Archives-December 2014

This exploratory study investigates the relationship among teacher hope, reflection and efficacy and explores the amount of variability it is predicted to be made by the impact they cause on each other among Iranian ELT Teachers. To this end 100 school and institute ELT teachers answered a set of questionnaires, consisting of Snyder's Adult Trait Hope Scale, Tschannen-Moran and Hoy (2001) teacher self-efficacy scale (TSES), and Akbari, et al. (2010) teacher reflection instrument. Data were analyzed using statistical techniques such as Pearson product moment correlation coefficient and multiple regressions. The results of the study revealed that there was a significant positive relationship between teacher's hope, reflection and efficacy among Iranian ELT teachers. The results of the multiple regressions also indicated that hope subscales could predict a significant amount of variability in teacher reflection and efficacy components. Also teacher reflection subscales could predict a significant amount of variability in teacher efficacy components and vice versa. The pedagogical implications of the study such as the constructive role of hope, reflection and efficacy in teacher improvement, creation of a teacher hope instrument, and the production of strategies to augment these characteristics in ELT teachers by teacher educators and policymakers are also discussed.

Present paper addresses to the most important implications of natural rights including the right of life, freedom, equity and ownership that are based on many other rights. The answer to this question that whether rights in today constituting are influenced by natural rights is positive and its importance is emphasized in interpreting constitutions. It is also tried to determine it and to clarify the way of entering natural right concepts to constitutions. Hence, in the first discourse, it is shown that in terms of natural right school practitioners, the right of life, freedom, equity and ownership are natural rights. In the second discourse, the channels of entering natural rights to constitutions are studied including entrance through declarations especially human right global declaration and constitutionalism. The amount and way of natural right implications for Iranian Constitution is also considered.

Comparisons of peroxidase isozymes among seeds and seedlings of barley, naturally infected and artificially inoculated to Drechslera gramnea were investigated. Electrophoretic comparisons revealed no significant qualitative differences in peroxidase isoenzymic patterns in seeds of different categories viz. healthy, naturally infected and artificially inoculated. Results of electrophoretic study of peroxidase isozymes on Drechslera graminea infected seedlings indicated difference in banding pattern and band intensity in healthy, naturally infected and artificially inoculated seedlings during examination periods. Band intensity was in increasing order from 10th to 30th day, was highest in samples of 30th day of sowing. peroxidase isozymes analysis gave only a possibility of defence mechanism against Drechslera graminea by introducing new isozymes of peroxidase.

Alexander is one of the most important and permanent characters in history who has affected the world’s literature including the European, Turkish and Iranian ones. This character has been defined in many Persian poems, verses and different anecdotes. The versified story of Alexander (Eskandarnameh) is one of the works explaining that Eskandarnameh belongs to Nezami, the poet in 1300. Nezami is known as an Iranian famous story writer in Iran who has perfectly developed this literal type. He is one of the prominent poets raised from Azerbaijan school. Nezami is famous for one of his books called Khamseh or Panj Ganj. This book includes Leili and Majnun, Makhzanolasrar, Khosrow and Shirin, Haft Peykar and Eskandarnameh. Eskandarnameh is one his verses describing Alexander and it presents this historical character as a world conqueror and a sage. The secret of making this work into a permanent and eternal one is set at featuring Alexander as an idealistic character. This book introduces Alexander by characteristics like forgiveness, peace seeker, fairness and, etc. This essay scrutinizes Nezami’s concepts towards Alexander and his characteristics.

This study aims to investigate the relation of playing types of computer games- sports, warship, training and strategic- with self-regulated learning strategies and motivational beliefs among male students of 3rd grade of high school. The methodology of this study is descriptive of correlation type. The samples include 260 students from high schools of different districts of Sabzevar selected by stratified random sampling among different fields of study- basic science, mathematics and liberal arts. To evaluate the self-regulated learning and motivational beliefs strategies, there was used of Motivated Strategies for Learning Questionnaire developed by Pintrich & De-Groot (1990) and for evaluating the computer games, there was used of two factors, including time spent for playing games per week and type of computer games- sports, warship, training and strategic. For data analysis, there was used of descriptive statistics as well as inferential statistics including Pearson Correlation Coefficient and Regression. Results indicated that there is generally no significant relation between time spent for types of PC games- sports, warship, training and strategic, with self-regulated learning and motivational beliefs strategies; while games are studied separately based on their type, there can be seen a significant relation between time spent for training PC games with self-regulated learning and motivational beliefs strategies, while there is no significant relation between time spent for other types of PC games- sports, warship and strategic with self-regulated learning and motivational beliefs strategies.

This study investigates the different montages used in mounting silkworm before spinning of cocoon. In this investigation, palm fronts, basket, woven montages were used along with the plastic ones to study their efficacy. The silkworms were brushed into the rearing tray from disease-free egg card. After feeding on mulberry leaves for several days, silkworms of the 5th instars stop feeding and begin to spin cocoon. The result showed that 78% cocoon was formed from the palm front montage. This was followed by plastic montages 58%; woven montages 54%; but basket montage does not support the formation of cocoon 0%. The quality parameter that were measured include, cocoon weight, filament weight, filament length and pupa weight. Palmfront montages have the highest cocoon weight1.684gm, filament weight 0.125gm and pupa weight 1.235. The results obtained were summarized in table and graph. The palm fronts, from oil palm tree, are readily available to the rural and urban farmers in the community, exhibit the best cocoon formation. Palmfront montages, plastic montages and woven montages support the formation of cocoon. However the use of palmfront could be encourage having shown a better quantity and quality parameters.

Meritocracy values undergrid the ideology of democracy and identifies the core belief that a) individuals can succeed on the basis of their autonomous decisions and actions; b) this success is based upon moral virtue; and c) equal opportunity applies to everyone regardless of origin or social identity. Meritocracy is generally held to be a social system within which individuals earn rewards according to their abilities and efforts.

The study investigated the replacement value of plantain peel meal for maize on feed intake, live weight gain and feed efficiency of a snail species (Achachatina marginata). Four diets were formulated as follows: diet 1, 30.7% maize without plantain peel; diet 2, 20.7% maize and 10% plantain peel; diet 3, 10.7% maize and 20% plantain and diet 4 ; 30.7% plantain peel without maize.48 medium size snails were randomly divided into four groups and each group was fed with one of the experimental diets for 3months . The snails were examined for performance using live weight gain, feed intake and feed efficiency. The statistical analysis showed no significant difference among the treatments (experimental diets) but the result revealed that snails fed with diet 1 had the highest performance in live weight gain (5.67) and feed efficiency (0.56) while diet 4 had the least in live weight gain (4.03) and efficiency (0.41) but the greatest in feed intake (10.83).However, plantain peel is a feed ingredient that has no side effect on the snails although poorly consumed. Its inclusion in the diet should not exceed 10% based on the result of the study.

The authors bring back a case of ostéoïd ostéoma of the ulnar styloide. It was about a 26-year-old, military young man, who appeared in consultation for pain of the left wrist of inflammatory speed feigning monoarthritis. The diagnosis of the ostéoïd ostéoma was evoked to the standard radiography and the scanning, and confirmed by the anatomopathologique examination. The treatment was surgical by percutaneous resection under control scopique with good result.

Mucoid cysts tibiofibular joint top (TFS) is a rare cause of nerve compression at the knee. We report the observation of a soldier of 46 years, who presented with painful swelling sitting at the top of the anterolateral aspect of the left leg third with peroneal neuralgia, lasting for four months. Clinical examination revealed an oval mass, deep, sensitive, poorly demarcated sitting on top of the anterolateral compartment of the right leg third. Ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the knee revealed an intramuscular myxoid cyst Depond joint superior tibiofibular. Electromyogram (EMG) was in favor of an invasion of the superficial peroneal nerve. A biopsy excision of the lesion was performed. Pathological examination confirmed the diagnosis of a mucoid cyst. The evolution is marked by the complete disappearance of pain, recovery of normal sensitivity and lack of recurrence after a year of decline.