Archives-June 2013

Nanotechnology is rapidly growing science of producing and utilizing nano-sized particles that measure in nanometers. Now-a-day we are using nanoproducts in various field. Of these silver nanoparticles are playing a major role in the field of nanotechnology and nanomedicine. But it has toxic effect in biological systems, because of active oxygen production. They can also easily pass the cell membranes, blood-brain barrier as well as blood- testis barrier. In this study we try to investigate the effect of silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) on the sperms quality in rats. In this study 75 male rats (body weight 150±20 gram, 4week year old) were used which were divided into 5 groups (1 control group and 4 experimental groups), with 15 rats in each group. Different dosages of Ag NPs (25, 50, 100, 200 mg/kg) were administered to the experimental rats in a period of spermatogenesis (35 days). After this time interval they were killed by spinal cord severing method, their epididymides were separated and in order to analyze the mobility of the sperms, a homogenous solution was prepared in the ham's medium. Moreover in order to study the morphology of sperms we used the Giemsa stained samples. Finally statistical data was analyzed by T-Test and SPSS software. Results showed by (p<0/05) administration of silver nanoparticle has a significant effect on the reduction of sperm mobility and its natural morphology (p<0/05). The results showed that Ag NPs decreased sperm mobility and worse natural morphology, so can affect fertility potential of lab animals.

Karandamalai is one of the floristically rich hill ranges in Eastern Ghats harbors many rare, endemic and endangered plants. During 2006-2007, the present author has made extensive botanical explorations in this hill range which resulted in the collection of several interesting plants. A total of 23 species belonging to 21 genera under 14 families were discussed in the present communication. This includes one new species Tylophora thiyagarajariae R. Kottaimuthu and four new records for Eastern Ghats. A new name Caralluma ravikumariae R. Kottaimuthu, is proposed for Caralluma adscendens var. gracilis.

Cloud computing is a web based computing where shared resources, applications and information are provided to the set of computers and other devices on demand using web technology. Cloud computing is based on internet; generally the internet is commonly visualized as a cloud. This chapter defines cloud computing basics and shows how it is different from other types of computing. This paper overviews the basic concept of cloud computing and the use of cloud computing in libraries and how cloud computing actually works is illustrated in this communication. This paper attempts to demystify the intricacies involved in cloud computing. Benefits of cloud computing and its effective implementation for higher education is emphasized. This paper has been attempted to explore how cloud computing can extend Library services for better sustainability. Finally, the paper concludes with a set of useful links about cloud libraries and additional links for future work.

This study examines Relationship between Emotional Intelligence and Achievement Motivation among Adolescents. Sample of the study consists of 100 adolescents (50 males and 50 females) who were taken from colleges of district Multan and Lodhran. The age range of the sample was between 15 to 18 years. Two different scales were used to measure the level of emotional intelligence and achievement motivation. “Achievement Motivation scale” by Henry Murray (1983) described the need for achievement as desire “to accomplish something difficult; to master, manipulate or organize, to overcome obstacle and attain a high standard; to excel one’s self”. “Emotional Quotient Test” which is valid and reliable scale consisting of 12 items (Saima Cheema, 2005). Results indicated that emotional intelligence influenced the development of achievement motivation in positive manner and female adolescents had higher level of emotional intelligence as compared to male adolescents.

The current study aimed at investigating the effect of storytelling on the development of Iranian EFL learners’ reading comprehension. Accordingly, sixty out of one hundred and thirty EFL learners based on their scores in the proficiency test were selected as the subject of this study and randomly classified into experimental and control group. Each group in each level consisted of thirty learners. All the conditions especially teaching materials were kept equal and fixed at each level, except for the EG the subjects reading was thought through story telling. At the end of the experiment both groups, experimental and control, were given a reading comprehension posttest. The post scores of both groups in were compared using a t-test to discover if there was any significant difference in reading comprehension between two groups. The results of the study showed that due to story telling a significant difference was found in reading comprehension development between the experimental and control groups at the level of .05.

Vital role of exporting to the world and countless benefits of export for firms and countries cause the increasing attention to the determinants of firm export performance. However, despite numerous published works on determinants of firm export performance, the literatures are characterized by the inaccuracy in measurement of export performance determinants that led to inconsistent and opposing findings. The future research should attention the previous problems in evaluating determinants of firm export performance to facilitate theory development. This paper evaluates many studies concerning measurement of export performance determinants. This study organized into two sections: first, recognition the determinants of export performance that led to confuse and conflicting findings. Second, methods to evaluate export performance determinants are analyzed. In the end, the finding is discussed and direction for future research is mentioned.

India is acknowledged as the biggest retail market in the world next to China. The sector is the largest source of employment after agriculture. Nearly 40 million people employed in retail sector which accounts for 8% of the total employment and 4% of the entire population. According to the A.T. Kearney Global Retail Development Index (2011), Indian retail sector accounts for 22 percent of the country’s GDP. Total retail market in India which stood at Rs. 20,00,000 Crores in 2009-10 which increased to Rs.23,50,000 crores in 2010-11 which is estimated to attain Rs.28,65,000 Crores by 2012-13. An ASSOCHAM report states that India's overall retail sector is expected to rise to Rs.41,65,000 by 2013 and to Rs.USD 1.3 trillion by 2018, at a compounded annual growth rate of 10% driven by the emergence of shopping centers and malls. India’s organized retail market was estimated to be Rs.96500 Crores in 2008 accounts for around 5 percent of the total retail market, which increased to Rs.1,50,000 crores in 2011 accounting for 6-7 per cent of total retail. Organized Retail has been growing at an impressive rate of 35 to 40 percent per year compared to 9 to10 percent growth in the overall retail industry. The business in the organized retail sector of India is expected to reach the level of $100 billion by the year 2015. In India 98 percent of business is being run by the unorganized retailers. Recently, the government of India has permitted a FDI in multi-brand retailing which has triggered a debate on whether India should allow entry of foreign retailers or not. In the light of this development, a study has been conducted to find out the challenges and opportunities of allowing FDI in multi-brand retailing. It is observed that multi-brand retailing will have positive as well negative impact on Indian economy, Indian retail sector, customers, farmers and society. It is also found that there are several challenges before foreign players which are needed to be addressed by them before entering into India.

This study assessed the involvement of rural children in farming activities in Odeda local government area of Ogun state. Interview schedules were used to obtain information from 80 children from the study area. The study revealed that the mean age of the respondents is 14 years with more than half (55%) between 13 and 15 years. Majority (92.5%) of the children are schooling. Also, about three out of every four children (76.25%) are involved in about 13 farming activities. Boys are more involved at a higher level in farming activities than girls. Chi-square analyses revealed that there is significant difference at p<0.05 in male/female involvement in land clearing (?² = 13.265), ridging (?² = 19.163), planting (?² = 23.474), fertilizer application (?² = 9.172), staking (?² = 10.889), harvesting (?² = 26.000), transporting (?² = 11.607) and marketing (?² = 9.053). It can further be deduced from the study that farming in the study area by the children cannot be regarded as child labour as most of their involvement is done on weekends. The study concluded that children should be involved in farming at a low to medium level depending on age as this serves as means through which a child can acquire basic survival skills that will be needed for the child’s personal development and, in the long run, resulting in sustainable national development.

The theoretical solution of flow past a parabolic starting motion of the infinite vertical plate with isothermal vertical plate and variable mass diffusion has been studied. The temperature of the plate is raised uniformly and species concentration level near the plate is made to rise linearly with time. The dimensionless governing equations are solved by using the Laplace-transform technique. The effect of velocity profiles are studied for different physical parameters like thermal Grashof number, mass Grashof number, Schmidt number, and time. It is observed that the velocity increases as the value of the thermal Grashof number or mass Grashof number increase. The trend is just reversed with respect to the Schmidt number.

Main motive of this paper describes to detect and watch any specific location precisely, which are arranged for highly secured components such as platinum, topaz and residential location etc. The main advantage of this paper is to intimate the image signals to our cell phone using SMS facilities, while showing the images/messages in the cell phone, sound indicator invokes in the cell phone. Through this new research tool, the computer will identify the secured location by using this Web Camera or security camera, with some image analysis software so that when a certain condition is triggered by the camera, this intelligent camera immediately activates and captures the images, analyzes it, and sends signals to the cell phone as SMS message to a particular number with a code in the message. The autonomous events that might trigger the taking of a photo (or still image from a video camera) could be appearance of a certain face available in a database of recognized faces.