Archives-March 2014

In this present study, analysis of surface river water quality in seven locations was carried out to determine the physical and chemical characteristics of water.The sampling sites were selected on the basis of their distance, such as Scholavandan (S1), Thiruvedakam (S2), Thenur (S3), Kochadai (S4), Arappalayam (S5), Goripalayam (S6) and Teppakulam ((S7). The pH value 7.0 is considered as best and ideal. The pH is range from 7.38 to 7.87 which was the permissible limit. Total dissolved solids and Electrical conductivity were found moderate in S1 to S6 site and S7 were recorded maximum. The total hardness and alkalinity also recorded maximum in S7 site than that remains. The Calcium, Mg, and Fe were recorded maximum in S7 site rest of others were permissible limit. Free NH3 was found maximum in S5 (1.2mg/L), S6 (1.5mg/L) and S7 (2.5mg/L) site. Nitrite was observed high in S3 (1.5mg/L). Phosphate was found objectable limit in S3 (1.2mg/L) and S7 (2.0mg/L). Finally, the result was concluding that the surface running water was contaminated at few sampling sites namely S5 (Arappalayam), S6 (Goripalayam) and S7 (Teppakkulam) due to the anthropogenic activity. But the sampling sites S1, S2, S3 and S4 are recommended for use to drinking and other purpose.

Bluetooth is a promising short range wireless personal area network technology and is on the verge of being ubiquitously deployed over a wide range of devices. The basic unit of a Bluetooth network is a centralized master-slave topology, namely a piconet, which can be easily extended into a multi-hop adhoc network called a scatternet. Scatternets increase Bluetooth’s usability multi-folds such that numerous applications may be built over them to unleash the potential of Bluetooth. When more than seven devices to be connected in a Bluetooth scatternet, bridge devices are used to connect two piconets into a scatternet. To deal with possible data transmissions between different piconets, the bridge device must switch to different masters frequently. This may cause traffic in network.Our work tries to explore a less popular but powerful applications of Bluetooth which can help extend the range of Bluetooth communication and provide a free infrastructure for communication and find the transaction delay in Bluetooth network. Our approach is to design a transaction system that can be used to emulate and test the path selection from plentiful paths available from source to the destination. At the same this it assist user to select the optimal path. Due to this innovative approach; in transaction system it cause less traffic and it resultant in to less delay. Our work also analyzes the end-to-end packet delays, cumulative delay for both intra- and inter-piconet traffic and energy consumption, in a Bluetooth scatternet. Finally, we conduct simulations by using eclipse and NS-2 to demonstrate the efficiency and effectiveness of the proposed transaction system.

There are seventy Oraon families have been studied for the present paper.. The study area is located West Bengal and Bangladesh Border site. The Sadder Para (Oraon) of the Village Dhuluni is unit of the present study. The segments or hamlet of the village is completely composed with homogenous population. Only Oraons are living in this area and still now practice their traditional way of life with affluence of modernization. They had been living since hundred years. The people of the -study area- said that they came from Bangladesh due the Indigo tax. Their ancestors were come for cutting the jungle. The opinions of the villagers that their ancestors were not able to pay the Indigo tax and the British emperors not agree to release hard taxation on them. So they had come and find new jobs by the moneylenders or Zaminders in this locality.

The Indian retailing industry is becoming intensely competitive as more and as more players are vying for the same set of customers. The new entrant in retailing in India signifies the beginning of retail revolution. India’s retail market is expected to grow tremendously in next few years. The window of opportunity is useful for executives who plan their market specific strategy. Wal-Mart heads Fortune magazine list of top 500 companies in the world. Retailing in India is gaining attention like never before. Organized retailing especially is creating euphoria amongst Indian consumers drawing them into malls and trade areas in huge numbers. Retailers are offering newer service dimensions to create unique shopping experiences for the customers. However, whether consumers are able to perceive newer service dimensions and getting affected for store patronage in new store formats or not, remains to be found out. Store image is a critical component in store choice and store loyalty. Perceptions about stores are driven substantially by tangible characteristics of stores, such as format or list size, distance of store from home, as well as intangible factors like the environment of the store. The fact that Indian retail environment is going through a change due to the introduction of new formats and opening up of retail industry, it becomes important to understand the customer attitude here. Attitude of the consumer are vary from person to person. In this research helps to find out to measure attitude of the customers towards organized retailing. By measuring the customer attitude, the CENTRAL MADURAI is chosen for sampling area. Structured questionnaire was framed and data was collected from 120 samples. By analyzing the data SPSS16.0 (statistical package for social sciences) were used. The statistical tools like chi-square, frequency analysis, Factor Analysis and One Way ANOVA for interpreting the data.

Zero crossing detection is the most common method for measuring the frequency or the period of a periodic signal. This paper presents a comparative study of various zero crossing detector techniques. The accuracy of measuring zero crossing for synchronizing power system control and instrumentation requires a diverse approach to minimize phase detection errors from signals corrupted with noise and extraneous signals. An approach to detect zero crossing with the use of opto coupler is detailed describe in the paper. The issues related to the previous approaches has been discussed along with their pros and cons.

All real systems that work with digitally represented data require error detecting codes because all real channels are noisy to some extent. The basic goal is to detect errors in data transmission over unreliable or noisy communication channels. Encoding and decoding techniques play a major role in digital communication as the received bit stream usually contains a number of errors. Cyclic Redundancy Codes (CRCs) provide a first line of defense against data corruption in many networks. The basic goal is to control errors in data transmission over unreliable or noisy communication channels. CRC code provides a simple, yet powerful, method for the detection of burst errors during digital data transmission and storage. In this paper simulation is shown and implementation of CRC-32 is done on TMS320VC5416.

This paper deals on flexural strength of RCC one way slabs using fly ash, silica fume and M-sand and steel fibre. One conventional reinforced concrete one way slab and Nine steel fibre reinforced concrete one way slabs with fly ash; silica fume and M sand are casted by changing the reinforcement ratio and thickness. The slabs are size of 1.2m x 0.4m. The slabs were tested under three point loading. The ultimate load carrying capacities of slabs are found out. The results shows that load carrying capacity of slabs are increased with increase of reinforcement percentage and thickness.

Ferrocement laminates are introduced to enhance the overall performance of pre-cracked high strength concrete beams. Eight beams of size 150mm width, 200mm depth and 1500mm overall length were cast and tested for flexure. Out of eight beams two beams were treated as control beams and the remaining beams are to damaged under overloading by applying 65% ultimate load for two beams and 75% ultimate load for another two beams and 85% ultimate load for remaining two beams and strengthened by fastening ferrocement laminates. Fastening of ferrocement laminates onto the tension surface of the pre-cracked beam was done by using epoxy resin adhesive. The strengthened beams were again tested for ultimate load carrying capacity by conducting flexural test. A comparative study was made between the control beams, the pre-cracked beams strengthened by ferrocement laminates. From the test results it could be seen that ferrocement can be used as an alternative strengthening material for the pre-cracked high strength concrete beams damaged due to overloading.

In this paper, existence and uniqueness of solutions to three-point boundary value problems associated with a system of first order rectangular matrix differential equation involving kronecker products by using variation of parameters formula are derived. These generalize the results obtained for three-point boundary value problems involving kronecker products.

Since the outset of its advent, international human rights law has been evolving. Today, human rights law regulations encompass a wide range of binding rules regarding different areas ranging from right to life to right to access to the employment. International human rights law include various human rights which can be categorized into three generations of rights, namely civil and political rights (first generation), social and economic and cultural rights (second generation) and collective rights (third generation). This paper examines the rights which are economic and social rights and are more specifically labor-related rights in international human rights law and the effect of this system on international labor law. These rights include rights of the workers to have decent working conditions, right to access to employment, right to have equal treatment at occupation, right to have equal pay for equal work. Much of the labor standards found in international labor law today, have human rights dimensions such as access to the employment, non-discrimination, decent working conditions in occupation, etc. Thus, much of human rights regulations relating to labor are now found in domestic and international labor law. This paper also examines the dimensions of the effect of human rights law on the development and evolution of labor standards.