Archives-December 2012

The present paper has focused on the development of an Alluminium metal matrix composite (AMMC) which posses good mechanical properties to meet the functional requirements as the materials of machine elements. The AMMC samples are prepared by mixing reinforcement materials like SiC, Al2O3, Al3C4 in different sizes and percentages with Alluminium base materials like Al6061, Al6063, Al7075 using stir casting furnace according to taguchi orthogonal array OA L9 for minimizing experimental cost. The properties (responses) like density, tensile strength, impact strength, and hardness are determined for the samples. These responses are studied and analyzed using fuzzy logic and the optimum combination of influential factors are identified. A new sample is prepared as per identified combination and tested for confirmation, and it is satisfactory.

The participation of Government of Kenya in the Jomtien Conference in 1990, and its subsequent endorsement of EFA Declaration, re-enforced the commitment Kenya had on the provision of education to its citizens. The events related to the development of education sector in the country following the Jomtien Conference exhibit how Kenya has tried to domesticate the EFA Declarations. Two crucial events laid the foundation for domesticating EFA commitments in the country. These are-: National Conference on Education for All held in Kisumu in 1992, and National Symposium on the Education of the Girl-Child held in Machakos in 1994. Education for all is not about putting children in a classroom. It is about providing children with a qualified teaching professional in acceptable teaching and learning environment. While it is extremely encouraging that the Kenya government took the first bold step in implementing free primary education in 2003, this achievement has not been without challenges. This paper examines the progress, challenges and the strategies and the government in trying to achieve education for all.

Core stability is a foremost important thing when the discussion of spinal stability comes into light. The TrA is amongst the first trunk muscles to fire when limb activity is initiated. Core stability is a umbrella term covering aspects like core strength, balance, power etc. core stability is a complex interplay between active/passive and neural subsystem. Communication between musculature and the neuromuscular system is what enables the body to regain the equilibrium state .this is also termed as the APA (anticipatory postural adjustments) where postural adjustments allows body to increase proximal stability. Over the last several years the evidence on correlation between performance and core stability has remained inconclusive. It appears that focus of research must be directed to determine whether tests of core stability are related to athletic performance or not.

Objectives: To Study the efficacy of backward training program me on agility and quadriceps strength. Design: Pre Post test study. Setting: Jamia Hamdard University, Participants: 30 healthy university students (18 -25 yrs). Interventions: Subjects were randomly assigned into three groups (A,B and C). Group A ( N = 10) performed backward walking (4 kmph), Group B (N=10) performed backward running(5.6 kmph) for 6 weeks (3 sessions per week) and Group C (N=10) was the control group. Before and after the intervention, all the subjects completed the following tests: agility- T test and measurement of quadriceps strength. Outcome Measures: Agility, quadriceps strength. Conclusions: The results of the study showed that both the backward walking and backward running improved the quadriceps strength after 6 week of training. In addition, while backward running was found to be effective in improving the agility performance, the backward walking group did not show significant increase .Control group showed no improvement in agility and quadriceps strength.

The influence of increasing Al concentration on the electrical, optical and structural properties of transparent and conducting films has been investigated. The films were deposited on glass substrates at a temperature of 480°C using a hydro-alcoholic solution consisting of and with various Al-doping levels from 0 to 0.53 being spray ratios of : in solution. The effect of changing the aluminum-to-tin spray ratio, [ ]/[ ], from 0 to 0.53 was investigated. The optical properties were studied in the UV/VIS/NIR region. The optical band gap for undoped films lay at 3.9 eV, whereas for high Al -doped films it shifts towards lower energies in the range of 3.9 – 3.61 eV. The results of x-ray diffraction have shown that the deposited films are polycrystalline without any second phases with preferential orientations along the (110), (101), (200) and (211) planes and an average grain size of 25.7 nm. It has been shown that increasing Al doping concentration lowers both the grain size and electrical conductivity of tin oxide significantly.

In this paper, we have formulated a mathematical model for the transmission dynamics of an infectious disease in a certain community. The model allows for the individuals to move from the exposed phase to the infected phase. The model exhibits two equilibria, namely, the disease free equilibrium and the endemic equilibrium. The stability of these two equilibria points is controlled by the basic reproductive number R0 which was determined using the next generation matrix approach. Using the eigenvalue elasticity analysis, it was found that the parameter denoted by ? (transmission coefficient) has the greatest impact on the formulated mathematical model which must be put into consideration by the health care policy makers in order to reduce or eradicate the spread of the infectious disease in the community.

This article examines the notions of (in) directness and politeness in the Persian and English electronic requests of Iranian EFL postgraduate students (nonnative speakers of English) to their professors during their education at Islamic Azad University, Najaf Abad Branch, Isfahan, Iran. To that end, the study employed both quantitative and qualitative approaches to investigate 60 English and 60 Persian e-mails composed by the participants. More specifically, a modified version of request strategies that was proposed initially by Blum-Kulka, House, and Kasper (1989) and revised by Bisenbach-Lucas (2007) to fit e-mail request data was employed to analyze the request head act of each e-mail message. Findings from the study reveal that the students employ more direct strategies in their Persian e-mail requests than their English e-mail requests. The results of the study also indicate that students employ more direct strategies for the requests for information, but not for the requests for action. This study argues that e-mail requests characterized by significant directness give the faculty no choice in complying with the request and fail to acknowledge the imposition involved. Therefore, many of them might become responsible for pragmatic infelicities.

As per the results from the phylogenetic tree and BLAST analysis of the sequence data the isolated sp. identified as Galactomyces sp. of yeast. Isolated yeast sp. produced high levels of intracellular ?-glucanase after incubation for 36 h at pH 7.0, temperature 27 °C in the presence of 8 % glucose. The optimum pH and temperature observed for the enzyme activity were 5.0 and 50ºC respectively. Addition of metal ion salts like MnCl_2, COCl₂ CaCl₂ cause activation of enzyme. Yeast cell cultures grown with nitrogen sources like NaNo₃ and yeast extract enhance ?-glucanse activity.

This study was conducted to determine the existing social service and community requirements in rural area of Uttrakhand Hill. Most of the hill village community in India including Uttrakhand have very poor to poor options of quality school education and health related assets option in their local places. Under this study also assess the community priority for education, health services and child development. The results stated that the Government education and health services are ultimate options for marginal and low economy groups but scarcity of modern educational assets and health services accelerate the high out migration from these villages. Thus to stop the fast out migration of middle and middle upper groups from rural area the planning polices of State and Central Government have need to give promotion to public private partnership in social services as per their priority. This efforts further supplement to minimize the out migration and avail services with local employment generation, deliver as the new catalyst for rural social revitalization.

Facebook use are much in vogue these days. Taking into concern the exponential growth in membership on this social networking site, this study was therefore planned. The purpose of this research was to find out the relationship between facebook usage and its influence on peer relationships. A random sample for the same was collected from the tricity area i.e. Chandigarh, Panchkula and Mohali. A group of 60 subjects in the age group of 19-21years were administered a questionnaire on facebook usage. Correlation and descriptive analysis ( mean, S.D and t-ratio) were applied. Results revealed non significant relationship between SNS usage and interpersonal relationships with friends.