safe delivery beyond 35 years of age respectively, keeping in view of the above fact.

A primarily diagnostic tool for cardiovascular diseases ECG , a non invasive technique generally used during acquisition and transportation. Noises like channel noise, baseline wander noise, muscle artifacts, electrode motion, often embedded with ECG signal. In this paper a methology to overcome from channel noise embedded during the transportation of ECG signal, proposed in this methodology DFT of noisy ECG signal calculated using fast fourier transform (FFT) algorithm. The experimental result demonstrate the proposed method is superior to other with higher SNR and lower RMSE factor, performance comparison at 1.25 dB is demonstrated. Keyword: ECG, Channel noise, Gaussian function, FFT, Wavelet transform, S-Transform.

A study on EMPLOYEE MOTIVATION USING MASLOW’S THEORY IN PHOTO FILM INDUSTRY . The descriptive research design and convenience sampling has been used to carry out the study, the population size is 712 and the sample size taken is 135 both primary and secondary data were used for the study. The primary data is collected through structured questionnaire. The purpose of the study is to find about to assess the level of employee satisfaction through the motivation provided by the company. This study helps to know the satisfaction level of employees with the motivational factors used by the company. This project had been undertaken by me to find out the needs and wants of the employees. Under this Study a questionnaire which constituted questions relating to the employees expectation. The gathered data had been critically analyzed relating to employee motivations.

Gross demotic product known as GDP are affected by multi factors. Some factors affect it positive and some hold a negative relation with GDP. Each variable has its own importance and our study will discuss the effect of inflation and interest rate on GDP. Some theorists have found that these variables are inversely proportional to growth of an economy while other researchers have found a direct association among them. In Pakistan these studies are very critical, because economic growth in Pakistan has not been up to the mark for last few years. A continuous increase in the Interest rates and inflation has been observed. Godwin (2007) defines real gross domestic product (GDP) increases when economic growth increases. Gyimah-Brempong (1989) found that the military expenses adversely affect the growth of economy. Sub-Saharan African countries using a simultaneous-equations model for the military expenditure effect the economic growth. Khilji and Mahmood (1997) proposed that the GDP growth has negative relation with defence expenses.