Archives-September 2015

The aim of this paper is to explore the diasporic sensibilities of Jhumpha Lahiri as demonstrated through the culinary montage she appends to the retrospection of her life and history narrated in her anthology of short stories titled Interpreter of Maladies. The article highlights how Indian women living abroad find difficult to shed off the memories of their native land during their process of assimilation. To camouflage her apprehension of losing her identity and ameliorate her sense of dislocation in a foreign land, Jhumpha Lahiri persistently makes references to Indian food habits and culinary skills. Further she reminisces of rituals practised in the kitchen room and uses excessive food imagery to substantiate the physical and psychical conditions of Indian men and women and also to evaluate their intensiveness of relationship- cordial or complicated.

This study investigated the development of thermo-regulated and eco-friendly bricks for thermo-regulated houses using anthill clay. Anthill Clay samples obtained from two tropical climatic locations were crushed, properly mixed with adequate water and varied proportions of Cement (0 - 20%), and subjected to standard laboratory experiments. The anthill clay samples for chemical composition, particle size distribution using sieve analysis and Atterberg limits tests were drawn before the compounding of the mixture for other tests. Specimens prepared using anthill clay and anthill-cement mix were tested, for physical, mechanical and thermal properties. The results of chemical composition, particle size distribution, atterberg limits and natural moisture content, showed that the Anthill Clay is a fireclay composed of inorganic coarse silt materials with mild plasticity. The chemical composition revealed that the clay contained residual carbon on ignition of 1.2% which is from the organic matter used by the white ants (termites) in compounding the clay, it is also responsible in regulating the amount of heat that enters the anthill. The effects of Cement on the anthill clay were visible on the dry density with an optimum value of 1878 kgm-3 at 10% additive. The Linear shrinkage and water absorption showed an inversely proportional effect to increasing additive amounts with optimum values of 1.86% and 4.22% at 10% additive respectively. The compressive strength increased with a maximum value of 9.04 Nmm-2 at 20% additive and an optimum value of 3.75 Nmm-2 at 10% additive, while the abrasion index decreased with a minimum value of 0.162units at 20% additive. The thermal conductivity had a direct proportional increase with % cement increase in the bricks, with a minimum value of 0.621W/mK at 0% additive with acceptable values at the other additive percentages. Based on the need to develop a thermo-regulated-eco-friendly brick with improved functional properties and thermoregulatory ability, the optimum product was achieved at 10% admixture (Anthill Clay + Cement 10%) which adhered to all recommended standards of the selected properties for clay bricks. The anthill clay does not emit CO2 and hence the control was from the quantity of cement added. This percentage proportion of the additive is suitable for the production of Anthill Clay brick for building thermo-regulated houses and agricultural storage structures, in urban and most especially in rural areas that are capable of withstanding the recent global warming effects in Nigeria and the world.

ABSTRACT The FT-IR and FT Raman spectra of 3,4-dichlorobenzaldehyde (DCB) and 4-methoxy- 3-methyl benzaldehyde (MMB) molecules have been recorded in the region 4000-400cm-1 and 3500-50cm-1 respectively. Optimized geometrical parameters, harmonic vibrational frequencies and depolarization ratio have been computed by density functional theory (DFT) using B3LYP/6-311+G(d,p) and B3LYP/6-311++G(d,p) method and basis sets. The observed FT-IR and FT-Raman vibrational frequencies are analysed and compared with theoretically predicted vibrational frequencies. The geometries and normal modes of vibration obtained from DFT method are in good agreement with the experimental data. The first-order hyperpolarizability (?0) of the investigated molecule were computed using DFT calculations. The calculated HOMO and LUMO energies shows that charge transfer occur within molecule. Unambiguous vibrational assignments of all the fundamentals was made using the total energy distribution (TED). Keywords: DCB,MMB, FT-IR, FT- Raman, HOMO-LUMO, DFT , NLO Corresponding author: mobile: +91 9442959222. E-mail address: jjmarivu@yahoo.co.in (M. Arivazhagan)

ESP research has gained interest as a field of research for two decades. The aim of this study was to design and test the efficacy of a vocabulary training program to improve English language learning of female students at Princess Norah University. The subjects of the study were 40 female pre-service teachers. The study was experimental in that it employed pre-test, training and post-test. Findings revealed that students in the experimental group performed better than those in the control group during the posttest. The proposed vocabulary training program is recommended to improve EFL students’ learning. The researcher concludes that while the program largely achieved its goals, the research has highlighted some areas for improvement. Based on the findings of the study several recommendations are forwarded.

In recent times, Nigeria and most developing countries have witnessed an increase in malnutrition and health challenges. There are several natural sources/resources for attaining good nutrition for the achievement of good health; one of the scientifically proven resources is Moringa oleifera. Therefore, this study assessed consumers’ willingness to pay for health benefits of Moringa oleifera Products in Ogun State. A total of 150 respondents were interviewed in 2 Local Government Areas of the State which were purposively selected to reflect the three classes of consumers the study is interested in. Data were analyzed using Descriptive statistics and Logit regression model. The Contingent Valuation Method was used to determine the consumers’ willingness to pay for Moringa oleifera Leaf Powder and Moringa oleifera Seed. Results revealed that 54.0% of the respondents were females, 44.0% civil servants with a mean age of 42 years and mean monthly income of N106,607.00. Logit model revealed that bid (p<0.01), education (p<0.05), awareness level (p<0.01) and age (p<0.01) were significant determinants of willingness to pay for Moringa oleifera leaf powder while education, household size, awareness level and income were significant factors influencing willingness to pay for Moringa oleifera seed. The mean willingness to pay for 100g of Moringa oleifera leaf powder and seed was N610 and N517 respectively. The study concluded that majority of the respondents were willing to pay for Moringa oleifera products. The study therefore recommends that there is the need for enlightenment programmes to enhance consumer knowledge on advantages and health benefits of MOP consumption as well as design of empowerment programme target at increasing household income.

The e-healthcare applications are considered as a promising field in wireless sensor networks, where patients can be monitored using wireless medical sensor networks (WMSN). Recent research in WMSN healthcare is focused on patient reliable communication, patient mobility, and energy-efficient routing. Deploying new technologies in healthcare applications without considering security makes patient privacy vulnerable. Security is a paramount requirement of healthcare applications, especially in the case of patient privacy, if the patient has an embarrassing disease. This paper will discuss on various security mechanism, privacy issues and requirement of e-healthcare applications.

To investigate the differences between advanced and (lower) intermediate learners' sources of errors, two groups of eighty homogenous EFL Iranian learners were selected. The first group were eighty advanced English learners of one institute in Kerman at FCE (pre-intermediate level) level and the second group were eighty lower intermediate English learners of the same institute at COMB 1 (advanced) level. The researcher observed the subjects' performances and made a ten-hour audio-recording of their performances. The recorded tapes were transcribed. The findings of the study revealed that firstly, lower intermediate learners committed much more errors than the advanced ones (3360 errors versus 753), having equal time; secondly, there were significant differences between the intermediate and advanced learners' sources of errors. The intermediate learners mostly committed interlingual errors while most advanced learners committed intralingual errors. Both groups committed idiosyncratic errors too. Thirdly, there were meaningful differences between the two proficiency groups' types of intralingual errors; the intermediate learners committed much more overgeneralization and undergeneralization errors than the advanced learners, while both groups had equal faulty categorization errors.

In this chapter, a Mathematical model is proposed to the study of depletion of a uniformly distributed forest biomass caused by different levels of industrialization and population in two adjoining regions of the habitat. Industrialization dependent, constant, instantaneous, and periodic emissions of pollutant into the environment are taken into consideration. Criteria for local stability, instability, and global stability of non-negative equilibrium are obtained in the absence of diffusion and in presence of diffusion. A model of a single species population living in two patch habitats with migration between them across a barrier was proposed by Freedman and Waltman [5]. The model was extended in [17,19] to include the case where animal species leaving one habitat does not necessarily reach the other habitat, the existence of a positive equilibrium as a function of barrier strengths was examined. Also Freedman [7] studied a single species diffusion model by assuming that the habitat consists of two patches and has shown that there exists a positive, monotonic, continuous non uniform steady state solution that is linearly asymptotically stable under both reservoir and no-flux boundary conditions.

The present study was carried out to analyze the use of motivational strategies at secondary level in public and private sector schools. For data collection, two schools in public and private sector each were selected from Islamabad. Data was collected through a Questionnaire. Fifty teachers (twenty-five from public and twenty five from private sector) of secondary classes were selected for answering the questionnaire. Quantitative analysis method was used for data analysis. The result of analysis shows that application of motivational strategies is better in private school as compared to public school.

The occurrence of organochlorine pesticide residues in food matrices has become essential due to the toxicity and intransigence of these xenobiotics. Residue levels of organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) were determined in two leafy vegetables sampled from selected major growing areas in Ghana. The determination was carried out using Gas Chromatography/ Mass Spectrophotometer (GC/MS) procedures. The results indicated that cabbage samples had the widest spread of OCP contamination between the two leafy vegetables analyzed. Residues of pesticides (75%) were found in all samples obtained from Akuapem-Mampong compared to samples obtained from the Accra Metropolis (100%) indicating high occurrence of these xenobiotics in the vegetables collected from farms in Accra. The commonest organochlorine pesticides that were used by almost all farmers were endrin, p, p-DDE, p, p-DDD, p, p-DDT, ?-chlordane, endosulfan sulphate, ?-endosulphan, ?-endosulphan, ?-HCH, ?-HCH and lindane. The residual levels of OCPs in cabbage and lettuce clearly indicate that, samples obtained in the city had higher OCP levels compared to samples obtained from the rural areas. The study shows that application of pesticides at higher doses results in higher levels of the chemicals in vegetables thereby exposing the entire Ghanaian population and the consequent health implications. Regular monitoring of OCPs in vegetables and other food matrices is key to prevent their accumulation in the food chain.