Archives-December 2013

Neurological problems are the major complications generally recognized during the early childhood Type I Diabetes Mellitus (DM).Which causes potential physio-morphological changes on central nervous system. Its early adverse impact can’t be ignored during the childhood cognitive behavior. The recognition of disease and initiation of early treatment can prevent the advanced complications in young diabetic children. The diabetes was induced in 22 days (postnatal) wistar rats by giving intraperitoneal injection of Streptozotocin at a dose of 60mg/kg body weight. After the confirmation of diabetes induction treatment with the alcoholic root extract of Salacia chinencis at a dose of 100mg/Kg body weight was started immediately. And it was continued for one month duration. At the end of 30 days treatment schedule the animals were scarified and the brain tissue was collected. The tissue was processed under rapid Golgi staining. Tissue sections of frontal cortical neurons were subjected to Camera Lucida drawings and later it was analyzed by considering the changes in dendritic arborization pattern. The alcoholic root extract of Salacia chinencis has shown significant changes in the dendritic arborization pattern in different groups as follows. The analysis of apical intersections has shown that normal control differs with treatment group (p=.014), diabetic control group differs with treatment group (p=.020). And in case of apical branching the normal control differs only with diabetic control (p=.029.) The basal branching points between the normal control differs with diabetic group (p=.013), diabetic control group differ with treatment group (p=.006). And in case of basal intersections none of them are statistically significant to compare.

In RFID protocols, random numbers are mainly required to analyze tag answers in order to guarantee the privacy of the owner of the transponder. Our analysis looks at the feasibility of RFID tags for supporting Cryptographically Secure Pseudorandom Number Generators on their limited chip. Here we discuss about the cryptographic approach which we have used to improve the security of RFID credit card. Also we discuss about the random bit generator used in this cryptographic approach.

This paper presents an optimization model to calculation of the minimum number of phasor measurement units (PMUs) for complete observability of electrical power networks. Minimum PMU placement problem has multiple solutions. We propose a flow chart and indicators in order to find all solution and rank these multiple solutions, respectively. The proposed model is capable of obtaining the full set of optimal solutions instead of only one or partial solutions. The integer linear programming (ILP) approach is implemented to solve this model. We propose a procedure for multistaging of PMU placement in a given time horizon due to financial and physical constraints using an ILP framework. In addition, network expansion scenarios associated with intermediate stages are taken into account. Numerical studies are conducted on a nine-bus system and the IEEE 57-bus system and the results are analyzed.

For over a decade now attention is critically focused on the exploitation of environmentally sustainable and renewable energy sources, particularly due to the depletable, expensive and pollution characteristics of fossil fuels. In this regard, solar energy has strong potentials to play a great future role, especially in the global areas around the equator. Substantial effort has therefore been made to cover numerous issues associated with harnessing solar power. Hargreaves equation and its derivatives as assessment models, wide range of literature studies documented across the globe with emphasis to African countries and the key green areas were substantially covered. Necessary recommendations were also offered in line with international energy demand and strategies.

Friction-stir welding has received a huge interest in the last few years. The many advantages of this promising process have led researchers to present different theoretical and experimental explanation of the process. The way to quantitatively and qualitatively control the different parameters of the friction-stir welding process has not been paved. In this study, a refined energy based model that estimates the energy generated due to friction and plastic deformation is presented. The effect of the plastic deformation at low energy levels is significant and hence a scale factor is introduced to control its effect. The predicted heat energy and the obtained maximum temperature using the present model are compared to the theoretical and experimental results available in the literature and a good agreement is obtained. 

We aimed to investigate factors associated with the creation of a learning organization at Shahid Beheshti University in Tehran through the perspective of faculty members of the university. research method is Descriptive- survey. Sample population in this research include faculty members of Shahid Beheshti University which 517 subjects were selected using multi-stages cluster sampling and the researcher questioner was delivered to the subjects. The question numbers were determined based on Morgan among 221 people. Data collected via questionnaire regularly. Questionnaire used in this study is feasibility of the approach and is based on the Likert scale ratings. Towards data analysis, descriptive and inferential statistical has been used. Descriptive statistical estimates the frequency distribution , percentage, density , mean , and .... . For hypothesis test, inferential statistical parameters such as Pearson correlation coefficient , ANOVA , t independent groups , multiple regression, post hoc Tukey test was used for data analysis . results showed that among the eight -component communication patterns , reward system , individual autonomy , risk - taking, conflict , identification, management support, coherence, integration and creating a learning organization at Shahid Beheshti University is a significant relationship between them which the description of each component of the items discussed during the study findings are presented.

The present study was conducted to examine the relationship between psychological empowerment, job satisfaction and organizational commitment among Secondary school teachers in the city of Rabat Karim through descriptive survey. Statistical population were 1753 people among Secondary school teachers in the city of Rabat Karim which 156 subjects (90 females and 66 males) with sampling alternating to the volume were selected based on Cochran's formula. Tools used in this study consisted of Aspirytzer's psychological empowerment questionnaire, Smith's job satisfaction questionnaire, Kendall and Holin as well as organizational commitment questionnaire of Alan and Meyer. The reliability was confirmed by Cronbach's alpha. Correlation test and stepwise Regression was used for data analysis. Pearson correlation test results indicate that psychological empowerment and its subscales (significance), self-determination has a positive and significant relationship with job satisfaction at the level of p <./.1. Results also indicated that there was no significant relationship between feelings of competence and job satisfaction (r = 0/044, p = 0/624). In order to more closely examine the relationship between psychological empowerment and job satisfaction among components of psychological empowerment, job satisfaction, the results indicated that job satisfaction has a positive and significant relationship with self-determination (r = 0/55, p = 0/000), feeling of efficacy (r = 0/42, p = 0/000) and significance level (r = 0/207, p = 0/02). well as the results of the Pearson correlation test showed that there not exists a significant relationship between psychological empowerment and organizational commitment of teachers r = 0/12, p = 0/181)), the result is that in the development of psychological empowerment and job satisfaction of teachers is increased and it will be certainly followed with the enhanced quality of education.

Usually calculated by calculating the absolute poverty line, with poverty as well as the limitations due to lack of access to accurate data is how to choose the items needed for low-income groups, is confronting. On the other hand, the determination of relative poverty rather than poverty, inequality shows. This paper inequality poverty and its causes in society, with an emphasis on equality of society makes. Show the causes and consequences of poverty in our communities, especially Iran could use the attention of planners and policy makers socio - economic placed. Because the consequences of any social phenomenon causes can be the starting point and deal with of the phenomenon Poverty and social inequalities in society.

The managers use management accounting information and techniques to take decisions. The decision making process of most of managers consists of economical decision making and choosing the best alternative that lead to profit maximization as well as cost and expense minimization. Management accounting measures and produces economical information which is useful to users for conscious decision making. Management accounting writers tend to present management accounting as a loosely connected set of decision-making tools. Although the various textbooks on management accounting make no attempt to develop an integrated theory, there is a high degree of consistency and standardization in methodology of presentation. In this chapter, the concepts and assumptions which form the basis of management Accounting will be formulated in a comprehensive management accounting decision Model. The formulation of theory in terms of conceptual models is a common practice. Virtually all textbooks in business administration use some type of conceptual Framework or model to integrate the fundamentals being presented. In economic theory, there are conceptual models of the firm, markets, and the economy. In Management courses, there are models of organizational structure and managerial Functions. In marketing, there are models of marketing decision-making and channels of distribution. Even in financial accounting, models of financial statements are used As a framework for teaching the fundamentals of basic financial accounting. The tactical decisions which must be preceded by strategic decisions provide the Historical data from which the accountant prepares financial statements. In addition To being statements summarizing historical transactions, financial statements may be Regarded as a descriptive model for decision-making. Every item or elements on the financial statements are the result of a decision or decisions. For each decision, a management accounting tool is exist that may be used to make a good decision. However, the management accounting tools can be used only if the management Accountant is successful in providing the information demanded by the particular Tool.

Soliton in an optical fiber, a fine example of the profound impact technology provides a mathematical concept in real-world. There soliton theory, the first in 1934 by John Scott Russell queries. Solitary waves in search of nature, as is done in the realm of speculation. Soliton waves may also exist in biological systems, so that in 1979, but Henry Tuck, who was then a member of the University of British Columbia equations to study the concentration of potassium and calcium in the modeling of the nervous system to filtrate. When the system is in a local increase in potassium can cause problems - which happened during the passage of a nerve stimulator is probable - that of the equations, and the calcium reduced the waves increased potassium in a single filtrate moving were foretold .In the near future, solitary waves can lead to innovations in technology.