Archives-December 2016

The process of quality assurance in a testing laboratory should reveal that the method and the analytical instrument give precise and accurate results, or whether aggravation occurs. The quality measures should comprise standard tests which give information on the characteristic performance of the method used by the laboratory. According to the literature, useful standard procedures contributing to the overall quality of analytical results are illustrated in relation with optical emission spectrometry. Parameters examined are general requirements for a complete quality system according to ISO/IEC 17025:2008 international standard including accuracy and precision. The performance of the whole system to measurement of samples of interest must be monitored with control charts. Data representing the routine performance of emission spectrometer systems and methods permit predicting long-term uncertainties and confidence intervals

For some specific applications quality of the hole is much of the need and it is defined by its dimensional accuracy at entrance and exit of hole. Laser drilling is an advanced technology in drilling process, known for its accuracy, fastness and cleanliness in material removal to get the accurate hole diameters to the range of 5 microns. It gives the feasibility to drill the holes of very small aspect ratio. Nd: YAG Laser drilling process is an economical and easily regulated conventional drilling process compared to that of WEDM, punching, broaching and other prevalent destructive processes. This laser drilling technology is equipped with advanced features, provides ease of regulating the different input parameters. Some of the many input parameters that are involved in this operation are power, lamp current, pulse width, wavelength, pulse frequency etc., every input parameter has got its influence on output responses. With this consideration, experimentation is carried out selecting austenitic stainless steel known for its wide applications based on central composite design to examine the effect of laser input parameters particularly lamp current, pulse frequency, gas pressure and pulse width, on the quality of drilled holes. In total 31 experimental trials were conducted to get output responses. With response surface methodology (RSM) technique models were simulated for output responses and then compared with adequacy test. It is found that the response surface methodology predicted models are in close agreement with that of experimental values, further using evolutionary algorithms these models can be used for optimization of process parameters. Results are also useful to automate the laser drilling process.

The release of chlorophenolics in pulp bleaching wastewater is a threat to the aquatic ecosystems. The chlorophenolics can migrate throughout the biosphere and pose serious health hazard. The work is aimed to detect chlorophenolics using GC-MS and evaluate the effectiveness of TiO2 photocatalysis for their degradation in the paper mill wastewaters. Four type of chlorophenolics i.e. chlorophenols (CP), chloroguaiacols (CG), chlorocatechols (CC), and chlorosyringaldehyde (CSA) are detected in the wastewaters. The wastewaters are subjected to photocatalysis with UV radiation under optimum conditions (TiO2 = 0.50 g/L, pH = 7.0, time = 4 hr, and H2O2 = 15 mM/L). UV/TiO2/H2O2 process has been found to be more efficient for the degradation of chlorophenolics with 68% and 75% removal of chlorophenolics for primary clarified (PC) and biotreated (BT) wastewaters, respectively, as compared to UV/TiO2 process. The Monochlorophenols (MCP) are removed to the maximum extent followed by di- (DCP) and trichlorophenols (TCP).

The District Cooch Behar endeavours a number of freshwater bodies both of lentic and lotic types having zooplankton communities. A total of sixteen taxa of zooplankton were recorded from the Panishala Beel (one lentic system) encompassing three rotifera, five copepoda, one ostracoda and seven cladocera. On the other hand, a total of thirteen taxa of zooplankton were recorded from the River Ghargharia (one lotic system) that includes five copepoda, one ostracoda, one rotifera and six cladocera. Both the water bodies contains four zooplankton groups and show same kind of group diversity in respect of their zooplankton group. Both the water bodies were dominated by Cyclops sp. most probably due to organic pollution and abundant nutrients.

The study examined the relationship between perceived characteristics of innovating (PCI) and adoption of new mobile phones among students in Ekiti State University, Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria. Based on Rogers’ (1983) theory of adoption, Moore and Benbasat (1991) identified constructs such as relative advantage, ease of use, result demonstrability, compatibility, visibility, trialability, and image as characteristics of innovation that could influence adoption. The study population comprised 13,798 full-time undergraduate students of the institution, out of which 389 respondents were drawn using Yamane sample size model and stratified random sampling technique. An aggregate of 380 structured questionnaires were duly completed and useable giving a 97.6% response rate. Pearson Product Moment Correlation was the method used to test the relationship between consumer perception of mobile phone as innovative and adoption of new mobile phones. The result showed that factors such as relative advantage, ease of use, result demonstrability were highly significant (r= 0.859; p<0.05, p=0.000) in their relationship with adoption; whereas visibility and image were weak (r=0.482; p<0.05, p=0.006) in their relationship with adoption. The study recommended that awareness of the functionality of new and sophisticated mobile phones needs to be raised by marketers if they want customers to adopt and use them. Furthermore, knowing that students are becoming ICT compliant and having taken to the use of social media in their interactions, it is important that mobile phone design and functionality should correspond to the social lifestyle and academic requirements of scholars to ensure sustained adoption.

This paper discusses the processes that English loanwords into EkeGusii undergo in the process of being accommodated into the EkeGusii phonological system. The data used in the paper is from native speakers of EkeGusii and Optimality Theory (here after OT) is used in the analysis of the data. This paper is different from most papers of the kind in that it uses a constraint based theoretic framework unlike others which either do not use any theoretical framework (Mberia, 2004 among others) or use rule based theories when they do (Zivenge 2009 among others). The paper focuses on two phonological processes: re-syllabification, i.e. syllabic change and phoneme change. For example, the paper discusses whether EkeGusii Phonology maintains the CV syllable structure when nativizing English loanwords with consonant clusters CnV (where n = 2, 3 or 4 consonants), given that EkeGusii language does not allow consonant clusters. For instance the English word ‘tractor’ - /tr?.kt?/ is realized as ekeragita [e.ke.ra.?i.ta], with a V.CV.CV.CV.CV syllable form. Thus for the English word ‘tractor’ to be accepted into the phonological system of EkeGusii, it has to undergo syllable re-adjustment. Notice that in the English form, the word has two syllables which are CCV.CCV, while in EkeGusii they are five, the first one being V. while the rest are CV.CV.CV.CV. Other adjustments include: vowel epenthesis to break the consonant clusters /tr/ and /kt/.

Over the past few decades the stress had become a growing dilemma in organization and cause unfavorable effects on job performance. Stress is a universal element that affects employees worldwide. There are many barriers that affecting the employees in the workplace. Work stress often affects the employees in the workplace, where each employee will feel it at least once in their workplace. Work stress is a real life problem that not only affects the organization, but the employees mainly become victims of stress. stress become a familiar element in organization and nowadays the workplace become more complicated, which bring more negative impacts to the employees compared to positive impacts. Stress among workers is greater than before which also effect on the whole performance of the employees. Stress which occurred in workplace declared as harmful to physical and emotional responses that happen within a human being when the requirement of the job do not match the employees? capacity, resources and needs. In addition to higher levels of stress are connecting to lower performance, whereas higher job satisfaction point out higher performance.

Three different south Indian fruits’ seeds have been selected and subjected to test their synergistic antibacterial activity against certain human pathogenic bacteria of clinical source which includes both gram positive and gram negative bacteria. Both sensitive and MDR bacterial strains have been included in this study. Ethanol and water were used as solvents to extract the seeds. The crude extracts were prepared by the ordinary method . Among that, the ethanolic seed extracts had shown its maximum synergistic antibacterial activity towards the tested bacterial strains and recorded as the most effective extractant. Terminalia chebula, Vitis vinifera and Punica granatum seed extracts were tested singly for their antibacterial activity and also tested for its synergistic antibacterial activity with their paired extract combinations. Among the tested combinations, Terminalia chebula seed extract found to shown its maximum synergistic antibacterial activity with Vitis vinifera seed extract.The least leval antibacterial and synergistic antibacterial activity was recorded with the single as well as paired extract with Punica granatum seed extract combinations . From this we conclude that the bioactive compounds present in the seed extracts of Terminalia chebula, effectively acted against the human pathogenic sensitive and MDR bacterial strains, than Vitis vinifera and Punica granatum seed extracts. Further this can be prescribed along with other medicinal choice for treating the bacterial infections, including the drug resistant infections.

Facial beauty is becoming more and more important worldwide. This is defined as being close to what is advertised as attractiveness (for example by media) and is determined mainly by golden proportions. This study aimed to observe the soft tissue facial angular and proportional norms of South Iranian population attending Shiraz Dental School's clinic. Methods and material: Seventy subjects (34 males and 36 females; 16-30 years of age)with Persian origin who had a skeletal class 1 pattern and almost well-aligned maxillary and mandibular dental arches who participate in this cross-sectional study were selected from patients attending Shiraz Dental School's orthodontic clinic in 2013. Standardized frontal facial view digital photographs were taken from subjects and traced. Four angular and eight proportional facial variables were analyzed by using Autocad software. For statistical evaluation a Student’s t -test was used and the reliability of the method was assessed by using Intraclass Correlation Coefficient within a four week interval. Results: Men had a higher facial asymmetry, a higher Facial Index, a higher proportion of the distance between inner canthus of the eyes divided by the mean of the width of the right and left eyes, and a lower facial aperture modified angle average than females. Conclusion: The average measurements of most facial variables of this study's population deviated from the ideal values suggested in texts and from those of the Brazilian Caucasian population. 

NiO NPs and Barium doped NiO NPs calcined for different periods of time (3hr, 4hr) at 700?C were synthesized through co-precipitation method. XRD analysis confirmed that all the samples exhibit FCC cubic structure. The doping of barium and also increasing the calcinations time of Ba:NiO increases the crystallite size .Optical absorption spectra reveal that energy gap decreases from 3.75 eV to 3.35 eV due to the increase in crystallite size.PL spectral analysis shows that emission intensity decreases with decreasing grain size. . The morphology of the NiO NPs and Ba:NiO NPs has been analyzed by FESEM and SEM respectively The results of antimicrobial activity of NiO NPs and Ba:NiO (4 hrs) against E-Coli indicated that NiO NPs have excellent inhibitory activity.