Archives-July 2014

Several substituted N-Phenyl maleimide were prepared and their mass spectra in EI mode were recorded. The effects of substituents on the mass spectral fragmentation of compounds under investigation are interpreted by correlating log Z/Z0 with simple and extended Hammett equations. The log Z/Z0 values in all the cases were subjected to multiple linear regression analysis using two sets of biparametric equations (Taft and Swain equations). The results of the multiple linear regression analysis are found to be good in the cases.

This experiment was conducted in a controlled environment, to evaluate the effects of Pre-treatment salts different on the characteristics of seeds cannabis (Cannabis sativa) implemented. Experiment was carried out as completely randomized design with 4 replications. Pre-treatment included: potassium nitrate (1%), potassium phosphate (1%), sodium chloride (1%) and distilled water which was the control experiment. Seeds were submerged for 72 hours with aeration in treatments then seeds dried and number of 50 seeds was on filter paper 30 x 30 towel method. The results indicated in the pre-treatments, most positive effect on the germination coefficient of cannabis plant was potassium phosphate, in other words, the seeds in less time, had the highest percentage of germination. Potassium phosphate and sodium chloride treatments in cannabis have a positive effect on root length and shoot length. The coefficient correlation plant cannabis showed that the number of normal seedling with root length (r=0/683**) and shoot length (r=0/643**) was significant positive correlation, and significant negative correlation with the number of abnormal seedlings, and not significant correlation have with other traits. According to results, the pre-treatment for 72 h with potassium phosphate 1% Seeds Cannabis recommended.

In this paper, we explore different notions of sets namely ?-open , semi-open , pre-open , b-open and ?-open to define the concept of delta-convergence and delta-adherence of grills in a topological space. Further, we discuss their characterizations

Preformulation can be defined as an investigation of physical and chemical properties of a drug substance alone and when combined with excipients. The overall objective of preformulation testing is to generate information useful to the formulator in developing stable and bioavailable dosage forms which can be mass-produced. Detailed understanding of the properties of the drug substance is essential to minimize formulation problems in later stages of drug development, reduce drug development costs, and decrease the product’s time to market (i.e., from drug substance to drug product )

Multiplier is a basic arithmetic cell in computer arithmetic units. The energy consumption in computation turns out to be deeply linked to the reversibility of the computation. The primary objective of this paper was to gain insight into the Reversible Computation and its use for making circuits energy efficient for long life. In the recent years, reversible logic has emerged as a promising technology having its applications in low power CMOS, quantum computing, nanotechnology, and optical computing. In the proposed work, we synthesized a parity preserving reversible multiplier circuit with the help of existing fault tolerant Toffoli gate and SCG gate. Here partial products are generated using Toffoli gate and final sum is carry out using SCG gate. The proposed design is best compared to existing in terms of garbage output, constant input, power consumption.

Nanostructured surfaces are surfaces bearing nano-sized features that have characteristic lengths ranging on a scale of a few to a few hundreds of nanometres. Nanostructuration of surfaces is considered as a promising track in many micro-thermo-fluidic applications, as it is expected to allow noticeable heat transfer enhancement or hydraulic resistance reductionis due to momentum transfer to the solid walls. This paper reviews and summaries the recent experimental and theoretical works on the pool boiling with nanostructure surfaces

Wireless sensor networks are those that are used for the communication between various sensor nodes to the base station. Heterogeneity in such networks are used to manage the network deployment cost and the network traffic. A hierarchical cost effective LEACH (HCEL) protocol is proposed to enhance energy efficiency of the sensor nodes thereby maximizing the network performance without increasing the network deployment cost.In this paper, a heterogeneous network that comprise three types of sensor nodes are considered. A hierarchical network structure is formed where the data are forwarded by using “aggregators”. The clustering is done inorder to maximize the energy eficiency of the sensor nodes. The cost comparision is done between various protocols like seperateLEACH(SL), proposedLEACH(PL), seperateproposed(SP) and HCEL. The energy efficiency is derived by initiating the activity window interference. Simulation results show that the HCEL protocol derive a gradual decrease in the network deployment cost ratio in terms of powerful nodes and energy factor.

The growing population puts municipalities under pressure in managing waste The challenging task is to protect the environment and natural resources through waste management programs. If the sources are dumped in the landfill without sending it for treatment, the life span of dumping yard will not sustain. Hence a careful planning is required in carrying out these activities to accomplish this in a optimal way.

Overheating is the major problem ofhermetic compressor due to extra amount of heat added from the motor windings to the shell. It reduces the mass flow rate of the system which results in reduced compressor volumetric efficiency and extremely high discharge temperature. The refrigerant injection is a technique to improve the system performance. This paper reviews the major research on refrigerant injection techniques in detail. The refrigerant injection technique divided into two categories, first is vapor injection and another is liquid injection. Flash tank and internal heat exchanger are two cycles for refrigerant injection. These two cycles are discussed in detail.

Area Aided steering convention utilizes area data to diminish directing overhead of the specially appointed system regularly the LAR convention utilizes the GPS (Global Positioning System) to get these area information's. With the accessibility of GPS, the versatile hosts knows there physical area. In a versatile impromptu system comprises of remote has that may move frequently. Development of hosts brings about a change in courses, obliging some instrument for deciding new courses. A few steering conventions have as of recently been proposed for specially appointed systems. This paper proposes a methodology to use area data (case in point, acquired utilizing the worldwide situating framework) to enhance execution of directing conventions for impromptu systems. By utilizing area data, the proposed Location-Aided Routing (LAR) conventions confine the quest for another course to a more diminutive "appeal zone" of the impromptu system. This effects in a noteworthy lessening in the amount of steering messages. We exhibit two calculations to focus the solicitation zone, and likewise propose potential improvement to our calculations. One more test in outline of these systems is their powerlessness to security strike. We utilized a portion of the best cryptographic plans, for example, edge cryptography, to fabricate a very secure and profoundly accessible key administration, which structures the center of our security structure.