Archives-February 2016

Manmade disasters wrap an ample range of events produced largely due to negligence, accidents, or sometimes even by human design and its errors. These also include the threats of nuclear, biological and chemical disasters. This emphasized the regular check and modification in current scientific solutions and to promote the quest of ‘Go Green’. Water source can be used for pioneering scientific solutions at laboratory level and to resolve the scientific & environmental issue. It is in abundant source on earth and versatile in nature to behave as a communicator for various chemical/biological reactions. This solvent is best green solvent for various chemical and biological processes the utility ad its superiority over others have been investigated and evaluated.

Cyperus Articulates extract (CA), was investigated as a green corrosion inhibitor for C steel in 0.5 MH2SO4 solution using mass loss, electrochemical frequency modulation (EFM), potentiodynamic polarization, and (EIS)electrochemical impedance spectroscopy techniques. The temperature effect on corrosion behavior with addition of various concentrations was done in the temperature range of 25-45 ºC by weight loss. Polarization diagram given that the investigated extract is a cathodic behavior. The inhibition efficiency was found to rise with increase in the investigated extract concentration and lower with increase in solution temperature. Adsorption of inhibitor on metal surface found obeyed the adsorption isotherm Langmuir’s. The activation and adsorption parameters were measured and illustrated. The data from electrochemical and chemical methods are a good agreement.

The effect of Psidium guajava leaf as corrosion inhibitors in 10 % sulfamic acid solution was conducted using different techniques at temperatures 298 K.The effect of temperature was studied and activation and adsorption thermodynamic parameters were computed and discussed. The surface morphology was analyzed using scanning electron microscope (SEM). Potentiodynamic polarization studies showed that Psidium guajava leaf acts as mixed type inhibitor for corrosion of C-steel in 10% NH2SO3H solution. The addition of Psidium guajava leaf led to increase in the charge transfer resistance (Rct) and decrease in capacitance of the double layer (Cdl). The inhibition mechanism involve physisorption. The adsorption of this extract on C-steel surface obeys isotherm. All studied techniques gave similar results. Surface of C-steel was analyzed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) technique.

Fourier transform infrared and Fourier transform Raman spectra of 3, 5 dihydroxynaphthalene-2-carboxylicacid were recorded in the regions 4000–450 cm?1 and 3500–100 cm?1, respectively in the solid phase. The vibrational frequencies were calculated by density functional B3LYP methods with ccPVDZ and 6-31+G(d) basis sets, using Gaussian 09W program package. A detailed interpretation of the infrared and Raman spectra of 3, 5 dihydroxynaphthalene-2-carboxylicacid is reported. The thermodynamic functions of the title compound were also studied by the above methods and the basis set. The stability of the molecule arising from hyper conjugative interactions and accompanying charge delocalization has been analyzed using natural bond orbital (NBO) analysis. The HOMO and LUMO energy gap reflects the chemical activity of the molecule. The observed and calculated wave numbers are found to be in good agreement.

Polystyrene-anchored Cu(II), Zn(II), Cd(II), Ni(II), Mn(II), MoO₂(II), UO₂(II), Fe(III) and Zr(IV), complexes of unsymmetrical dibasic tetradentate ONNO donor Schiff base derived from the condensation of chloromethylated polystyrene, 3-formylsalicylic acid, ethylenediamine and 2-hydroxy-1-naphthaldehyde (PS–LH₂) have been synthesized. The polystyrene anchored complexes have the formulae: PS–LM (where M = Cu, Zn, Cd, Ni, MoO₂, UO₂), PS–LFeCl×DMF, PS–LMn×2DMF and PS–LZr(OH)₂×DMF. The polystyrene-anchored coordination compounds have been characterized by elemental analysis, IR, reflectance, ESR and magnetic susceptibility measurements. The per cent reaction conversion of polystyrene anchored Schiff base to polystyrene supported coordination compounds lies between 24.0–77.9. The coordinated dimethylformamide is completely lost on heating the complexes. The shifts of the n(C=N)(azomethine) and n(C–O)(phenolic) stretches have been monitored in order to find out the donor sites of the ligands. The Cu(II) complex is paramagnetic with square planar structure; the Ni(II) complex is diamagnetic with square planar structure; the Zn(II) and Cd(II) complexes are diamagnetic and have tetrahedral structure; the Mn(II) and Fe(III) complexes are paramagnetic and have octahedral structure; the MoO₂(II) and UO₂(II) complexes are diamagnetic and have octahedral structure and the Zr(IV) complex is diamagnetic and has pentagonal bipyramidal structure.

The paper reflects, machine designed and developed by authors that suit medium sized farmer and farm industrialist holding only few acres of land. It has been designed and developed by CMERI, Durgapur, India, in collaboration with NIF(National Innovation Foundation, Ahmedabad, India). A number of crops i.e., wheat, and pulse like soybean, gram have been successfully reaped(harvested), and, concurrently the m/c is ready to undergo reliability&feasibility trial/inspection/check, desired for an Agri Machinery. It will be indigenously get checked for Nation wide R&D standard. The system is designed by inculcating years of expertise in this stream. There is a keen observation by designer to simplify assembling/disassembly and maintenance/ operations/ of picker reel, cutter link & blade, roll & push type auger and simplest possible bevel PTO. This prototype is a foolproof machine, designed with consideration of global knowhow of scientific mechanisms of this stream. The basic research work has been done thoroughly by selecting adequate technology and scientific calculations in all the assemblies and critical parts e.g. pivots, mounting bearing are analyzed through readymade CAD software as very firmness and strength is desirable. Maximum spare parts have been preferred IS standard (ready stock found vigorously). Right from selecting end support bearing of reel-the foremost unit, Pitmanless tumble and knife link of cutter unit, dowel pin of cross auger(the screw to roll&push the cut crop), and bevel gear&pinion of PTO unit, Indian standards are followed thoroughly. At each and every point while design of various devices in this machine, care has been taken for economy, simplicity and life span into consideration (the value addition). As it is a vital need of the farmers and agriculturists (farm experts), one thing has been fully kept in mind that we should confirm to reliability by judging robustness/longevity of various units, its ease and simplicity while operation and maintenance. Finally, this device could be easily fabricated by a small enterprise, as scientific knowhow is available with the authors. It has been predicted to save final labour, being minimized in the field. Maximum spares parts(more than 70%) can be found as ready stock in the market for running a medium or small scale enterprise.

A biometric system provides automatic identification of an individual based on a unique feature or characteristic possessed by the individual. Iris recognition is regarded as the most reliable and accurate biometric identification system available. In this paper, an efficient method for personal identification based on the pattern of human iris is proposed. It is composed of image acquisition, image preprocessing to make a flat iris then it is converted into eigeniris and decision is carried out using only reduction of iris in one dimension. By comparing the eigenirises it is determined whether two irises are similar. The results show that proposed method is quite effective.

This has been asserted that AOP allows attaining better design quality systems than those built with OOP, namely by reducing scattering and tangling from the research literature. There is limited quantitative and qualitative research supporting those arguments which already were published. Software metrics are very important validating procedure of quality software and software properties of aspect oriented programming (AOP). Object oriented programming (OOP) implementations may suffer certain drawbacks that will affect the design quality of the system and thus its system maintainability, comprehensibility, understandability and testability. Aspect oriented programming (AOP) facilitates with powerful quantification constructs to handle design quality. In this paper, we compare two versions (Java and AspectJ) of observer patterns to further investigate within the context of design quality. We evaluated the system based on the value of these design quality metrics RFC, CBM, LCO and WMC.We claim that the AOP has significance effect on design quality than OOP

The deterioration of the flexible pavements are also due to extreme climatic conditions prevailing in the country in addition to the heavy traffic. The polymer modification of the bitumen can improve the quality of binders and enhance the properties of binders used for the construction of pavements. Ageing of bitumen is one of the principal factors causing the failure of bituminous pavement components due to the prolonged exposure to air and environmental conditions. Ageing are of two types i.e. short term and long term. Short-term ageing occurs when binder is mixed with aggregates in a mixing plant. Long-term ageing occurs after pavement construction and is generally due to environmental exposure and loading. The properties of bitumen mainly depend on the age of bitumen. Therefore there is a need to study the properties of modified bitumen before and after ageing. In this paper the the physical properties of EVA (Ethyl Vinyl Acetate) modified bitumen is discussed, optimum dose is determined and the effect of ageing on the binder prepared using the optimum dose is evaluated.

In this paper, we review some pattern recognition learning methods and the models published in recent years. After giving the general description of pattern recognition, we discuss the Multi Layer Perceptron algorithm for classification in pattern recognition. Lastly, the example describing the implementation of MLP .The objective of this paper is to summarize and compare some of the methods for pattern recognition, and future research issues which need to be resolved and investigated further are given along with the new trends and ideas