Archives-February 2014

In the present article, which aims at the examination of the effects of Islamic thought on the management and organization styles in Iran, Islam and Islamic thought have been explained at first. Then, with regard to the necessity to examine the Islamic management, the management and organization dimensions (creation of Islamic culture, the manner of the social Islamic structure establishment, the manner of the physical designation of the organization in the light of the Islamic style, etc) have been defined. The end goal of this article is to examine the effects of Islamic thought on the management mechanisms within the Islamic countries (the Islamic Republic of Iran as the case study). So, at the end of the present article, this effect will be investigated. The findings of 30 structured interviews show that the effect of Islamic thought on the manner of management in the organizations of an Islamic country is not so deep, and it is necessary to review the management knowledge in relation to the Islamic ideas and beliefs. In this regard, some suggestions are presented at the end of the article.

Simple chemical bonding method to synthesize cyclodextrin–chitosan/nano graphene oxide (CCGO) was reported. The adsorption behaviors of Cu(II) in aqueous solution on CCGO were systematically investigated. The procedure is based on the selective formation of Cu(II) at optimum pH by elution with organic eluents and determination by flame atomic absorption spectrometry. The method is based on complex formation on the surface of the ENVI-18 DISKTM disks modified cyclodextrin–chitosan/nano graphene oxide (CCGO) followed by stripping of the retained species by minimum amounts of appropriate organic solvents. The elution is efficient and quantitative. The effect of potential interfering ions, pH, CCGO amount, stripping solvent, and sample flow rate were also investigated. Under the optimal experimental conditions, the break-through volume was found to about 1000mL providing a preconcentration factor of 600. The maximum capacity of the disks was found to be 398± 3 µg for Cu2+.The limit of detection of the proposed method is 5ng per 1000mL.The method was applied to the extraction and recovery of copper in different water samples.

We evaluate monitory cost to explore the reasons and find that using venture capitalists as specialized investors with lower monitoring costs than other institutional investors, earnings management is less likely for low investor beliefs but more likely for high investor beliefs for VC-backed firms relative to non-VC-backed firms. Numerous studies conclude that firms manage earnings upward prior to issuing equity Securities in an effort to minimize the dilution effect on existing shareholders (Theo, Welch and Wong, 1998a and 1998b). Erickson and Wang (1999) extend this line of reasoning to corporate mergers in which the acquiring firms pay for the target with stock. Similar to an equity offering for cash, they suggest that acquirers inflate earnings prior to the merger in order to increase stock prices, and thereby reduce the number of shares they must exchange in the stock swap. We can also obtain the same results as former study that auditor’s quality negatively related with earnings management. Considering above consequence, we documents IPOs firms engaged in managing earnings with high investor beliefs have an influence on the long-run abnormal stock return performance. These findings have implications for investors, firms, and accounting standard setters. More prudential monitory is important during market booming periods. We founded that firms have incentives to engage in earnings management before the announcement date of private equity offerings. The manipulation direction may be upward or downward according to the types of placement. Our empirical results indicated that management tended to manage reported earnings upward when the private placement was subscribed by non-insiders; whereas management tended to downward manage earnings when the private placement was subscribed by insiders.

To screen the antibacterial efficacy of various solvent extracts of marine algae such as Ulva lactua and Hypnea musciformis against some selected gram-positive and gram-negative human pathogenic bacteria. Crude extracts were prepared from the selected marine algae using different solvents namely, chloroform, n-butyl alcohol, and methanol and were tested for their antibacterial activity against human pathogenic bacteria using agar cup plate diffusion method. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was also performed for selected solvent extracts for all the bacterial species. A suitable positive control was also maintained. Among the two marine algae screened Ulva lactua and Hypnea musciformis were found to be more active N-butyl alcoholic extracts will be showed highest antibacterial activity against pathogens when compared with standard Amoxicilin (Positive control). It was observed that the N-butyl alcoholic extracts of all the two marine algae showed higher inhibitory activity for the selected bacterial species than other solvent extracts. The results revealed that the crude N-butyl alcoholic extracts seem to be a good source material in identifying the effective pure antibacterial compound(s) in all the three marine algae and particularly, Hypnea musciformis. The present study showed that the N-butyl alcoholic extracts of marine algae such as Ulva lactua and Hypnea musciformis exhibited good antimicrobial activity. But the N-butyl alcoholic extracts of Hypnea musciformis possessed highest antibacterial activity than others and so it could be useful in seeking active principles against clinical pathogenic bacteria.

The internet has served as the global language of the virtual world since the beginning of the digital world and the Internet in India is increasing rapidly .Internet served seriously in many more areas in current scenario like Trade, education, sports, and research. Internet is treated as coin because it having two sides merits and demerits. A major problem of internet in current scenario is “Cyber Crime”. Here we study and analysis about the current cyber crimes in India through the literature survey, government annual reports, verbal communication with ethical hackers and many more techniques like Questionnaires and from the head of cyber cell from different states in India. We also study and analysis the different cyber crimes case studies which is occurred in different states in India and Indian cyber laws framework is compared with other country framework. So, finally we conclude that, our cyber laws frameworks having some of the vulnerabilities and problems for executing cyber cases compare to other countries. So we propose a heterogeneous approach or model for executing our legal framework smoothly against the cybercrimes in current scenario.

A slimy bloom of the marine Haptophyta, Phaeocystis globosa was newly recorded in the Gulf of Mannar, near Manapad coast during the summer season (May-June 2012). The cells were generally in colonial form, embedded with in a gelatinous matrix. The intensity of the bloom was as high 2,96,040 colonies/l. The photosynthetic pigment chlorophyll ‘a’ ratio varied from 138±145 ?g/l. The physical and chemical parameters including salinity, temperature, pH, nutrients and dissolved oxygen were evaluated along with Phaeocystis data. In this study, nitrite, nitrate, inorganic phosphate, ammonia was also determined as following ranges 0.454±0.544, 1.16±3.42, 6.70±13.70, and 0.13±0.36 and 5.8±23.30 ?g/l respectively. The previous report revealed that the occurrence of Phaeocystis globosa recorded in the mid-region of Arabian Sea. Therefore, the present study was proved that this is the first report on the occurrence of Phaeocystis bloom from the Gulf of Mannar waters and concluded that this species might be introduced by ballast discharge and adapted to new environments due to anthropoid influence. This newly recorded species is highly deserved for further study.

In this proposed work a new technique has been developed for reducing total harmonic distortion using THREE PHASE HARMONIC FILTER and PHASE LOOK LOOP (PLL) technique in HVDC system .This work model implemented in simulation work. Harmonic filter are shunt elements that are used in power systems for decreasing voltage distortion and for power factor correction .Nonlinear elements such as power electronic converters generate harmonic currents or harmonics voltages which are injected into power system. The resulting distorted currents flowing through system impedance produce harmonic voltage distortion. Harmonic filters reduce distortion by diverting harmonic currents in low impedance paths. Harmonic filters are designed to be capacitive at fundamental frequency, so that they are also used for producing reactive power required by converters and for power factor correction. Phase Lock Loop technique is used for harmonic reduction of the system and improving power quality of the hole system. Phase Lock Loop is synthesize the new frequency. In this system reactive power compensation is doing by the two types of compensation devices are shunt compensation and series compensation.

Calibration of Harshaw 4500 Thermo luminescence Dosimeter (TLD) Reader was carried out using standard X-ray beam. The response of the TLD reader to the increasing dose was found to be linear and the dose response characteristics measured were 0.68 mSv, 1.80 mSv and 3.39 mSv which were comparable respectively to 0.55 mSv, 1.87 mSv and 3.76 mSv obtained following manufacturers specification. However, at doses below 500 mSv deviation was observed between the two procedures. The supervised and controlled areas at the radiology diagnostic centers were monitored using TLD badges over a period of 60 days. The dose levels obtained ranges from 0.13 mSv/hr to 0.2 mSv/hr for the conventional x-ray rooms and 0.10 to 0.35 to 0.16 mSv/hr for the waiting areas. The readings obtained established that the diagnostics centers were free from under exposure to ionizing radiation.

According to the importance of Iran's position in the Middle East region and the constant presence of outside threats and also due to the geographical dimension and Establishment of earthquake faults, Defense and devise have a vital role in many aspects of normal and Procrustean.it’s necessary to adopt various measures in order to protect vital installations and sites. The purpose of this study was to examine the principles and strategies of passive defense with an open approach to the points of entry to the cities. The analytical and descriptive methods are used in this study. Background of this issue in Iran, Successful experiences and ideas of experts in the field are reviewed after that the strategies of Passive defense in architecture design are studied, finally principles of Passive defense in redesign the points of entry to the cities are presented as a result. It’s expected that the urban systems are maintained and the risk of disruption of transport system is reduced in crisis situations by usage of these principles.

This paper represents the results of a descriptive study investigating the factors influencing teaching Process at Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan (Pakistan). The university is located in the province of KPK and is established in 2009. The major factors influencing teaching process are Professional Commitment, Working Environment, and Job Satisfaction. No Significant difference was found between natural and social science departments. While differences was found designation wise i.e lecturer, assistant professor, associate professor and professors and also qualification wise. It can be concluded that designation and qualification matter in factors influencing teaching process.