Archives-August 2016

This study aimed to investigate the effect on women's employment and the economy on women and families, is in the city of Kermanshah in 2015. The method used in this study is survey method. The study population includes women working in Kermanshah, in 2015 that 380 women, according to Cochran's sampling method, as the population sample is chosen, the selected sample was based on random sampling. Using pre-tested questionnaire, collect required information, and to analyze the data, the Pearson correlation coefficient was used. The findings of the study showed a significant relationship between the variables education, careers, the earnings of women with respect to the upbringing of children, to participate in the decision-making of family affairs, psychological security of women, and to a large extent have traditional culture , and patriarchal views of their influence.

The concept of preschool is not a new phenomenon in Kenya. The purpose of the study was to examine factors influencing children’s language development in preschools in Mathare Slum area in Nairobi. The study focused on four factors: learning facilities, teachers’ level of education, children absenteeism and strategies used by teachers to enhance children’s language development. Mixed method approach was used. Target population was 25 childhood preschools and 25 teachers. Systematic random and purposive sampling methods were used to select 8 preschools and 8 teachers. Data collection instruments were observation schedule and questionnaire. Data analysis was done through coding and categorizing to create themes; as well as frequencies and percentages. The findings showed that quality of preschools was inadequate in terms of learning facilities and teachers’ level of education. In addition, the findings of the study showed that some parents brought their children to school when they were busy, meaning, they did not value education. In addition, the findings revealed among others that teachers employed a number of strategies to enhance children’s language development although it was evident that teachers were limited in English proficiency. The study recommends that preschool teachers be given training in English proficiency for teaching children.

Sesame meal is a byproduct of oil extraction factories. This product is considered as waste and it used to feed livestock and poultry. Hence, we evaluated effect of sesame meal methanol extraction on the physicochemical characteristics of pasteurized butter. In this study, oil extraction was performed by methanol at room temperature for 24 h. The compositions determined by HPLC chromatography, also sample of butter were packed with three concentrations of 50, 100 and 150 ppm. Oxidative tests including acid index, anisidine, peroxide, the induction period, total polyphenol compounds, conjugated diene value in 0 days, 15th, 30th, 45th, 60th and 90th of maintenance level (P< 0/05). The results showed that the butter with a concentration of 150 ppm and storage temperature -18 ° C showed highest resistance to oxidative and organoleptic evaluation, also it had significant differences with T1, T2 and T treatments (P< 0.05). The worst example, to control the temperature of 4 ° C. interaction between concentration × time × temperature factors was significant for all treatments (p>0/01).

For CP73-21 sugarcane regeneration at salinity stress an experiment was conducted in 2014-2015 year, in tissue culture laboratory of Islamic Azad University of Ahvaz. According to past results, 3 mg/l of 2-4D treatment was applied as callus induction treatment. Then calluses were transferred to regeneration medium. The effect of treatments was significant at 1% on indirect regeneration. In between treatments the highest of mean was related to 1 BAP + 0.2 NAA treatments, also the effect of salinity on regeneration was significant at 1%. The highest regeneration value was obtained in control and 33 mM treatments. Effect of Salinity on proline was significant at 1% and to increase the level of stress, increased proline content. In both laboratory and greenhouse conditions the investigated of traits were decreased with increasing salinity levels.

This study was performed to examine the effect of nitrogen commercial bio fertilizer on yield and yield components of two cultivars of rapeseed bio as factorial experiment in Firoozabad city, Fars Provience, Iran. Firs factor included cultivars (Julius and Jerry) and secod factor was fertilizer (control, Bio-farm nitrogen, Nittrokara bio-fertilizer and Nitroxin bio-fertilizer). Measured traits included the number of pods per plant, seeds per pod, seed weight, seed yield, biological yield and harvest index. According to the results, it was founded that there is a significant difference between two varieties, Julius cultivar showed highest seed yield (923 gr/m2) and 827 gr/m2 was obtained by Jerry. In relation to fertilizer treatments, it was founded that Nitroxin had higest effect on studied characteristic and this treatment showed 1044 gr/m2 seed yield, hence, the using of this fertilizer is recommended to weather conditions of firouzabad city.

Drought stress is one of the major abiotic stresses in arid and semi-arid land of agriculture worldwide. This study was performed to evaluation of Drought stress on vegetative and reproductive characteristics of Zinnia elegans . Experimental design was CRD with 3 replication, At elongation stage, the plants were provided different degrees of drought stress: (1) mild drought with 65–70 % of the soil water capacity; (2) moderate drought with 45–65 % of the soil water content; (3) severe drought with 20–30 % of soil water capacity and; (4) control with 70 % of soil water capacity. Studied traits included: height, number of branches, stem diameter, leaf number, shoot fresh weight, shoot dry weight, root fresh weight, root dry weight, proline, total chlorophyll. Totally, our results showed that drought stress reduced all studied traits except proline, and by increasing of stress, reduction was increased but this trend was different for proline. Severe stress showed 54, 40, 40, 46, 48, 64, 34, 66 and 53% reduction for height, number of branches, stem diameter, leaf number, shoot fresh weight, shoot dry weight, root fresh weight, root dry weight and total chlorophyll in compare to control, respectively.

This research is the analysis of the erosion and degradation of specific annual average watershed feeding the old dam seriously threatened by the phenomenon of siltation of western Algeria and covering area of 7685 Km2 various lithological formations. The importance of suspended sediment resulting in a rapid filling of the reservoir, significantly reducing the life of the dam. Discontinuity or absence of vegetation cover promotes surface runoff due to the high rainfall intensity. It seems clear that the evolution of the siltation dam is given as a function of several parameters that are geology, lithology and flow regime and vegetation cover. It is therefore important that the rainfall intensity and violence of flood relief very little vegetation cover causes very pronounced erosion in the watershed of western Algeria. For this purpose the objective of this work emphasizes Galton's law for estimating the different flood several years Used the law significantly reduces the sampling error. This allows us a more accurate estimate of the probability level observations. Keywords: erosion, hydrology, flood, statistics, Mascara, Algeria

The FT?IR and FT?Raman spectra of benzyl fluoride were recorded and analyzed. The vibrational wavenumbers were examined theoretically with the aid of the GAUSSIAN 09 package of programs using the HF/6?311++G(d,p) and B3LYP/6?311++G(d,p) levels of theory. The data obtained from vibrational wavenumber calculations are used to assign vibrational bands obtained in IR and Raman spectroscopy of the studied molecule. The first hyperpolarizabililty, NBO, HOMO-LUMO, infrared intensities and Raman intensities are reported. The calculated first hyperpolarizability is comparable with the reported values of similar derivatives and is an attractive object for future studies of non?linear optics. The geometrical parameters of the title compound are in good agreement with the values of similar structures.

The problems of adaptation and of reduced possibilities of expression and externalizing of the psychic or somatic suffering of alexithymic patients is a special attention among specialists, being outlined a set of measures taken to reduce these deficiencies. One of the methods with curative potential on the human psyche is the music therapy, which offers endless possibilities for improving somatic and mental suffering. The interest for this art grows, more so when the latest researches finds many advantages attributable to the music, this being achieved thanks to the action of sound vibrations on the cerebral cortex, which may serve as a means of stimulation and potentiation of some intellectual and affective processes. However, the music can accomplish the major goal in achieving a cathartic process, acting as a purifier to the accumulated negative emotions, present in alexithymic patients . To develop a deeper perspective into communicative sphere, invite you to the reflection on the influence of musicby designing an intervention process in the future and awareness of how this can be done. Keywords: alexithymia, music therapy, emotional catharsis, music diagnosis.

This paper discusses the effectiveness of strategies used by rural municipalities in recovering service consumer debts. The choice of Thulamela municipality was informed by increases in municipal service consumer debts as a result of inadequate collection of rates and taxes. Unemployment, lack of enforcement of debt and credit policy issues was among the challenges for the municipality. A municipal service consumer debt recovery survey approach was used to unpack the challenges. The municipality uses an ad hoc debt recovery process instead of a holistic approach. The study outlines lessons to be learnt from the Thulamela experience for decision makers at local municipal level.