Archives-July 2015

Learning and teaching a second language is always considered a big issue and has been a great problem for the learners and teachers in rural areas schools. Present study aims to explore some strategies for learning a second language like English which has a second language status in Pakistan. It tries to suggest some strategies which are useful and helpful in learning a second language. Moreover, all the essential information and material for this study about learning a second language strategies was obtained through rural elementary school level students enrolled in an English language class. The task and lists of words which were applied on in students are presented in the form of tables as well as the results are also shown in the form of table. This study is designed to know the role and the effect of the use of different strategies on learners in the learning and acquisition of second language.

The objective of this randomized controlled study was to determine the effects of Jacobson’s progressive muscle relaxation on blood glucose, QOL, Stress, and HbA1c (A1C) and cholesterol in patients with Diabetes mellitus II ( TDM2). Patients with diabetes mellitus II were randomized to either groups. Session of JPMR and sessions of routine management. All sessions were individual. Ttotal of 20 participants were entered, and 19 completed the 3-month protocol. A blood glucose, A1C, Cholesterol were assessed, and WHOQOL and HADS for depression and anxiety were administered pre-randomization and after completion of intervention for both groups. Statistical analysis was done for comparison of both groups. After applying “ t ” test pre relaxation and post relaxation data shows highly significance difference between mean and standard deviation values of all parameters in group A i.e. (p <0.01) This pilot study supports the use of Jacobson’s progressive muscle relaxation in patients with Diabetes mellitus II ( TDM2) Further research is necessary to determine the long-term effects of JPMR Jacobson’s Progressive muscle relaxation can be included in routine management in Diabetes mellitus II.

Today, significant development has been occurred in the field of Electronics and Telecommunications. One of these developments is sensor that can monitor the operational environment. These sensors can monitor a short board of the environment but in the operational environment, they can report results to sink by sending data, hand to hand. Clustering is and efficient method in this field. There are several algorithms for clustering and each of them investigates different measures of the network. in this paper, a clustering method is proposed by using genetic algorithm and its efficiency is compared with LEACH, LEACH-M algorithms. The simulation results indicate that the proposed algorithm is this paper lead to increase the network lifetime and improve the network coverage in comparing with these two algorithms.

The present study investigates the problem of counterfeiting from consumer’s perspective. Fashion products and accessories like garments and shoes are the products that are mostly counterfeited. The present study profiles the consumers of counterfeit garments and shoes with respect to their demographic determinants such as age, education, income and occupation. Face to face interviews by using mall-intercept method were conducted on 200 consumers in Delhi, India. The findings revealed that students and private sector employees with low disposable income have a positive perception towards counterfeit garments.

Mean temperature and precipitation are sensitive indicators of climate change. The present study examines the effect of climate change on temperature and precipitation regimes of Jhelum river basin using the predictor data of the global climate models (GCMs) and the local historical weather data. Multiple linear regression technique was used to carry out the downscaling of the GCM predictors. At the end of the 21st century the mean annual temperature of the Jhelum river basin is predicted to increase by 2.37°C, whereas the average annual precipitation is predicted to decrease substantially by 38.56%.

In this paper, we propose conventional and alternative ratio-product type estimators for population mean using two auxiliary variables in the presence of non-response. The purposed estimators have been found to be more efficient than the relevant estimators for the fixed values of first-phase sample of size n' and sub-sample of size n(<n') taken from the first-phase sample size n' under the specified condition. The purposed estimators are more efficient than the corresponding estimators for population mean (Y ?) of a study variable y in the case of fixed cost and have less cost in comparison to the cost incurred by the corresponding relevant estimators for a specified variance. The conditions under which the purposed estimators are more efficient then the relevant estimator have been obtained. An empirical as well as a Monte-Carlo simulation study have been done to demonstrate the efficiencies for the purposed estimators over other relevant estimators.

The present study was designed to explore the use of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) among public and private sector universities in teaching and learning process. This study was descriptive in nature, problem explored was to investigate use of ICT in teaching and learning process, it future aimed to investigate the role of faculty members in the effective application of ICT in classroom situation. The objectives of the research included to study the usage of information and communication technology (ICT) among faculty in public and private universities and to measure the awareness of private and public sector faculty about use of ICT in teaching learning process and to explore the role of demographic variation in determining faculty use of ICT in teaching learning process. The population of this study was faculty members of public and private sector universities in Rawalpindi/Islamabad. A stratified random sample comprised of 52 male and 48 female university faculty members were collected from three public and three private universities of Rawalpindi and Islamabad. The research tool ICT questionnaire was used to collect data. ICT questionnaire consists of 30 items which were filled out by public and private universities faculty members. After the data collection, data was analyzed with the help of SPSS 18 by using various statistical techniques like Mean, Standard Deviation, Correlation and ANOVA. Research findings reveal that there is significant difference in the awareness of public and private sector faculty about the use of Information and Communication Technology. Results portrays gender differences in prospective faculty perceptions where male university faculty members experience more use of ICT than female university faculty, younger university faculty members were higher user of ICT than older one, Professors use of ICT more frequently than Assistant professors and Lectures, the use of ICT is higher among M Phil qualified university faculty as compared to other qualification levels. Study elaborates that experienced university faculty are higher user of ICT than less experienced university faculty. Study found out that advance computer user among university faculty members experience higher use of ICT than basic and intermediate user. The study was beneficial to comprehend the use of ICT in teaching and learning environment. It was also useful because it present guidance for increase the use of technology integration in education. It was also helpful to investigate the ICT usage, may give guidance to educator, teachers, education planner and curriculum developer to integrate ICT in formal curriculum for advancement of knowledge and utilization of modern tools and services. It also provided recommendation on increasing the ICT usage in universities.

The state of Jammu and Kashmir has been a tourist paradise from times because of its pleasant climate, typical flora and fauna and the beauty of its natural landscape. Gulmarg – a majestic hill station in the district Baramulla of Jammu and Kashmir nestled with stunning peaks in the Himalayan ranges offers tremendous opportunities for research. Keeping in view the importance and usefulness of Gulmarg Wildlife Sanctuary, it was thought necessary to conduct preliminary studies on the spider community of the Gulmarg wildlife sanctuary in order to assess the diversity and distribution of spiders at four sites during the months of May, June, July, October & December 2012. The spider community was found to be represented by 18 taxa. Araneidae was dominant family followed by Lycosidae, Linyphiidae, Pholcidae, Salticidae, Sparassidae and Clubionidae. Differences in vegetation cover or human use showed variation in diversity and composition of spiders between different sites. Forest sites showed relatively higher diversity as compared to meadow sites.

Dynamic Terrain Generator creates terrain and character elements interact with the terrain dynamically during the start and duration of the game .Dynamic terrain tool allow player to navigate unlimitedly through all four directions with newly generating terrain fields as progress forward without consuming system resources too much. It gives the illusion of a real world that gives user the feeling to move anywhere he want while playing the game. It is suited for war games, hunting games and modified version can also use for racing games.

The study aimed to explore the relationship of emotional intelligence on the job satisfaction among university teachers. This research was descriptive in nature .The research objectives included to study the relationship between emotional intelligence and job satisfaction among university teachers and to explore the role of demographic variation such as age, gender, experience, qualification of the university teachers in determining their level of emotional intelligence and their perception about job satisfaction. The population of this study was university teachers of public and private sector universities in Islamabad. A stratified random sample comprised of 50 male and 50 female university teachers were collected from two public and two private universities of Islamabad. Two questionnaires were used for data collection in which one for measuring Job satisfaction while other for measuring emotional intelligence (self-awareness, social skills, self-regulation, motivation, social awareness) of prospective teachers. Data was analyzed with the help of SPSS 16. The major finding of the study concludes that is positive significant correlation between Emotional intelligence and Job satisfaction among public and private sector universities(r=0.78). Result showed that female university teachers are more emotional intelligent than male university teachers whereas male university teachers perceive greater job satisfaction. However, Older university teachers are more emotionally intelligent and perceives greater job satisfaction .Result concluded that lecturers are more emotional intelligent while Professor perceives higher job satisfaction. Result portrays that PHD qualified university teachers shows more emotional intelligence while PhD qualified teachers perceives greater job satisfaction. Findings conclude that less experienced university teachers are more emotional intelligent whereas experienced university teachers perceives greater job satisfaction. It further discloses that a private sector university teachers experiences higher emotional intelligence whereas public sector university teacher recognizes higher job satisfaction The study was beneficial to teachers, researchers, curriculum developer, trainers, psychologists and education planners. Job satisfaction among teachers can be enhanced by training, needs satisfaction, providing facilities and improving their emotional intelligence.