Archives-May 2015

Inhibition of C-steel corrosion by metal-organic frameworks containing heterocyclic ligand of Ag (I) in 1 M HCl was investigated by weight loss, potentiodynamic polarization, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and electrochemical frequency modulation (EFM) measurements. The inhibition efficiency increased with increase in inhibitor concentration but decreased with rise in temperature. The thermodynamic parameters of corrosion and adsorption processes were determined and discussed. The adsorption of these inhibitors was found to obey Temkin’s adsorption isotherm. Whereas thermodynamic suggested that a physisorption process occurred.The surface morphology of carbon steel sample was investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM).

The present study was aimed to find out the relationship of marital adjustment between working and non-working married women. Sample of the study consisted of 100 working and non-working married women (working married women = 50, non-working married women = 50). Their age ranged between 25 to 46 years. Urdu Translation of Dyadic Adjustment Scale (Naseer, 2002) was administered to measure the Marital Adjustment of the entire sample. Results showed that that the non-working married women are better adjusted than working women. Working married women were facing more problems in their married life as compared to non-working married women; non-working married women are better adjusted than working women.

For a DFIG based wind energy system, the Rotor side converter (RSC) controls the torque and active/ reactive power of the generator while Grid side converter (GSC) controls the DC-link voltage and its AC-side reactive power. The stability of DC link capacitor voltage ensures that a nearly sinusoidal voltage is delivered by the GSC which is used as inverter. The present paper explores the important issues of maintaining the DC link capacitor Voltage value as close as possible to the nominal value of 1150 V and its Reactive Power value as close as possible to 0 Mvar under certain common types of faults.

Indian English has a special Indian tone, sensibility, vocabulary and to some extend syntax. Indian writers are naturally faced with many problems and find difficulty in presenting Indian consciousness, thoughts, scenes, reality, culture and belief system. The use of English by Indian authors has always been to suit their tastes and needs. Indians have been writing in English and have achieved considerable success from the very beginning. Indian English novelists have been experimenting with language. They tried to mould the language to suitably communicate Indian thoughts and experiences. It appears that even the early novelists of English were aware of the problems of using a foreign language for literary work. India developed her own idioms in the same process as the other British colonies had done. At the level of vocabulary, the early novelists had to take recourse to various innovations and experiments by retaining a number of culture words in their works. Indian authors made an attempt to give a local flavor to their works, especially in order to satisfy the demand for exoticism by Western readers. The language of the colonizer and the colonized will be in conflict on various levels, as e.g. those of dominance, control and obedience, or of cultural authority and prestige, and of linguistic and cultural identity. This paper deals with language used by Indian authors to retain Indian tone in their works.

The aim of this study is to show the relationship between foreign investment and economic growth. Framework is used to show impact over the period of 1986 to 2013 .The result of these tables show that there is positive relationship between foreign investment and economic growth. We also examines that there is lack of sources in Pakistan .We have used secondary data for this study .This study will reveal that foreign investment is playing important role to fulfils requirement of sources .On the other hand, foreign investment has important role for the development of Pakistan economy. Most importantly, the Pakistan has chosen investor friendly policy. Foreign investment has two types 1) mixture of green field investment and 2)privatization proceeds .We propose a mechanism that foreign investment determine the political risk. Foreign investment also play important role to maintain a BOP of host country .In this study also show that which policies is important for the development of country 1) reduce political risk 2) foreign investment .This study also shows that Sri Lanka has rate of foreign investment is low then other Asian countries .Market access and modern technology is a main components of foreign investment .However, productivity can be improve by foreign investment (1997) the ratio of foreign investment in Pakistan is 0.2%.The main reason of poor performance in Pakistan is that basically Pakistan is a agriculture country and we have poor industries skills .For the development of country there is need to investment 35% to 40% in a year .In this study also shows that terries has negative effect on foreign investment of Pakistan .State bank of Pakistan regulates foreign investment inside and outside the Pakistan. Economy of every country depends upon circle of a foreign investment .For a strong country there is need of a strong economy .In this study we also examine that foreign investment growth rate is increasing then international trade. For the development of economic growth there is needed to invest 35 to 40% in GDP. Foreign investment has different shapes like.1) foreign loans 2) foreign direct investment3) portfolio. In the last year the exports of Pakistan is 12.9billion and import was 18.7billion. Japan has a vast export market for Pakistan. Economic development can be increase with foreign trade e .g raw cotton clothes and wheat is the main products of Pakistan.

In tackling with a big dataset, a new and better approach is crucial to be used for. As in this paper, to develop an algorithm modelling for Boosted Regression Trees (BRT), author are decided to use the programming R statistical data analysis tool. The data used in this research, is a one-hour time range of data collected from 2009 up to 2012 for an environment station located at coastal-environment area somewhere in northern of Malaysia. Thus, step by step flowchart from the beginning till the objective been achieve, were provided, and created. Sensitive testing of model been carried out with the three main parameters. Only the number of trees (nt) is to be determine by using the method of estimating the optimal number of iterations; an independent test set (test), out-of-bag estimation (OOB), and five-fold CV. While the learning rate (lr) and interaction depth (tc) been fixed at 0.001 and 5 respectively. Results indicated that the BRT analysis algorithm best modelled with the best combination of parameters nt of 10000 together with lr and tc that achieves minimum predictive error (minimum error for predictions). Besides, with the boosting output of relative influence plot, and partial dependency plot, the variables significantly influenced Ozone are humidity, ambient temperature, NO, and wind speed with 61.72%, 18.17%, 10.27% and 4.5% respectively. The algorithm model for BRT produced by using the simulated data is best guidance to be used in the field of air pollution specifically. As a matter of fact, the BRT Algorithm can be modelled in varies field with big dataset.

In this work, we report a combined experimental and theoretical study on molecular structure, vibrational spectra and NBO analysis of Isobutyltrimethoxylsilane. Density functional theory (DFT),B3LYP/6-311++G (d,p) basis set was used for the optimization of the ground state geometry and simulation of the Infrared and Raman spectra of this molecule. Calculated geometrical parameters fit very well with the experimental ones.The Self Assembled Monolayer of Isobutyltrimethoxylsilane on Si/SiO2 substrate was prepared and the resulting surface was studied using AFM.

This article focuses upon the verbal voice in Kizombo (H.16h), also known in Bantu literature as verbal derivation. The voice is a grammatical category which allows speakers to elaborate strategies to connect the sets of themes roles and the grammatical relations. We discuss the extensions that decrease the valency: passive, reciprocal, reflexive, stative and the middle one. The goal is to understand and explain how Kizombo allows the opposition between the active and the passive; how reciprocal and reflexive are expressed in Kizombo by describing the participants in the event. In the grammatical theory, reciprocal and reflexive are discussed under the theory of bound anaphora, while Bantu languages studies claim that reflexivization was a process that reduces the structure of arguments and thus, deserves an independent treatment (Cf. Chomsky 1981, Nurse and Philippson 2006: 76; Mchombo 2004.:102 seq., Mchombo 2004:102 Apud Matsinde 1994) . What is the rationality of describing them together? Through description, we discuss the extensions one by one and the opposition between active and passive occurs by grammatical and semantic functions of participants. As for the reciprocal and reflexive, their extensions were distinctly well established. It was possible to see that these extensions reduces de valency.

This project has been conducted in New Zealand in 1999, as a requirement for feed production companies to control salmonella in feed by Ministry of Agriculture and Fisheries (MAF). Feed is the most important factor in poultry production enterprises because of its impact on cost and health. Many chicken producing companies realize that, reducing salmonella in poultry meat is one of the difficult tasks, because there are several factors affecting this process. Producing Salmonella negative birds is the aim of many countries, because of the government regulations, public health concern, and competition between companies. It is impossible to reduce or eliminate salmonella in bird’s guts if the litter is used more than one time, especially if the litter is salmonella positive. It takes the feed about two minutes to reach the 80 ºC. The feed could be recycled if didn’t reach the 82-83 ºC planned. Steam temperature was stable and around 130ºC. This temperature could be optimized to reduce energy cost without affecting the pelleting process through tracing the feed in temperature (ingredients) one can say, that some of the steam is entering to the feed in tube and raising the feed-in temperature. The incoming feed temperature is between 46-50 ºC.

The geometries of various rotamers, tautomers and isomers of N-(pyridine -2yl)acetamide have been studied using the density functional theory (DFT) method at the level of B3LYP employing 6-311++G(d,p) basis set. We report the enthalpies, Gibbs free energy, entropy, relative stability and tautomeric equilibrium constants for the title compound isomers at 298.15 K in gas phase. The most stable A4 is taken as reference to obtain the relative energetic stability of other rotamers. Calculated values for the equilibrium between these some tautomers show that pKT value is negative values. If the pKT was positive, equilibrium moved from right towards the lift and when it was negative, equilibrium moved from left towards the right.