Archives-March 2015

The aim of this paper is to introduce the stronger forms of nano gb-continuous functions namely, nano gb-irresolute function, strongly nano gb-continuous functions and perfectly nano gb-continuous functions and to establish the relationship between them. Also some of their properties of those functions are derived.

Automatic annotation is in fact the process of classifying medical using global and local features of standard image codes (IRMA) while being extracted. This includes four technical data axes of providing image (modality), direction, anatomy, and biological system. A number of recent researches have been conducted on the extraction of the scale invariant feature transform for automatic annotation, but until now no complete comparison has been conducted on the accuracy of the different classifications in resolution and annotation of the images based on the scale invariant feature transform. The results from the known and famous classifiers used on the four characteristics of anatomy, direction, biological system and modality are presented in this paper, which show that Sequential Minimal Optimization is the most efficient classification group as far as accuracy is concerned.

Electric discharge machine (EDM) is a modern machining process with various advantages, as a result of which, its use is becoming more and more widespread.Thispaperconcernswith the influence of EDM input parameters (type of electrodes, peak current, pulse-on time and powder mixing concentration) on the induced surface residual stresses. The silicon carbide powder is mixed with the kerosene dielectric in powder mixing EDM (PMEDM) process. The experimental work was designed by using the response surface methodology (RSM). The analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used and regression models were built to predict the surface residual stresses as a response of the process for AISI D2 die steel.Empirical equationswereobtained for predicting the performance of the process.Two type of electrodes were used, the copper and graphite electrodes.The results showed that the minimum tensile surface residual stresses obtained when using the copper electrodeswith pulse current (22 A) and pulse on duration (120 µs). It is concluded that the use of graphite electrodes and kerosene dielectric alone induced minimum residual stresses with pulse current (22 A) and pulse on duration (40 µs) and with(120 µs) when using the kerosene dielectric with SiC powder mixing. The copper electrodes with kerosene dielectric alone induced residual stresses about (5%) lower than when using kerosene dielectric with 5g/l SiC powder and about (14%) lower than with graphite electrodes and (8%) when using the kerosene dielectric alone and with SiC powder, respectively.

Recent research has shown that the role of food has gone beyond serving as fuel, providing energy needed to perform daily functions, and to maintain the normal metabolic process, but it now provides an opportunity to improve health, reduce the risk of chronic disease and reduce health care cost. Such foods are known as Functional Foods; they provide more than simple nutrition by supplying additional physiological benefits and promoting health to the consumer. In the past decades, the traditional process of isolating bioactive compounds from food is usually very long, tedious and slow , which takes years before tangible results are obtained. The advent of bioinformatics has helped researchers to improve on the purity, yield, time and cost of their search especially in the drug industry but unfortunately not in the food industry, due to lack of specific bioinformatics coded mining tools. A combination of experimental mining and an integrated computational bioinformatics database approach is herein illustrated for the mining of novel bioactive peptides from functional foods.

The purpose of this paper is to find the value function for financial problem whose dynamic is described by non-deterministic differential equation.

Stress is an adaptive response, mediated by individual characteristics and/or psychological processes that are a consequence of any external action, situation or event that places special physical and/or psychological demands upon a person. A total of 112 out of 132 rehabilitation counsellors completed occupational stress questionnaire and 13 administrators were interviewed in five counties. Descriptive statistics (mean, standard deviation and percentages) were used to analyse the data. Results of the study revealed that the causes of occupational stress were found to be workload, clients’, organisational and interpersonal demands. The study further revealed that demographic and work characteristics interacted with the causes of occupational stress. This study recommends that regular assessment of occupational stress for preventive measures be done among the respondents.

Spiritual Intelligence, a new thread is, content and research on small to be seen. Spiritual Intelligence, one of the most important factors affecting the empowerment of employees. Spiritual intelligence is the ability to use and develop spiritual values and qualities that can lead to physical and psychological well being of the person is. Since today's world, a world full of competition and the challenge is great, the organization's director of environmental turbulence, which improves the performance of its employees, to accept as a competitive strategy. It is associated with human spirituality, and it is a direct correlation between. People can use the spiritual intelligence activities and their lives, the way a deep and meaningful guidance. The use of religious patterns in everyday life can increase the consistency, and the empowerment of people. The purpose of this study is that, whether spiritual intelligence is able to empower, or not?

Pollution of ground water with heavy metals from industrial activities has caused a major threat to human life exposing man to series of diseases, crippling disability and death. This study was carried out to determine the concentration of heavy metals leaching into groundwater from the industrial activities and to assess their long term effect on life of the people and the resultant aquifer. The study was carried out at 10 different locations which are all located in Ikeja industrial areas. The water samples collected were subjected to physical, chemical, heavy metal and bacteriological analysis in order to determine their level of pollution. Samples were prepared according to the standard methods using atomic absorption spectrophotometry for heavy metals determination. The result of the analysis shows that heavy metals in water samples had an average pH mean value of 5.20 indicating the acidity of the water sampled, while the average electrical conductivity, temperature and total acidity of were 0.64µs/cm 29.70oC and 29.60 respectively. The average mean concentration of the chemical and heavy metals were 0.132 mg/l, 0.040 mg/l, 0.279 mg/l, 0.148 mg/l, 0.026 mg/l, 0.0055 mg/l, 0.00266 mg/l and 0.0097 mg/l for calcium, magnesium, sodium, potassium, iron, cadmium, lead, and chromium respectively. The parameters analysed were at varying concentrations in the groundwater with parameters such as nitrate, phosphate, and pH exceeding the World Health Organization (W.H.O) standard, it was observed that the sample collected from Neimeth pharmaceuticals exceeded the permissible level for iron and lead having the value of 0.0391mg/l and 0.0627mg/l, while most of the water samples analysed falls within the permissible limit in accordance with the WHO standards. Adequate care must be taken for further prevention and handling of chemical discharges from industries. The need for the treatment of the groundwater and control of human activities in the area to prevent further contamination must also be put be in place.

Some physical chemical characteristics and heavy metal levels in soil samples (Top and Sub) around dumpsites at Obantoko, Lafenwa, and Olomore vicinities of Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria, were analysed in order to assess the effects of the dumps on the soils. Conventional analytical methods were employed for the determination of these physicochemical parameters while heavy metals in the soil samples where analysed using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer. The results of the physicochemical analysis showed that the pH values in all the sites ranged from 8.21 to 8.61 indicating alkalinity of the soils. The Total Organic Carbon values ranged from 1.06 to 2.76 indicating presence of some organic matter and some microbiological activities in the soil samples. Conductivity values ranges from 875 to 1119?s/cm indicated significant presence of some soluble inorganic salts in soils studied. For all the physical chemical values recorded, the soil samples at Lafenwa had slightly higher values than those of Olomore, and Obantoko. The mean concentration level of the three locations for Pb for the top and subsoils in Obantoko, Lafenwa, and Olomore were 13.50 and 11.31, 7.64 and 12.44, 9.90 and 11.06 (mgkg-1) respectively and that of for top and subsoil for same locations were Cr 5.76 and 7.01, 7.64 and 12.44, and 4.65 and 6.86 (mgkg-1) while Pb were not detected at all locations except at Lafenwa L2 where 2.24 mgkg-1 was detected in the subsoil. The levels of the metals at the sub-soil were all higher than the top soil at all the locations, except for Obantoko were the value of Pb at the top soil was greater than the value at the subsoil. A consistent trend showing a decrease in the concentration of heavy metals at the topsoil was observed for soil samples. The results from the study show that leaching occurs at dumpsites from the top to the subsoil which could cause a degree of contamination to ground water and living organims. These soils may therefore constitute a major health risk to the local population, and therefore, need be stringent measures to curtail the adverse effect it may pose to human health and the environment.

The watershed resources management (WRM) model is a basin-scale model for continuous simulation. It is applicable in planning, forecasting and operational hydrology. Hydrological simulation requires calibration to match reality. In automatic calibration, optimization is carried out using selected model parameters. WRM model originally calibrated heuristically in FORTRAN for Curley’s and Mayne’s sub-watersheds Canada was converted to C# (C sharp) to allow flexibility in programming and to enable Graphic User Interface (GUI) creation, and autocalibrated for tropical watersheds. The WRM model was repackaged to run in normal and autocalibration mode. Two software programs, WRMGA and WRMGUI, were successfully developed, tested and applied. Genetic algorithm (GA) was employed as optimization technique. Four parameters (genomes) namely, the Manning roughness coefficient for land surface (MANN1), Manning roughness coefficient for stream surface (MANN2), Manning roughness coefficient for terrace surface (MANN3) and surface retention parameter (KRET) with high sensitivity were used to adjust the four input files (FOR001.DAT, FOR003.DAT, FOR005.DAT, optimized.dat and WRM.DAT.optimized.dat) for the autocalibration. Genomes were generated using a random number generator within specified ranges. The generated values were stored in a file, Optimized.dat, which the program calls up and uses to compute the best fit. For MANN1, MANN2, MANN3 and KRET, minimum values of 0.10, 0.01, 0.00 and 0.01 and maximum values of 0.18, 0.05, 0.05 and 0.05 respectively were set and used for optimization process. The optimization process with up to 1000 trials using these sets of minimum and maximum values gave optimized values of 0.1272, 0.0214, 0.0201 and 0.0102 for MANN1, MANN2, MANN3 and KRET respectively, with a best fitness test of 0.9998. Hydrograph plots of both the originally heuristically calibrated simulations for the watersheds and the autocalibration simulations for the same watershed were compared with measured hydrographs and statistically validated. WRM originally calibrated to the watersheds gave a regression coefficient (R) of 34.8% while the autocalibrated model gave 37% showing an improvement in the autocalibration scheme. The WRM model was successfully repackaged for autocalibration in this paper and could be employed by non-expert in hydrologic modelling.