Gynaecology

The extrinsic compression by the gravid uterus is the most common cause of hydronephrosis in pregnancy. This is often tolerated seen its regressive nature after childbirth. However, this physiological factor could unmask a preexisting urinary deasise.We report, the clinical case of a patient aged 35, pregnant at 9 weeks, who was admitted to the emergency of renal colic.She had medical treatment without improvement. The evolution was marked by the clinical and biological improvement. After delivery, she had a CT scan that showed no abnormality, we also report a literature review on problems of diagnosis and management of urolithiasis in pregnancy.

The partial substitution of the ureter using a pediculated double short segments of the ileum is a technique used to re-establish ureteral transit and preserve the renal unit, following the resection of extensive ureteral lesions. Standard surgical procedure for an ileoureteroplasty consists of isolating an ileal duct of equal or greater length than the ureteral defect and interposing it in the urinary tract in an isoperistaltic direction.Monti described a surgical technique that allows for the creation of catheterizable stomas in continent urinary diversions, using the Mitrofanoff principle. These passageways were created from one or several 2.5 cm long ileal sections by means of their detubulization and transverse retubulization.

Lipoleiomyomas are unusually rare variant of uterine myomas. Its incidence varied from 0.03% to 0.2%. Lipoleiomyomas occur in different locations including cervix and ovaries. These tumors are benign and histological findings being composed of benign smooth muscle and mature adipose tissue. Clinically it is similar to leiomyomas, and most of lipoleiomyomas are asymptomatic requires no treatment.

Diverticulum of the man urethra (DMU) is a rare clinical entity. It is characterized by a separate saccular dilatation that communicates with the urethra, the origin is essentially gained. The authors report a clinical case of diverticulum of the man urethra acquired after endoscopic internal urethrotomy for urethral strictures. The suspected diagnosis was confirmed by retrograde and voiding urethrocystography as well as urethrocystoscopy. The treatment consisted of excision of the diverticulum with reduction urethroplasty. Epidemiological, diagnostic and therapeutic aspects are reviewed.

We report three cases of abdominal fibromatosis that caused hydronephrosis by extrinsic ureteral compression in young women with a fruitlessly surgical resection. This ureteral compression was treated by endoscopic placing of double pigtail stents or percutaneous nephrostomy associated with tamoxifen with, apparently, stabilization of the disease. All three patients were regularly monitored with change of the ureteral stents.

Replacement feeding is known way of feeding babies born of HIV infected mothers in order to curb Mother-to-child transmission (MTCT). The reactions of family members and other neighbours towards HIV infected mothers who cannot breastfeed their babies poses a challenge to public health as a whole. This is because heeding to health education on appropriate actions to reduce or stop MTCT of HIV/AIDS through avoidance of breastfeeding may be fruitless as the mothers may be stigmatized. In communities with infant feeding groups or HIV support groups, the story may be different and will lead to better baby outcomes. In conditions where the family and the community understands and are supportive or in favour or replacement feeding, the chance of child survival is certainly higher. In sub urban areas like the study where the prevalence (11.9%) of MTCT of HIV has been found to be highest in the whole nation, MTCT transmission through breastfeeding could be possible. Thus this survey was find out the support and community participation in curbing HIV transmission through breastfeeding by the use of replacement feeding. A cross-sectional research design was used and the variables described. In both approaches (quantitative and qualitative methods) of data collection were used. The quantitative arm recruited 112 women in three facilities using convenient sampling and a WHO structured questionnaire and the qualitative components sourced 16 women from eight community-based associations for in-depth interviews. Microsoft Excel and Stata statistical software version 10 were used for creating data-base and analysis respectively. Community support on infant feeding was low. The results could be used in intensifying the health education on PMTCT of HIV/AIDS.

Uterine rupture is a potentially catastrophic event during childbirth for mother & baby. The incidence of ruptured uterus is 0.3 to 1.7% in scarred uterus, and 0.03 to 0.08% in unscarred uterus. The mortality rate ranges between 1-13% and perinatal mortality between 74-94%. The most common cause for rupture in unscarred uterus is cephalo pelvic disproportion. We present a case of uterine rupture in a patient who had previous normal vaginal birth.

An elderly lady came to our gynaecology clinic with foul smelling vaginal discharge since 2 years. It was a case of retained foreign body in vagina for 6 years, a wood apple was inserted to reduce uterine prolapsed. The is rare presentation now a days.

Cervical cancer is the commonest malignancy among women in India. Cytological screening (PAP Smear) has claimed to reduce the incidence and mortality of cervical cancer significantly. This cross – sectional study was conducted on 96 women attending screening camps to determine the prevalence rate of cervical cancer and to find out the association between cervical cancer and socio – demographic variables. Chi – Square test was used to find out the association between cervical cancer and socio – demographic variables. The prevalence of cervical cancer was found to be 14.4%, out of which 12.2% being carcinoma in situ and 2.2% high grade neoplasia. Statistically significant association was found between cervical cancer and age at marriage (< 18 years) and high parity (>3), (p<0.05). Prevalence of risk factors for cervical cancer in this study was high. This study concludes that community based cancer awareness camp approach is an effective method in screening cervical cancer and is an indispensable method to reduce mortality due to cervical cancer in India.

Background: The parity is the number of times that she has given birth to a fetus with a gestational age of (24) weeks or more, regardless of whether the child was born alive or was stillborn. The aim of this study is to shed more like on the role of effect parity on fibrinogen level. Objectives: study the effect of parity on the plasma fibrinogen in normal pregnant Sudanese women, and determination of levels of plasma fibrinogen in pregnant women Material and method: cross- sectional study was conducted at Algazera& Khartoum states during October to November 2015. (120) normal pregnant women with age ranging (20 – 42) years, classified as (60) non pregnant women (nullparas) as control group, (30) multiparae and (30) grand multipara’s. Results: The concentration of fibrinogen in the multiparae mean (6.20) as compared to (8.52) mg/dl in the control group (P.value 0.266) was insignificant, Grand multipara mean (3.77) as compared to (8.52) mg/dl in the control group (P.value 0.015) were significantly decreased compared to control.Conclusion: Normal pregnant multipara and grand multipara women fibrinogen levels are lower than in aged matched with non pregnant women. These changes are not directly associated with lipid metabolism during pregnancy (8).