Archives-February 2018

Corrosion is a natural process which converts a refined metal in to a more chemically stable from. It is the gradual destruction of material by chemical of electrochemical reaction with their environment. It can be prevented if the metal is coated with something which does not allow moisture and oxygen to react with it. It can be controlled by either sacrificial protection or by antirust solution. The naturally occurring plant product are ecofriendly, compatible, non polluting, less toxic, easily available, biodegradable so can widely be use without side effect. Tylophora indica has been selected for the study to it’s corrosion inhibition efficiency. It is easily available in any season. It is also called annatmul. It is endemic to southern and eastern part of india. Is it used for the treatment of jaundice, inflammation ,dermatitis and rheumatism. It contains septicine, isatylocrebrinsterol,wax,tylophorinicine.Corrosion inhibition efficiency of leaves of Tylophora indica was studied for aluminium in HCl solution. Maximum inhibition efficiency was found 70.50% in 0.5 N HCl an 0.7% inhibitor for concentration. Inhibition efficiency was studied in three different acid like- HCl,H2SO4 ,HNO3 in four different concentrations like [0.5N,1N,1.5N,2N] with different concentrations of inhibitors [0.1,0.3,0.5,0.7] Weight loss method and thermometric method were used. Inhibition efficiency was found to be increase in concentration of inhibitor and decrease with increase in acid strength

Traumatic diaphragmatic hernia are often undiagnosed, and can be discovered in case of complications such as obstruction.We reported a case of delayed presentation of post traumatic diaphragmatic rupture with herniation and strangulation of stomach, transverse colon, and the jejunum of a 52-year-old patient who had a fracture of acetabulum six month back following road traffic accident. The diagnosis was suspected based on the clinical features of obstruction and air- filled viscera in the left hemithorax. Diagnosis was confirmed by an abdominal and thoracic computerized tomography (CT) scan.Exploratory laparotomy revealed a diaphragmatic rupture with strangulation of the stomach, transverse colon and the jejunum. The treatment consisted of the reduction of the herniated organs and closure of the diaphragmatic defect.

The purpose of this study was to establish the extent to which CBOs in Kisumu County apply Ansoff's Product Market Growth Strategy. In this context the study examined the four Ansoff's growth Strategies namely: Market Penetration, Market Development, Product Development and Diversification Strategies. The study was descriptive in nature. The population of interest consisted of Community Based Organizations in Kisumu County which numbered 223 CBOs. Given the large number of CBOs, a sample size was targeted and random sampling conducted. Primary data was collected using a structured questionnaire administered to the respondents through drop and pick later method. Out of a targeted sample of 69 CBOs, 59 of them responded giving 85% response rate while data was analyzed using mean scores, standard deviation and t-tests. Findings showed that CBOs apply all the four growth strategies with market penetration being the most widely applied. The respondents stated relevance in services/products offering as the most influencing factor to their strategic choice while attracting donor funding remained the least. On views on how to improve on the capacities and growth of local CBOs, majority respondents expressed improved funding, improved community mobilization and improved method of service/products delivery as most applicable. Study findings present market penetration strategy as the most preferred through free added services. This is an indication of what heads of CBOs should pursue in order to achieve their organizational growth. Pursuit of Relevance in service offerings and competition are leading factors influencing choice of strategy. While the study served to fill a knowledge gap, it has well opened more areas like exploring levels of competition within CBOs by scholars. The fact that there is growth in CBOs should inform the Government and other nongovernmental organizations that CBOs have a role to play in achieving millennium goals. Thus, handling of CBOs operational limitations like lack secure and permanent facilities are crucial dimensions for their growth.

Some N-(substituted)-5,6-dimethylthieno[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-amine derivatives 3(a-e) and 3-(substitutedphenyl)-1-(4-(5,6-dimethyl thieno [2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-ylamino)phenyl)prop-2-en-1-one derivatives 5(a-e) were synthesized starting from 2-amino thiophene-3-carboxylic acid ester analogue. The structures of all synthesized compounds have been evaluated by physical methods (melting point as well as elemental analyses) and also were confirmed by IR, 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopies. All the newly synthesized compounds were tested for their in vitro antimicrobial activity against gram (+)ve and gram (-)ve bacteria and also on different strains of fungi. Some of the compounds showed better antibacterial as well as antifungal activities in comparison with the standard drugs.

The Uganda Vision 2040 is a blue print identifying the development paths and strategies to operationalise Uganda’s Vision statement which is to transform the Ugandan from a peasant to a modern and prosperous country within 30 years. The vision aims at transforming Uganda from a predominantly peasant and low-income country to a competitive upper middle-income country. This paper explored how higher education can contribute to the achieving of the Uganda vision 2040. The findings indicated that higher education influences development of improved technology, knowledge transfer, promotes national unity, promotes democracy, supports innovation and increase productivity which are all important if Uganda is to achieve the Vision 2040. Thus, this paper suggests that for higher education to contribute the achieving of Uganda Vision 2040, it is necessary for the government of Uganda to engage higher education in the process of implementing the vision 2040. The government of Uganda also needs to support the institutions of higher education such that they are able to develop the capacities they need to be able to help the country achieve its Vision 2040.

Architecture begins with the definition of the project and a wish. In the first step we aim to create an embryo for the generation of the work. Like any chaotic system, architecture must gather vital information from the environment in which it intends to grow through negative feedback in order to survive, and with adaptability and flexibility, start to grow like a small bud while remaining flexible. So, in order to prepare the conditions of creation, we need to properly know the context. In addition, architecture is the child of its ground and is responsible elevate the soul of the location and promote it. Flexibility against the environment can guarantee the uniqueness of the design because the environmental conditions are never the same, therefore the work based on it would be non-repetitive. A designer who attempts to create independent form with no regard to the climate, topography and cultural context cannot benefit from this advantage. Studying and analyzing the setting information of the project is the most important stage of designing which, in a perfect design process, equals the time of the execution of the work.

The outline of the determined boundary of the Iranian snowflake was formed in the previous chapter. Now, another quadrangle rotation around whose axis perfects the main context of the architecture is introduced: the fancy of the work. The mind of the architect is required to have an imagination based on the subject of the design in regards to the users to create the initial embryo in the scope of the first stage’s conditions to create the entire work. This is the most sensitive part of the designing and leads to the fundamental difference in the works of designers because as we mentioned, chaotic systems are extremely sensitive to initial conditions and any slight difference in initial conditions of the formation of the system can lead to fundamental transformations in the final product. This stage is the stage of patterning or creation of fancy. The term fancy is chosen to define the mental pattern founding the design because it simultaneously covers cogitation, concept, imagination and fantasy.

As explained in the chaos chapter, in strange attractor of chaotic systems, creation of information takes place in the diverging trajectories while destruction of information happens in converging trajectories. This quality provides the system with an optimization process. In fact, diverging trajectories provide a search space for examination of all the possibilities and probabilities while finding the optimum general solution to the matter at hand takes place in converging trajectories. In the process starting from the subject and ending with the architectural design, the mind constantly converges and diverges in order to create new information and destroy the redundant information. At the stage of idea-finding, as the parasite and often redundant information increase, our mental system’s trajectories diverged in order to acquire information and develop the search space. Now, we must consider the actual conditions of the act and the designing priorities and destroy the information by absorbing the redundancies and set aside the improper ideas and through elimination, narrow down our ideas in order to find the best answer so that our final mental pattern takes form out of shapelessness. As if until now, we have prepared the conditions of creating and vitalizing the entity and now we want to deal with its actual essence: what nature does this embryo is supposed to assume in order to be accepted and welcomed by its future audiences and maintainers? In the third stage, the alternatives start their journey to growth and evolution from vague and broad sketches and end when a real design emerges.

If you want to create an architectural system as beautiful as the natural system, you need to try to make it so it contains new information at any second like the flow of a river and never become linear and repetitive. It’s necessary that in this system, there always be the chance of news and this is not possible except with the synergy of information of all the factors affecting the system. Anything the architect, as the creator, does in the process of creating the work at every second is creating information. These information should be managed deliberately in line with the goals of the system and comply with all the qualities of chaotic systems. This principle is a general principle applicable before all other principles.

It’s as if the child we have conceived is now born to interact hereinafter with the world and the people in it. In the Chaos Chapter, we explained how natural systems learn. Since chaotic system are flexible and able to adapt to the super-systems and are also able to self-organize and optimize, they are capable of surviving and even promoting through the process of negative feedback and change in generative information by being placed in different conditions and dealing with turbulences. How to confront the conditions and decide is recorded in the memory of the system and would lead to next mutations and irreversibility of the system.