Archives-April 2016

Leadership is a very important factor in determining organisations’ effectiveness. The values uphold by leaders will influence their conduct as ethical leaders or not. What are ethical behaviours? Why are they important? What are the values and behaviours that are being inculcate among public sectors workers? How is it done? What are the strategies employed to enhance ethical behaviours? Analysis shows that despite numerous efforts done by the top managements, the result are not very encouraging because there is no comprehensive plan to educate public sector employees about ethics.

The study brings out subscribers preference of Mobile Number Portability (MNP) in Coimbatore city. The main objective of this study is to know the subscriber inclination and major influencing factor for preferring a particular operator. The research design used in this study is descriptive research design. Data was collected from 200 subscribers, after screening the data 200 subscribers were taken into the account. Data was collected by survey method through structured questionnaire with closed ended questions. The primary data were collected through questionnaire, personal and telephonic contact with the subscribers. The secondary data were collected from the available literature sources. For distribution of questionnaire to the subscribers random sampling method was used and to collect the customer opinion survey was taken among the selected subscribers. The collected data includes personal details, preceding and existing operator, awareness of MNP, utilization of MNP and satisfaction level of MNP. Most of the educated subscribers are having the awareness about of MNP. But, in case of illiterate people no awareness is there about the MNP. Most of the subscriber made satisfied with new operator. In India, out of 851 million subscribers 13 million subscribers are makes MNP request (1.53 %) the same outcome is exposed in this study also i.e, most of the subscribers are not willing to switch their operator and they want to retain their existing operator.

An efficient Communication helpful to a nation in emergency conditions is discussed. TETRA standard which has been defined by the European Telecommunication Standards Institute ETSI is a digital mobile radio system for voice and data communication in ultrahigh frequency (UHF) band. The main function of the system is to provide alternative service to private/professional mobile radio (PMR) types of users because it has disadvantages. TETRA system has a robust and professional mobile communication through cell type system which enables digital data transmission. It overcomes the traditional PMR telephony. It helps users that require their communication system to provide instant transmission, high reliability. It is reliable system suitable for use by different people and availability with a set of services designed to accommodate the daily use of the system as well as provide support in extraordinary conditions.

An efficient VLSI implementation of Adaptive Rank Order Filter (AROF) and Adaptive Median Filter (AMF) is proposed in this paper. Impulse noise is introduced in digital images during image acquisition and transmission. The noise reduction algorithms remove noise without degrading image information. Linear filters tend to blur an image; hence they are not commonly used. Non-linear filters provide more satisfactory results in comparison to linear filters. The proposed paper adapts the filter based on the level of noise intensity in the image. AMF provides better filtering properties than standard median filters for images corrupted with 60% noise density. AROF provides better filtering properties than it is possible with AMF for images corrupted with higher noise densities (>60%). The VLSI architecture for AROF and AMF implements pipelining with parallel processing in order to speed up the filtering process. The performance of the proposed algorithm is compared with Peak Signal to Noise Ratio (PSNR) and Image Enhancement Factor (IEF).

The use of cisterns in Iran has been diminishing rapidly due to the widespread use of piped water and household refrigerators. Except for a few cases still in use, most of these cisterns so-called "Ab-Anbar" have either given way to new developments or have been re-modeled as tourist attractions. Ab anbar (?? ?????) means 'water storage' in Persian. An ab-anbar is a traditional type of reservoir that was commonly built in pre-modern Iran. As the modern life and technology dominated the region, water pipeline system replaced cisterns. Supplying potable water in hot arid regions has always been a challenge for the residents. In central and eastern deserts of Iran, where poor rainfall and seasonal rivers cause extreme conditions in supplying water, a creative traditional solution has been a unique kind of water reservoirs (cisterns) called “Ab-Anabr”. These structures typically consist of an underground cube or cylindrical reservoir with a massive covering dome and one or more wind towers for ventilation and a staircase for taking water. Ab-Anbars were often constructed by first digging a cylindrical or sometimes rectangular tank deep into the ground--sometimes as far as twenty meters. The walls of the tank were lined with bricks using a special type of mortar called sarooj that was considered to be completely impermeable to water. The tank was then covered with a dome that protected the water in the tank from evaporation and contamination from windborne dust and bird droppings. The windcatchers that projected from the dome allowed for dry desert air to flow into and out of the dome, performing the dual functions of cooling the water and preventing condensation from forming on the inside of the dome, which could potentially lead to mildew and other hygenic concerns. Purity of the water was further maintained by isolating the main tank entirely from human contact. Water could only be obtained from the cistern by descending a series of steps runnning adjacent to the tank. Taps near the top of the stairs provided warmer water, while the coolest water could be obtained by descending to the bottom of the stairs and extracting water from taps at the base. Ab-anbars were so important to life in desert regions that they often became integrated into structures built atop them, such as caravanserais or mosques.

Born in Tehran in 1937, Tanavoli benefited from Reza Shah Pahlavi’s quest for modernization/westernization. After Western-style art education had been introduced to Iran, Tanavoli graduated as the first student from the new sculpture programme at the Tehran School of Arts in 1956. Subsequently he went to Italy in order to study under the well-known sculptor Marino Marini (1901–1980). Marini’s awareness of the past traditions of his native country, and their incorporation into his contemporary work, led Tanavoli to explore his own cultural heritage and to search for a style suitable to express Persia’s past achievements in a modern way. Recurring themes in Tanavoli’s sculpture consistently contain references to the human figure, evident both in the upright sculptural forms and their titles. Tanavoli progressively replaces any descriptive figurative features with cultural symbols. This fusion of human and cultural emblems is an enduring characteristic of Tanavoli’s powerful sculptural statements. Each work imbues special meaning like Persian poetry, which is more concerned with subjective interpretation of reality than with its external manifestations. It is this quality that is embraced in a wide range of works and revealed in Lovers, Beloved, Prophet and Poets. His signature series 'Heech' has found its place in various prestigious museums and galleries worldwide. Red Heech (below) is in the British Museum, London. Tanavoli, at 74, is as productive as ever. The exhibition is drawn entirely from the artist’s collection and features a number of works never seen before. He has taken part in several international group exhibitions and is one of the most popular artists at auctions.

Collaborative Sensor Fault Detection (CSFD) technique is used to detect the faults in the sensor nodes of a fusion center in a robust distribution estimation scheme. This technique can identify the faulty nodes efficiently and improve the accuracy of the estimates. ASIC implementation is used to design the fusion center based on their applications. In this approach there occurs some limitations such as computational complexity; hardware implementation is quite complex and high power consumption. In order to overcome these difficulties, we modify CSFD and propose an ECSFD scheme. ECSFD is simple and requires lower computational complexity, thus lower hardware cost and power consumption can be achieved. Furthermore, ECSFD achieves almost the same performance as CSFD. VLSI architecture is developed for hardware implementation.

Over the decade, the problems of national food nutrition and fibre crises have been on the increase and the ghost chasing the economy is no longer a figment of the imagination. The time has come for a definitive attack. This paper examined the economics of promoting increased food production through efficient inputs services and farm-rural infrastructures. The basic agricultural inputs for modernized commercial production are land, Labour, modern farm capital, water, climate, power and entrepreneurship, while basic infrastructures that promote agricultural production include rural, physical, social, institutional and farm facilities. These inputs and infrastructures interact, thus have competitive, complimentary supportive, joint effect and consequently; the economics of inputs-infrastructures promotion raises quantitative, management, organizational, institutional and costs return implications that merit substantial research efforts in the context of the atomistic population of small holder farmers in Nigeria. Although government may facilitates, stimulates and promotes growth of Agriculture food production programme, success must ultimately depend on the multitude of farm household. To secure food security for the teaming population, various motivated programmes (farm settlement) and the co-operationalized systems must be updated. Hence Inputs-land, Labour, capital, power and entrepreneurship must be earnest in a way to favour production and basic rural-farm infrastructures. Keywords: Food production, Input services, Rural infrastructures

Abstract: It’s a well-known factor that India is one of the largest consumer market in the world. When it comes to analyzing Indian Market, it becomes a holistic process. The very diversity in this country has always given sleepless nights to the marketers. Urban–rural purchaser difference, geographical difference, food habits, inequality in income levels, educational backwardness, regional and religion diversity, socio cultural differences etc. are the major challenges companies face in the process of the branding and marketing. Therefore marketer are now trying to study the fundamental needs and causes of consumers as well as numerous factors which influences the needs and desires in consumers. The rural market has been emerging increasingly and has taken a shape of a potential and a strong market. About 70 per cent of India’s population lives in villages and this is the untapped market which is the boon for the marketers of both national and International levels.

Uttermost of Internet traffic is coordinated of applications where users are engrossed in procuring the data from server, which they access from the host .In other words, today’s Internet architecture is host-centric. This paper elaborates the need of data-centric architecture over host-centric architecture. But there are no possibilities to deploy pure data-centric architecture practically in one night. This is an incrementally deployable network architecture that successfully supports both services that is host-centric and data-centric network. And withal being data-centric and incrementally deployable, DCNA additionally fortifies mobility and multi-homing features effectively [12]. Keywords—Ad-hoc network, Particle swarm optimization, Dynamic route guidance, future proof, incrementally deployable.