Archives-June 2017

In criminal law, cybercrimes, are very broad scope, and includes a variety of theft, fraud, deception, harassment, intimidation, extortion viruses and cyber terrorism are. The Iranian criminal law, criminal called extortion does not exist, but in Article 669 of the Penal Code, adopted in 1996, the sanctions decreed that, whenever someone else, in any way threatening to kill or harm breath, or honor, or financial , or disclosure of the secret, to his or her relatives, to those determined by the demand of funds or property, or demand it, or omission done, or not, to flogging up to 74 lashes, or imprisonment of two months to two years he will be sentenced. Material element of the crime of extortion by putting the publication of private photos in a virtual environment, action is threatened. The threat that, in fact, a kind of spiritual abuse, and psychological pressure, the announcement and expressed my intention, and behavior that is illegitimate and illegal, did not intend to do it. In other words, threats, intimidation, and fear on the other side, by creating fear in order to obtain money, or is immoral gratification. Rea required for this crime, including general and specific intent is bad faith, malice general, the determination wisely and deliberately in committing the crime. In other words, the perpetrator knows and is aware that the leaking privacy, criminal act, and against the law, with knowledge, bad intentions, will commit this action. In this study, after the introduction of the concept of cyber crime, the different types of cyber crime, offer suitable solutions for the prevention of computer crime will be addressed.

Almost every high educational system or university offers variety type of co-curriculum activities such academic clubs, music and entertainment, recreation and sports. These activities offer opportunities for students to learn the values of individual and group responsibility teamwork, physical strength and endurance, a sense of culture and community competition. After all, every high educational system or university should be seen as a transformative experience which students can prepare themselves to succeed in varied roles they will undertake in future life. Co-curriculum was constructed by the student as a central focus. Co-curriculum may be referred to as a planned or organised guild base to execute or carryout teaching and learning process, it relate to the entire process of educational system, school and society. Co-curriculum activities provide a channel for reinforcing the lessons learned not only in the classroom, at the same time student have the ability to apply academic skills in a real-world context, and thus considered part of a well-rounded education.

This study applies multivariate statistical technique to understand the hydro-geochemistry characteristics of pollutants along River Kaduna. Fourteen key monitored parameters that accurately represent the water quality during the rainy season (May-August) were provided by the Kaduna State Water Board. Cluster analysis (CA) grouped the sampled parameters into three independent classes (turbidity (TUR), conductivity (COND) and twelve parameters). As such, correlation of COND and TUR is worked out with the rest of the analyzed parameters based on the result generated in the CA. The findings indicate an excess concentration of TUR and COND with no significant relationship with other observed parameters. This finding is an indication that water quality parameters poses hidden complex characteristics that can only be simplified and understood when subjected to multivariate statistics and effort should be put by stakeholders to checkmate the concentration of the dominant pollutants.

Extracurricular activity is a complementary of the requirement and interest in the student academic development. Extracurricular learning styles can be implemented in the form of informal where it can provide effective learning experiences to the students. In extracurricular development, every activity has its own goals and interests that can influence the students to participate in the particular activities. Nowadays, students are more likely to engage or spending their time with unbeneficial activities or isolate themselves in the virtual world. Several studies have been conducted and found that there are factors influence or prevent the students from participating in the extracurricular activities they intended to. These factors have been categorical into three main constraints; structural constraints, intrapersonal constraints, and interpersonal constraints. These main constraints referred to many factors that can influence student participation in extracurricular activities.

This paper investigated the hedonic analysis of consumers’ preference on the cowpea in the Ibadan metropolis. 100 cowpea sellers were selected by a purposive random sampling technique in five major markets in Ibadan.79% of the respondents were female while the rest 21% of them were male. 89% of the respondents sell a combination of varieties i.e. Peu/Drum, Sokoto, Mala, Olo and Oloyin for their nutritive value, popularity and availability which may be used for boiled whole grain cooking, fried cowpea balls (akara), and steamed cowpea cake (moin-moin). 75% of the respondents do not use any chemical to store cowpea grains.Also, analysis of Covariance model which was used capture price-quality relationship of the type of cowpea purchased by consumers revealed that there is a significant relationship between the number of holes in each of the cowpea varieties and their respective prices in the various markets sampled in the study area. Hence, the numbers of holes appear to be the major determining factors affecting the prices of various cowpea types in the study area.

The study investigated the profitability of catfish enterprises in Ede South Local government area of Osun State, Nigeria. A total of 59 small scale catfish farmers were purposively sampled in this study. Descriptive analysis was used to analyse the socio-economic characteristics, while budgetary analysis was used to determine the profitability, and multiple regression analysis was the inferential statistic used. The result of the survey revealed that 54.24 percent of the fish farmers were male. About 81.3 percent of the fish farmers were married. 59.81% of the farmers fall between the ages of 31-40years. About 62.71 percent of the farmers had tertiary educational qualifications.Most of the fish farmer (39.1%) produced between 5,400 -10,500kg. The mean production of fish farmer was 5,750.85kg.The total variable cost was ?24,623,997. The revenue was ?252,000,000 per annum. The gross margin was ?227,376,003 per annum and the net farm income was ?189,589,795 per annum. The analysis of the benefit cost ratio (BCR) and the rate of returns revealed that catfish enterprise is profitable in the study area. The factors that significantly affect fish output in the study area include: quantity of feed, quantity of labour, quantity of fingerlings, total pond size.

This paper investigated yield determinants among catfish farmers in Epe Local Government Area of Lagos State. A total of 65 catfish farmers were purposively selected for the study. The analytical technique employed include: Descriptive Analysis, Budgetary Analysis and Multiple Regression Analysis. Descriptive analysis was used to analyse the socio-economic characteristics;Budgetary Analysis was used to determine the profitability of the enterprise; and Multiple Regression Analysis was used to analyse the determinants of catfish yield in the study area. The various profitability ratios such as Expense Structure Ratio (0.76), Benefit Cost Ratio (3.13), Gross Revenue Ratio (0.45)and Rate of Return (0.96)indicated that catfish farming enterprise is profitable in the study area. The factors that significantly affect catfish output in the study area are: quantity of feed, quantity of labour, quantity of fingerlings and total pond size. Quantity of labour, quantity of fingerlings and total pond size had positive relationship with output of fish, while quantity of feed had an inverse relationship with yield output of catfish.

Shareholders are normally owners of the corporation’s assets and the fact that such assets are controlled by the management body is the cause for many of the problems dealt by corporate governance. Shareholders meeting as management organ can play sizeable roles in corporate governance. The problem addressed by this article is therefore what necessary measures can further strengthen the shareholders controlling mechanisms on the corporation upon which they invested their capital. Even though there are many theories concerning their roles in corporate democracy, none of them seem to win the battle. The query of the paper is how to enhance role of shareholders in corporate governance. The paper mainly uses doctrinal research method. Therefore the rules governing shareholders meetings should be well designed in a way of enabling them play their part. It may include access of electronic voting, possibility of voting by mail, facilitating sufficient information disclosure mechanisms, adopting advisory voting and the rules necessary to such vote, facilitating easy exit mechanism to shareholders dissatisfied by majority holders, introduction of stock exchange market could enhance shareholders governance role. Moreover possibility of derivative suits by shareholders is also another mechanism that should be available to them to promote control.

The purpose of this study was to relate the effect of intelligent development and personality development in communication oral skill. This article is based on the author’s reflections and interpretations on extended literature reviews. The author had a particular interest in relating both intelligent development and personality development through student’s co-curricular activity of debate. The debate orator’s cultures gives positive impacts on the development areas focused by the author.

The study conducted on the effect of career development on job performance in University libraries reveals that there are no clear processes for career development in various institutions of higher learning and where it exist, it’s often focused only on key faculties. The study was conducted in six academic libraries in Nigeria. Questionnaire was the instrument used to gather data from professional librarians who were the respondents. Statistics for Social Sciences Package (SPSS) was used to analyze the data obtained from the 94 professional librarians examined. Findings from the study reveals that paying attention to career development of individuals will be vital not only for skills development but also to help establish an enhanced performance at work by giving librarians a clearer sense of direction and purpose. The study thus concluded that the core reason for giving essential consideration to career development issues is to create an enduring job performance and effective service delivery in institutional libraries.