Archives-January 2013

Rising demands on engine performance, fuel consumption, emission, etc. leads to study thermal behavior of cooling system in engines precisely. To minimize the time of 3-D numerical simulation, single phase boiling approach was used. Sub-cooled boiling heat transfer consists of two components (i.e. forced convection and boiling). The convective component is evaluated from flow analyses and to evaluate boiling heat transfer, two popular models, Chen and BDL, are considered. To study sub-cooled boiling heat transfer in engine cooling passages, a rectangular, bottom-heated, horizontal duct is simulated here to assess the effects of different working conditions (i.e. pressure, velocity and coolant type) on heat transfer. Comparing the numerical results with the experimental ones reveals that Chen model is more precise than BDL in predicting boiling heat transfer in engine cooling system.

The number of females appointed to leadership positions is small compared to males. This phenomenon happens not only in developing countries but also in developed nations. Various barriers are mentioned and this includes limited educational opportunities for females. However, in Malaysia, the numbers of females in institutions of higher learning far exceed the number of males in the ratio of 70:30. This paper will explore the question related to the position of female students in students’ associations in one public university. Data are obtained through document analysis, focus group interviews and in-depth interviews with students involved in associations. The questions attempted to be answered include the number of female students involved in associations; the leadership positions held; factors that motivate and prevent them from participating; and the challenges faced by them. The analysis shows that there are many female students appointed as representatives in associations but the numbers holding the positions of President are disappointing. What are the factors contributing to this situation? Further, several recommendations will be discussed to assist students in improving their leadership skills.

Any process involving the process of increasing the efficiency of any mechanical part is a vital concept in the field of engineering and technology and equally vital in the field of energy and power systems too. This paper is based on a technique that could be used to improvise and increase the efficiency of the gas turbine aviation engines which was theoretically stated after conducting series of experiments and analysis through software. This technique could be called as REPOLARIZED MAGNETIC ROTATION technique which converts the magnetic power to mechanical power which could therefore be used to compress air in compressor, and thereby increase the efficiency of the gas turbine engines used in aviation. Various techniques adapted to design, analyze and fabricate the test engine were stated in this paper.

This paper examines the role of ICT in the development of the global labour market and its role in the free flow of labour across borders. It was discovered that ICT has not only contributed to the phenomenon of brain drain but it has also created avenues for repatriations of the gains accruable to the drain. Globalization and the internet has also made it possible for brains to be tapped at home without being drained from the local labour market through the processes of outsourcing and off-shoring of productive efforts by trans and multi-national organizations. Using scenario network mapping (SNM), the study tries to define possible alternative futures for this opportunity. It was discovered that training and equipping the local labour force with ICT and globally relevant skills can assist developing nations in deriving maximum benefit from the burgeoning global labour market.

Natural environmental conditions of Iran and its geographical location that falls in the arid belt in one hand, and overuse of non renewable resources in the other hand, cause series of problems and conditions that brings the country into a rapid deterioration. the two main factors of degrdation are natural factors and human factors. Of major natural factors, three factors are notable: climatic, geomorphologic and morphologic. In this study to evaluate the desertification condition regarding to local conditions of the study area, two processes of water and wind erosion were selected and assessment of desertification condition was conducted Based on these processes, wheightening indicators and MEDALUS model. The results showed that Qs and NQts all responsible for much of sentiment delivery and erosion and as a result, desertification severity of these two geological units considered as severe and very severe.

The effects of alkalinity/acidity, addition of copper and zinc, and seeding material on biogas generation using freshly voided cow dung as feedstock were investigated. Experimental set-up for seven digesters, labeled A to F, were carried out in the laboratory with varying measurements of slurry in the digesters, varying pH values for three digesters, some with seeding materials while others with addition of metals –copper and zinc separately. The study was carried out for an hydraulic retention time of 32 days during which volumes of gas generated from all digesters range from 1022cm3 to 1723cm3 with the highest gas produced from digester with the rice husk and banana peels. The results showed best yields with cow dung seeded with rice husk and banana peels, while addition of metals and an alkaline slurry solution of pH = 7 had an improving effect on biogas production.

In Networks-On-Chips, (NOC) global interconnection links and routers are the main sources of the power Consumption. In Application Specific NOC (ASNOC) power can be minimized by mapping the Processing Element (PE) on the custom topology rather than mapping on the standard topologies. In ASNOC, the design of the topology plays an important role in minimizing the power consumption. In this paper, we propose a custom topology generation algorithm using network partitioning, to reduce the power of the global interconnection links that connects the router to router. The proposed method is validated through a case study for benchmark video applications MPEG 4 decoder and PIP. The experimental case study shows 26.8% and 37.5% of power saving for the applications MPEG 4 decoder and PIP respectively compared to the existing algorithm. We also achieve 11.76% and 9 % of reduction in average number of hops for MPEG 4 decoder and PIP respectively.

The health and cosmetics industry in Malaysia is growing rapidly and is expected to grow steadily in the future. However, the usage of ostrich oil in this industry is still new. This paper aims to analyze the strategic issues and challenges faced by ostrich oil based manufacturing company in the health and cosmetic industry known as MS Worldwide Manufacturing (M) Sdn. Bhd. The qualitative study is done based on several unstructured interviews and also based on the published data obtained from relevant websites. Based on this primary and secondary data, the company is found to be facing problems with strategy and execution in the specific market place of Malaysia. This paper discusses the situation and tries to diagnose the problems areas, generate alternative solutions, predict outcomes and evaluate alternatives strategic planning and implementation to produce better results.

Mobile communication is currently one of the major services that are developing at a rapid pace.4G (also known as beyond 3G) is a term used to describe the next complete evolution in wireless communications. A 4G system will be able to provide a comprehensive Internet Protocol solution where voice, data and streamed multimedia services can be provided to users on an "anytime, anywhere" basis, and at higher data rates than previous generations. This implies that roaming between different networks must be automatic and transparent to the user. The international telecommunications regulatory and standardization bodies are working for commercial deployment of 4G networks roughly in the 2012–2015 time scale.

Discrimination between various group and ethnic groups has a great impact on health status of respective group. In Indian context dalits are most oppressed and neglected group and are being exploited by the so called upper caste and are denied by the state developmental activities. Even because of rapid urbanization and modernization has made discrimination in sophisticated especially in urban and cities. The health status doesn’t refer just to the physical status of an individual. It is over all well being of an individual. Health a “state of complete physical, mental, social and spiritual well being and not just the absence of disease and infirmity. This research has made an attempt to capture the data on service utilization among the most disadvantaged caste among the dalit.