Archives-April 2015

Chicken feather disposal has contributed significantly in the galloping elephantiasis in our society; hence this research work was targeted on recycling chicken feathers into a more useful material that would find its applications in virtually all discipline. These natural Fibres are low-cost with low density and good mechanical properties. This study uses Taguchi’s robust design on the basis of the higher the better to investigate the effect of (A: Volume fraction, B: Fibre length and C: Fibre orientation) to determine the optimum Tensile strength, Flexural strength and Hardness strength of the chicken feather barbs (CFB) and chicken feather rachis (CFR) when reinforced with epoxy. The optimum tensile strength, flexural strength and hardness strength of the chicken feather barbs are (34.40MPa, 60.05MPa and 18.87MPa) while that of the chicken feather rachis are (34.00MPa, 70.30MPa and 19.1MPa), respectively. This study shows that the composite of the CFB are better in tensile, while the CFR are better both in flexural and hardness strength. The young’s Moduli of the CFB ranges from 0.81GPa to 1.63GPa, while that of the CFR ranges from 0.58GPa to 1.90GPa. Higher proportion of the chicken feather barbs, however, showed significant reduction in the density and void fraction of the composite material. It can therefore be concluded that a low cost composite material could be processed from the chicken feather thereby reducing the risk of pollution and disease associated with it.

Register as one of the main issues in translation studies has been a topic of some discussions lately and most of the translation researchers have been in favor of it and used it to assess the translations quality or find ways to translate register. However, there is a sever lack of research on the impact of some factors on translation of register that that factor in current study is interpersonal intelligence. To this end, the researcher aimed at finding out the relationship between interpersonal intelligence and translation of register in different characters. The study contains a pool of 28 students participated as the source of data including two groups of experimental and control. Pearson Correlation Coefficient was administered where SPSS V18 was used for statistical analysis. Having separately assessed the students’ performances in two groups in two session of pre-test and post-test after two different terms on the tests based on Gardner’s and Kim’s assessment criteria, the researcher found a positive moderate correlation between the two variables of instruction of interpersonal intelligence and translation of register. according to comparison of relationship between two groups it is discovered that in experimental group that there was treatment (instruction of interpersonal intelligence), the amount of increase in scores was much more than that of control group that was not instructed interpersonal intelligence. Therefore, the study showed that having a high interpersonal intelligence and instructing of it could effect on knowing the verbal and non-verbal feeling of the characters and translating their register and variety of languages best.

This paper is intended the elastic scattering of an electron from the target by absorbing a photon from the laser field has been studied for the polarized potential. Since the solution of the Schro ?dinger equation of whole three-body system has not been found, we consider such intensities of electromagnetic field (Laser field) that the electron field coupling is the dominant process and the target is transparent to the field such that photon- target coupling can be ignored. Therefore the internal structure of target can be ignored and represented just as a scattering potential. For number of photon, l=-1 i.e, absorption of a photon (inverse Bremsstrahlung).The differential scattering cross section of an electron depends upon the fourth power of the wavelength (?^4) and the intensity of the Laser field. From this work we see that at certain values of laser parameters the differential scattering cross section of scattered electron decreases with increase in scattering angle and attains a minimum value of 0.1 barn and further increase in scattering angle also increases in differential scattering cross section and attains a maximum value of 0.3 barn.

In this study a non–parametric method of data envelopment analysis (DEA) was applied to analyze the energy efficiency and its optimization for garlic producers of Guilan province, Iran. The initial data were collected from 60 farmers using face-to-face questionnaire method in the villages of the Langroud city in the mentioned province. For garlic production processing, there was seven input energy (including human labor, machinery, diesel fuel, chemical fertilizers, seed, biocides and farmyard manure) and one output energy (including garlic yield). For applying DEA method, we use of two methods covering CCR and BCC models. The results of these models indicated that 18 and 43 units was efficient as technical and pure technical efficiency, respectively. Also, the scale efficiency score of 18 units was one in the studied area. The average of technical, pure technical and scale efficiency scores was computed as 0.847, 0.940 and 0.896, respectively. Moreover, the total energy use can be reduced about 6552 MJ ha?1 comparing present condition (with 17.81% difference). The highest difference between optimum and present condition was found in diesel fuel and seed with 19.88% for both of them. The chemical fertilizers (with 46.83%) and diesel fuel (with 17.98%) had the highest share of total energy saving in garlic production by DEA approach, respectively.

This paper presents a novel approach to the design and implementation of CPLD (Complex Programmable Logic Devices) based DAS (Data Acquisition System) for varies application. This technique performs the acquisition of physical signal, conversion of analog signal to digital signal and storing of the information. The core heart of the proposed system is CPLD, which allows individual modules on a chip to work independently from each other which is configured and programmed to acquire real time data. The data for the process is acquired using suitable temperature and gas sensors. Signal conditioners are designed for each sensor and are tested in real time. The ADC0808 (analog to digital converter) is adopted for this system, which is a high speed monolithic CMOS device with an 8-bit, 8-channel analog-to-digital converter using successive approximation as the conversion technique. Cool Runner-II CPLD by Xilinx is used as the main controller from which all modules are implemented in VHDL using Xilinx ISE Design Suite9.2 and simulated using Isim.

The main objectives of this study were to analyze the energy efficiency of broiler production of Mazandaran province in north of Iran based on traditional and modern farms. For these purposes the data envelopment analysis (DEA) approach was applied to the data on energy use in broiler production in individual farms. The results indicated that the percentage of efficient units were founded about 17% and 34% in technical (CCR model) and pure technical (BCC model) for both systems. Also, about 17% of total units of traditional and modern farms had the efficient score fore scale efficiency index. Based on CCR and BCC models of DEA, the average of technical, pure technical and scale efficiency scores of traditional farms was calculated as 0.837, 0.927 and 0.906, respectively; while the modern farms results indicated that technical, pure technical and scale efficiency scores was founded as 0.873, 0.978 and 0.892, respectively. The total saving energy of traditional and modern farms was about 19907 and 6740 MJ 1000 birds-1, respectively. Accordingly, it can be said, comparing to present farms, the total energy requirement of DEA method decreased as 11.16% and 3.57% for traditional and modern farms, respectively. The last part of this research illustrated that diesel fuel, feed and electrical energy had the highest share for total saving energy by the DEA method in both systems of broiler production.

In mineral bio-beneficiation, it is very important to understand the microbial surface characteristics and its behaviour onto the mineral surface. Bacillus cereus bacterium has never been used before as a bio-reagent for separation of different mineral systems. In this paper, complete characterization of such type of bacteria, isolated from Egyptian iron ore surface, including gram stain, growth curve, Biolog microbial identification, Zeta potential measurements, FTIR measurements, Scanning Electron Microscope, SEM as well as protein and polysaccharide analysis have been studied. The results confirmed that Bacillus cereus is a gram positive bacterium, rod shaped, smooth and circular with different types of by-products as polysaccharides, carboxylic acids and amino acids that gives an amphoteric behaviour on the cell surface. The results of zeta potential showed that the iso-electric point (IEP) of iron oxide (? 6.3) is significantly displaced to lower values (? 2.2) after treatment with the bacterial isolates which indicates the bacterial hydrophobic effect. This is in agreement with FTIR results which confirmed the formation of hydrogen bond between OH group (of the polysaccharides part) and/or the COOH group of both the polysaccharides or the protein fractions of the bacteria with the positively adsorption sites of hematite lead to a reduction in the zeta potential of its surface to be close from that of the bacteria itself. The results obtained showed a better affinity of Bacillus cereus to hematite mineral and could be used in separation of such mineral from its associated gangue minerals.

An unmagnetized dusty plasma consisting of static negatively charged dust fluid, nonthermal distributed electrons, and adiabatic ion fluid has been considered. Basic properties of the dust-ion-acoustic shock waves have been made by the reductive perturbation method to derive the Burgers’ equation for nonplanar geometry. The solution of modified Burgers’ equation in nonplanar geometry is numerically analyzed and it has been found that, the nonplanar geometry effects have a very vital role in the development of shock waves. We also discovered that; the inclusion of the nonthermal electron distribution significantly modifies the shock wave profile. The change of the DIASW structure due to the effect of ion temperature and dust density is studied.

In recent years, coincide with population growth and industrial expansion, in many countries in the world, Extract water of underground sources expanded and annual withdrawal of ground water is higher than the annual feeding. This means extracting and using the water in layers that has been saved over thousands of years in the underground. Consequently groundwater levels in the area will be extracted every day and eventually drop where the water will not exist. While proper management and control of these resources will eliminate the problems of drop in water level. One way to managing groundwater resources is artificial recharge of groundwater and determine suitable locations for these purpose. growth and development trend of Mashhad city and excessive Extracting of ground water in recent years, has been essential groundwater resources management strategy in the region more than ever implied. The purpose of this study is Zoning Mashhad watershed for artificial recharge of underground aquifers using TOPSIS Model and GIS technique. TOPSIS algorithm is a Multi Criteria Decision Making, a type of compensatory model and an adaptable subgroup with strong ability to solve multi alternative problems because of having ability to overlap indicators in weak and power points . In this model, if quantitative criteria can change in to qualitative criteria, qualitative criteria can be used besides quantitative criteria. In aforementioned model, it is supposed that each indicator and criterion has steady increasing and decreasing utility in decision making matrix; it means if criteria gain more positive amount, they will be more appropriate, on the contrary the more negative amount, the less appropriate. The result and findings of different studies show that in TOPSIS method, zone 3 with (0/669) point promotes in first rank among 5 studied zones and thus it is the most appropriate zone to establish the proper area for artificial recharge of underground aquifers , in contrast zone 1 with (0/302) point goes down to the last rank and so it isn`t suitable for establishing damp and zones (4,2,5) with (0/650, 0/450, 0/325) points are located in next ranks.

The photocatalytic activity was studied under UV light using AC-Cd/TiO2 prepared via precipitation method and characterized by powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) , high resolution scanning electron micrographs (HR-SEM) with energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX), photoluminescence (PL) and Fourier transform Raman analysis (FT-RAMAN). The enhanced photo catalytic activity of the AC-Cd/TiO2 is demonstrated through photodegradation of methylene blue under UV light radiation at 365 nm. The mechanism of photocatalytic effect of AC-Cd/TiO2 Nano composite material has been discussed Further its antibacterial activity against two gram positive and two gram negative bacterial strain is studied.