Archives-January 2015

Minimum weight spanning tree is a well known graph optimization problem, which has a wide range of applications in telecommunications and routing problems. The problem considered in this paper is to find the second minimum weight spanning tree for a given network. A new algorithm is proposed and its computational complexity is discussed with numerical illustrations.

Effect of different heavy metals on Vibrio harveyi, V. fischeri, Photobacterium phosphoreum and P. leiognathi were examined. Checkerboard assay used for the detection of the natural metal tolerance levels of a large number of marine luminous eubacteria. In this purpose, we surveyed 57 strains of luminous bacteria for their natural patterns of heavy metal tolerance. The behaviors of these strains were not homogeneous with respect to all metals tested, even within the strains belonging to the same genus. At least 1 to 4 different MICs were detected for every metal except barium and cobalt. Isolated bacteria were tested for the presence of plasmids using the modified alkaline lysis method was effective for identification of plasmids of different sizes. This study revealed that the frequency of the occurrence of plasmids in heavy metal resistance bacteria and suggested that plasmids are highly ubiquitous and predominant in most heavy metal resistant bacteria.

Originally developed as an antibiotic Minocycline has shown a variety of aspects that makes Minocycline a versatile molecule with diversified roles. Beside an antibiotic it has proven to be beneficial in different disorders and the potential of Minocycline to attenuate the severity of disease like stroke, cerebral ischemia, multiple sclerosis, spinal-cord injury, Parkinson’s disease, epeilepsy, traumatic brain injury, Huntington’s disease, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and Alzheimer’s disease makes it a centre of fascination in research circles. Despite progress in understanding the pathogenesis of several neurological disorders, our knowledge of the mechanisms leading to neuronal cell loss, glial dysfunction, and vascular remodeling is incomplete. In this review, we describe the evidences and various mechanisms which may be responsible for the efficacy of Minocycline in several neurological disorders and introduce the emerging investigation of minocycline in clinical neurology. The encouraging results of minocycline in experimental neurology make it a potential therapeutic target in human neurological diseas

In recent time, proniosomal and noisomal system have been received a great attention in drug delivery applications as well as in pharmaceutical research. In order to minimize the problems associated with niosome physical stability such as aggregation, fusion and leaking and to provide additional convenience in transportation, distribution, storage and dosing etc, a dry product can be prepared, which is called proniosome. Proniosomes are dry formulation using suitable carrier coated with nonionic surfactants and can be converted into niosomes immediately before use by hydration. These proniosome-derived niosomes are as good as or even better than conventional niosomes. The current review deals with the trends, different aspects and the future perspective in the development of proniosomal drug delivery systems.

The transesterification reaction is actually replacement of alcohol group from an ester by another alcohol. The reaction was carried out by varying different parameters, like amount of catalyst in reaction, ratio of methyl alcohol to oil, temperature and stirring on the reaction; to find the best conversion of oil to biodiesel. Alkali catalysed transesterification is considered to be the best amongst all methods available for the production of biodiesel from fresh oil. Our aim is to establish the parametric dependency of the reaction from the experiments.

Determination of subscriber satisfaction level during the period of getting access towards wireless network would support service providers to optimize their network. The subscriber satisfaction level with respect to successful call attempt was studied considering Slotted Aloha and Fixed Resource allocation (FCA) algorithm of GSM Network. The uniform allocation of aloha channel among all the subscribers was found when simulation was carried out for one hour. Slotted Aloha Algorithm performance found to be excellent when it was analyzed for a longer duration. In FCA, the percentage of total subscribers accessing the network in busy hour found to be very less and would result in high level of subscriber dissatisfaction. A novel method of resource allocation technique is proposed to improve the subscriber satisfaction while accessing the network in busy hour. An average improvement of 35 % was found in proposed method.

The paper attempts to determine impact of competition on marketing practices. Specifically the research paper attempts to find out whether institutions providing business management education today should be marketing oriented? How does marketing efforts of institutions providing business management education have undergone a change in terms of spending on Advertising , Spending on Public Relation activities, Spending on Faculty Development and Training, Brand building Activities over last 5 years. Finally the research paper makes an attempt towards finding out the level of marketing activities being practiced by the institute

The major aim of bringing forth this project is to design a system for Text Dependent Speech Recognition. The speech recognition system contains two main modules, namely “feature extraction” and “feature matching”. In this project, the MFCC (Mel-Frequency Ceptral Co-efficient) is used to simulate the feature extraction module. In MFCC algorithms the Ceptral co-efficients are calculated on the Mel frequency scale where the frequency bands are equally spaced on the Mel scale. For the reduction of amount of data in order to reduce the computation time the VQ (Vector Quantization) is used. VQ is the data compression method based on the principle of block coding. Because of the accuracy of the used algorithms the accuracy of this speech recognition system is high. Using these algorithms we achieve the text dependent speaker identification and speech recognition and thus providing improved efficiency

The main aim of this paper to solve the economic dispatch problem (EDP). The objective of the EDP of electric power generation, whose characteristics are complex and highly non-linear, is to schedule the committed generating unit outputs so as to meet the required load demand at minimum operating cost while satisfying system constraints. Hence, for economic operation of the system, the total demand must be suitably shared among the generating units with an objective to minimize the total generation cost for the system. Economic Dispatch is a procedure to determine the electrical power to be generated by the Committed generating units in a power system so that the total generation cost of the system is minimized, while satisfying the load demand simultaneously. An clone optimization technique for solving the economic dispatch problem in a power system is very useful and gives accurate result compare to other classical method. The proposed technique implemented Clonal Selection algorithm with cloning, mutation and selection approaches. For solving economic load dispatch problem this approach was tested. For generating unit at varies loading condition, the feasibility of proposed technique was demonstrated on a system. The Artificial Immune System optimization technique with Reproduction Crossover and mutation has provided the best result in terms of cost minimization and least execution time.

Breast cancer is the second leading cancer among the women in the world. India is the one of the country having the highest breast cancer patients. In breast cancer patients the glycolysis rate is very high when compare to normal glycolysis rate in normal women. The enzymes like pyruvate kinase, hexokinase, phosphpfructkinase levels are different concentrations among the breast cancer patients. The high rate of glycolysis observed in cancer at anaerobic conditions is known as Warburg effect. The Warburg effect is the enhanced conversion of glucose to lactate observed in tumor cells, even in the presence of normal levels of oxygen. The pyruvate kinase level in tumors are high optimum density values when compared to normal tissues values. The mean values of pyruvate kinse enzyme is 0.278 in tumor tissue and 0.200 in normal tissues. There is a significant effect of haemoglobin on pyruvatekinase values. There may be some significant effect of pyruvate kinase on haemoglobin and vice versa.